scholarly journals The Role of Education in the Prevention of Radicalization and Violent Extremism in Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2320
Author(s):  
Marlies Sas ◽  
Koen Ponnet ◽  
Genserik Reniers ◽  
Wim Hardyns
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Education And Employment

Only since the beginning of this century, the prevention of radicalization has become an important topic in debates about terrorism and sustainable development in developing countries. Research has shown that radicalized individuals are not uneducated, but have often completed secondary or tertiary education. Additionally, it became clear that some extremist groups consider the school environment as an attractive recruitment place. These findings led to a new approach where the education sector is considered as a prominent partner in preventing and combating the radicalization of young individuals. In this article, the potential limitations of the role of the education sector in developing countries are exposed. Based on previous research, three bottlenecks in the education sector were found: unequal access to education, poor quality of education and the relationship between education and employment. In order to strengthen the role of education for sustainable development in developing countries, it is recommended that equal access to education is improved, that schools invest in the creation of safe spaces for their students, that not only secondary but also primary and tertiary education are involved in policy strategies regarding radicalization, and that the job market is adjusted to the educational level of graduated students.

The Challenge of Affordable Housing in Disasters: Western Iran Earthquake in 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-291
Author(s):  
Mohammad Heidari ◽  
Neda Eskandary ◽  
Seyedeh Samaneh Miresmaeeli
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Western Iran ◽  
New Policies

ABSTRACTIn November 2017, a disruptive earthquake occurred in Western Iran. After the major earthquake in Kermanshah, most affordable buildings such as a hospital in Islamabad and a dozen schools were destroyed. According to experts, a dangerous location (construction on the fault), poor quality of concrete, inappropriate connection of the facade to the structure, the use of undesirable construction materials, and low quality of non-structural components are considered as the main reasons for these damages. Regarding the role of government in the developing countries, construction policies should be modified and new policies should be implemented to enhance the structural and non-structural resilience in the buildings.

Alternatives to solve SDG trade-offs and to enforce SDG synergies: a systematic literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Boar ◽  
Erola Palau Pinyana ◽  
Marc Oliveras-Villanueva
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trade Offs

PurposeThis paper takes a critical view of synergies and trade-offs and discloses the practices that countries and companies should apply to achieve sustainable development.Design/methodology/approachThis paper offers a systematic literature review of 408 papers to find models of sustainable development goals (SDGs) interaction with the aim of shedding light on the existing synergies and trade-offs and finding solutions to enhance these synergies and minimize the trade-offs.FindingsBoth rich and developing countries should follow multiple strategies to improve the quality of life of their citizens. Developing countries should focus on eradicating poverty. Rich countries should apply new economic models that are more likely to be environmental-friendly. Finally, the topic of SDGs should be revisited by the United Nations.Practical implicationsBoosting the quality of education and providing clean energy are two of the most relevant actions that should to be taken by countries, as they will accelerate the fulfilment of all the other SDGs. The use of circular economic models or new business models, such as the sharing economy, is essential to the achievement of sustained economic growth without negative environmental impact.Originality/valueThe paper analyzes SDG interactions and offers a critical vision of practices that countries and companies should adhere to for achieving sustainable development.

scholarly journals Cloud Computing in Education in Developing Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faten Karim ◽  
Giselle Rampersad
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
It Infrastructure ◽  
Cloud Computing Adoption ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
Set Up

The main advantage of cloud computing is to reduce the IT cost. By using cloud computing, organisations do not have to set up an IT infrastructure, and instead are able to rent resources and give payment only for the using services. Even with the appealing of cloud computing benefits, it is still in infancy in developing countries due to many reasons. Technology adoption has been explored to a limited degree in developing countries, particularly in relation to cloud computing in the tertiary education sector. Existing studies have examined technology adoption in developed countries and to a lesser extent in developing countries in non-education contexts such as e-government. This paper contributes to the cloud computing adoption literature in developing countries, and specifically in Saudi Arabian universities. 

scholarly journals Electrification, Power Outages and Employment

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Josephine Ofori Adofo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Power Outages ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Industrial Composition ◽  
Negative Implication ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Although electrification rates have increased in developing countries, the poor quality of electricity still remains a challenge. This paper studies the effects of electrification at the intensive margin, using a fixed effects approach. I find that power outages significantly reduce employment, earnings, and hours of work. A key channel through which outages affect employment is decreased prevalence of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) among households. Evidence indicates that severe outages reduce opportunities for households to indulge in income generating activities. The decrease in employment opportunities is further exacerbated by reduced industrial growth and changes in the industrial composition. The results suggest that unreliable electricity may have a negative implication for job creation in developing countries.

scholarly journals The Role of Good School Environment on the Quality of School Activities in Qatif Zone Schools

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safiah Saeed Ali Alobaidan - Ali Alghazo
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Quality Outcomes ◽  
School Activities ◽  
Good School ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
School Activity

The current study aimed to explore the relationship between the well prepared school environment and the quality of schools activities that are directed to students' benefits. This study follows the mixed methods design that combines both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis. The research tools that are used in this study is a closed-ended e-survey for school activity leaders and interviews with 5 supervisors. The non-random pilot of this research consists of (23) school activity leaders from elementary, intermediate and secondary schools and (5) supervisors in Qatif zone. The research findings pointed out the real effective well-prepared school environment role on the good quality outcomes of school activities in Qatif Area, and that most schools lack the application of quality in school activities. This research will shed light on how effective is the well prepared school environment to enrich the kinds and the effectiveness of school activities according to the quality standards of the Ministry. This emphasizes the role of the Ministry of Education to exert more efforts to prepare schools with required facilities and equipment to facilitate the quality of school activities.

