scholarly journals Systemic Design for Food Self-Sufficiency in Urban Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan E. Núñez-Ríos ◽  
Norman Aguilar-Gallegos ◽  
Jacqueline Y. Sánchez-García ◽  
Pedro Pablo Cardoso-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Recursive Structure ◽  
Stakeholder Relationships ◽  
Complexity Management ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Viable System ◽  
Sufficient Food

This article adopts a systemic approach to address the problem of the operationalization of relationships between actors conducive to food self-sufficiency in urban areas. Through the use of Social Network Analysis (SNA), the literature on urban agriculture was analyzed, detecting eight key trends and topic areas. This information was used to design a generic recursive organizational structure with the identification of the key roles and functions for management and governance in the multi-level and multi-stakeholder relationships of a sustainable urban self-sufficient food production system, inspired by the principles of complexity management and organizational cybernetics. Methodologically, this is the first application that combines the exploratory capability of SNA and the recursive structure of the Viable System Model (VSM) to propose applicable organizational structures in any urban area, suggesting a new route for the study and application of systemic thinking in the development of urban agriculture schemes. However, due to the conceptual nature of this work, this study opens a discussion on how we can rethink interactions to seek continuous adaptation in food self-sufficiency, provide tools that foster inclusion, and adapt to every context to support the relevant actors and academics in urban agriculture.

scholarly journals A System for the Inclusion of the Informal Recycling Sector (IRS) in Mexico City’s Solid Waste Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12490
Author(s):  
Francisco Gutiérrez-Galicia ◽  
Ana Lilia Coria-Páez ◽  
Ricardo Tejeida-Padilla ◽  
Emma Frida Galicia-Haro
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Recursive Structure ◽  
Stakeholder Relationships ◽  
Msw Management ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Viable System

With 19 million inhabitants, Mexico City is the most populated agglomeration in Latin America, concentrating 30% of the national population. More than 61% of municipal solid waste (MSW) is sent to landfills, and 13% of MSW is recovered by Informal Sector Recyclers (ISRs) for recycling, which is the most crucial treatment option in the city. This article adopts a systemic approach to addressing the problem of the operationalization of relationships between ISRs and public services in Mexico City to design a recursive organizational structure with the identification of the critical roles and functions of management and governance in multi-level and multi-stakeholder relationships to integrate ISRs into MSW management. Using the Viable System Model (VSM) recursive structure to propose functional organizational structures in Mexico City is a new route for the study and application of systemic thinking in ISR integration. The VSM of the recycling system in Mexico City considers the recycling activities and characteristics of the territory at each recursion level. The authorities of the corresponding hierarchical level, who have sufficient knowledge of the physical and socioeconomic characteristics of the territory, are responsible for the design and operations.

scholarly journals The role of urban agriculture for a resilient city

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Hoang Tien LE ◽  
Thi Huong Ly VO ◽  
Ngoc Han CHAU
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Vertical Farming ◽  
Sufficient Food ◽  
Global Population

Humans are simultaneously facing challenges as climate change, epidemics and scarcity of food and water. It is estimated that by 2021 over 690 million of people will face hunger; by 2050 the global population will increase up to 10 billion with 68% of the population living in urban areas. By providing 30% of self-sufficient food in 2030, urban agriculture will be a practical concept to face these challenges. The work studies the role of agricultural land as a critical part for a resilient city. Parameters related to food production are also explored. As study case, this work aims to investigate the current food security of the Ho Chi Minh city (HCMC), offering productive green solutions at different scales from land-use planning, urban design to green roofs. For a production of 6.7 kg/day of vegetables a day, the costs of are approximately $10,000 for nearly 5.6 square meters of land; this points out A-Go-Gro technology as an effective measure for vertical farming. For example, 0.18 ha of green space can produce 2 tons of vegetables per day in the Lake View settlement (district 2 in HCMC). Moreover, due to green roofs, stormwater volumes directed into the sewer system are decreased by 65% and the penetration of electromagnetic radiation is reduced by 99.4%. Loài người đang đồng thời đối mặt với những thách thức như biến đổi khí hậu, dịch bệnh, khan hiếm thực phẩm và nước. Ước tính đến năm 2021 có hơn 690 triệu người đói và đến năm 2050 dân số toàn cầu tăng lên gần 10 tỷ người, với 68% sống ở khu vực thành thị. Được sử dụng để tự cung tự cấp 30% lương thực vào năm 2030, nông nghiệp đô thị là một khái niệm hiệu quả cho những thách thức. Bài báo là nghiên cứu đất nông nghiệp như một phần quan trọng cho một thành phố có khả năng phục hồi. Các thông số liên quan đến sản xuất lương thực được nghiên cứu. Bài báo cũng tìm hiểu an ninh lương thực của thành phố Hồ Chí Minh hiện nay. Hơn nữa, bài báo đưa ra các giải pháp phủ xanh hiệu quả trên các quy mô khác từ quy hoạch sử dụng đất, thiết kế đô thị đến mái nhà xanh tại các hộ gia đình. Với chi phí 10.000 USD và gần 5,6 mét vuông đất trồng 6,7 kg rau mỗi ngày, công nghệ A-Go-Gro là một biện pháp hữu hiệu cho canh tác theo chiều dọc. Như vậy 0,18 ha không gian xanh có thể sản xuất 2 tấn rau mỗi ngày tại khu dân cư Lake View ở quận 2. Hơn nữa, bằng cách làm mái nhà xanh, nước mưa giảm đến 65% vào hệ thống cống và sự xâm nhập bức xạ điện từ giảm 99,4%.