Die Reformen des Wahlrechts zum Deutschen Bundestag 2011 und 2013 im öffentlichen Diskurs

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 844-864
Author(s):  
Eric Linhart ◽  
Oke Bahnsen
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
The Public ◽  
Electoral Law ◽  
German Newspapers

The German electoral law to the federal parliament was reformed in 2011 and in 2013 . While political scientists have extensively evaluated consequences of these reforms, the role of the public discourse has been largely neglected . We analyze articles from three leading German newspapers (FAZ, SZ, Welt) on this topic and find the debate around the reforms to be dominated by parties and political institutions . Scientists, interest groups, and journalists have only played minor roles . Regarding content, the discourse largely focused on surplus seats, reform speed, and a proposal by the CDU/CSU‑FDP coalition government in 2011 . A broad public debate in which multiple social groups could participate has not taken place . From a normative perspective this is problematic since the lack of a public debate might have contributed to the poor quality of the reform’s result .

scholarly journals A Structural Model for the Antecedents of Sustainable Project Management in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8013
Author(s):  
Mehfooz Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Waris Ali Khan ◽  
Lee Chia Kuang ◽  
Ammar Hussain ◽  
Faisal Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Construction Firms ◽  
Isomorphic Pressures

Sustainable development is the core agenda item of the 21st century to be addressed simultaneously by societies, businesses, and academia. Likewise, sustainability research in the project context is fragmented and still at a nascent stage with less attention directed towards the key antecedents particularly in developing countries. Using institutional theory, this paper analyzes the role of normative and mimetic isomorphic pressures as external enablers for integrating sustainability in project processes. Additionally, it aims to empirically validate a structural model for predictors of sustainable project management (SPM). Data were collected from 146 large construction firms in Pakistan which were then analyzed using the partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. The results show that mimetic isomorphic pressures assert more influence than normative pressures in predicting the sustainability performance of construction projects. The inferred implications suggest that large construction firms will tend to improve their sustainable performance under isomorphic pressure from professional bodies and from those competitors who are early adopters of sustainable project practices. This paper contributes to the literature by explaining the role of non-coercive isomorphism as an important enabler of SPM in developing countries. The model presented will enrich our current understanding of SPM by studying its juxtaposition with institutional theory and sustainable development research.

Psychiatry’s ethical involvement in gender-affirming care

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 460-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto D’Angelo
Keyword(s):  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Gender Reassignment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Physical Treatments

Objective: To reflect on the role of psychiatry in authorising physical treatments for Gender Dysphoria and to examine the quality of evidence for gender-reassignment. Method: A Medline search was performed with the subject term “transsexualism” or “gender dysphoria” and “outcome” or “follow-up” in the title. Studies published from 2005 onwards reporting psychosocial outcomes were selected for review. Results: Most available evidence indicating positive outcomes for gender reassignment is of poor quality. The few studies with robust methodology suggest that some patients have poor outcomes and may be at risk of suicide. Conclusion: The author raises questions about the implications for ethical treatment of transgender individuals.

scholarly journals Triggers for Atrial Fibrillation: The Role of Anxiety

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Severino ◽  
Marco Valerio Mariani ◽  
Annalisa Maraone ◽  
Agostino Piro ◽  
Andrea Ceccacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Substrate ◽  
Clinical Strategies

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most widely recognized arrhythmia. Systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes, obesity, heart failure, and valvular heart diseases are major risk factors for the onset and progression of AF. Various studies have emphasized the augmented anxiety rate among AF patients due to the poor quality of life; however, little information is known about the possibility of triggering atrial fibrillation by anxiety. The present review sought to underline the possible pathophysiological association between AF and anxiety disorders and suggests that anxiety can be an independent risk factor for AF, acting as a trigger, creating an arrhythmogenic substrate, and modulating the autonomic nervous system. The awareness of the role of anxiety disorders as a risk factor for AF may lead to the development of new clinical strategies for the management of AF.

scholarly journals A soundscape analysis for selected parks in Bydgoszcz

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 00097
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Sztubecka
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
City Center ◽  
The City

Areas that are considered human-friendly are green spaces. The existing urban parks are designed to fulfill the role of relaxation, recreation, and entertainment. However, in many cases, these are historic places, which at the time didn't have much of an impact on external factors. Sustainable development issues are related to the quality of life and the usage of the environment and its resources by present and future generations. Noise and noise protection is an issue that is part of sustainable development. The inadequate implementation of the principles of sustainable development and non-inclusion of noise can noticeably lead to negative effects now and in the future. The aim of the paper is to analyze the soundscapes of two Bydgoszcz parks located in the city center. The values of the equivalent sound level for these areas were obtained from the existing Bydgoszcz acoustic plan. Subsequently, the resulting distribution of noise was compared with the results of subjective perception of sounds by visitors. On this basis, conclusions can be drawn regarding the ways of shaping such areas while taking into account the perception of visitors.

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