scholarly journals Kemandirian Petani dalam Mengelola Usahatani Sayuran di Kota Denpasar

2018 ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
I WAYAN SUCITAYASA ◽  
DWI PUTRA DARMAWAN ◽  
I NYOMAN GEDE USTRIYANA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The Self ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Vegetable Farming ◽  
The City ◽  
Source Of Information

Self-Reliance of Farmers in Managing Vegetable Farming in Denpasar City The development of urban agriculture has many challenges such as the difficulty ofobtaining production inputs, the difficulty of obtaining credit, the limited ofresources, the limited time, and the agricultural sector which is not a priority sector.Difficulties in farming in urban areas can be minimized with the self-sufficiency ofeach farmer. The purpose of the study was to investigate how the performance ofvegetable farming management and how the level of self-sufficiency of vegetablefarmers in Denpasar, as well as what factors influence the self-sufficiency ofvegetable farmers in the city of Denpasar in terms of capital, production andmarketing that are categorized in three classes of measurement i.e. less selfsufficiency,moderate self-sufficiency or full self-sufficiency analyzed by qualitativedescriptive method. The results showed that vegetables farming conducted byfarmers in the city of Denpasar was still classified as a traditional that rely on habits.The self-sufficiency seen from the aspects of capital, production and marketing canbe categorized as medium category. Factors that affect the self-sufficiency in thecapital aspect was age. The self-sufficiency in the aspects of production wasinfluenced by the source of information, and the self-sufficiency in the marketingaspect was influenced by the partnership relationship. Based on the results of theresearch, it is recommended to increase the extension to increase knowledge offarmers related to vegetable agribusiness.

Mechanisms of Green Development of Urban Agricultural Production in a Large Industrial City

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 823-829
Author(s):  
E. V. Malysh
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Green Development

A city’s potential for food self-sufficiency is expected to increase through the distribution of innovative, high-tech, green agricultural practices of producing food in an urban environment, which can improve the city’s food security due to increased food accessibility in terms of quantity and quality. Aim. Based on the systematization of theoretical approaches and analysis of institutional aspects, the study aims to propose ways to strengthen the city’s food security by improving food supply in urban areas, increasing the socio-economic and environmental sustainability of urban food systems, and changing the diet of urban residents.Tasks. The authors propose methods for the development of urban agricultural production in a large industrial city based on the principles of green economy and outline the range of strategic urban activities aimed at implementing green agricultural production technologies associated with the formation and development of the culture of modern urban agricultural production.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to examine the specificity of objectives of strengthening a city’s food security by improving the quality of food supply to the population. Methods of comparison, systems analysis, systematization of information, and the monographic method are also applied.Results. A strategic project for the development of urban agricultural systems through the implementation and green development of advanced urban agricultural technologies is described. Green development mechanisms will create conditions for the city’s self-sufficiency in terms of organic and safe products, functioning of short supply chains, and green urban agriculture.Conclusions. Managing the growth of urban agriculture will promote the use of highly effective, easily controlled, resource-efficient, eco-friendly, weather- and season-independent, multi-format urban agricultural technologies. The study describes actions aimed at creating conditions for stabilizing a city’s high-quality food self-sufficiency with allowance for the growing differentiation of citizen needs.

scholarly journals There Is No Place like Home! How Willing Are Young Adults to Move to Find a Job?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7494
Author(s):  
Julia Weiss ◽  
Livio Ferrante ◽  
Mariano Soler-Porta
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Mobility ◽  
Persistent Problem ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Job Opportunities

The European Union (EU) has undergone significant economic crises in recent years. Therein, young people were amongst the hardest hit groups, with youth unemployment rising as high as 50% in some member states. Particularly high rates of youth unemployment were often observed in rural areas, where labour market supply in relation to demand were notably divergent. One of the core pillars of the EU’s agenda is to tackle the persistent problem of youth unemployment. Since the recent crisis, this has been via the “Youth on the Move” initiative, which involves the promotion of intra- and international mobility of young adults in order to gain access to job opportunities. However, what has received little attention so far is the question of what the general willingness of young adults to move is like, and to what extent this varies, for example, depending upon the area they live in. This paper therefore asks if rural youth differ from youth in urban areas in relation to their willingness to move for a job within their country or to another country. Moreover, what influences the general willingness to be mobile? Based on the Cultural Pathways to Economic Self-Sufficiency and Entrepreneurship (CUPESSE) Survey, which includes data on 18–35-year-olds in a sample of 11 European countries, it is shown that living in a rural area is strongly associated with the willingness to move. Furthermore, it shows that rural youth are more willing to move within the country but less willing to move to another country. Based on the presentation of the various factors, which promote or curb mobility readiness, the results make it clear that the success of EU initiatives depends on the preferences and willingness of the target group in question.

scholarly journals Where Do I Allocate My Urban Allotment Gardens? Development of a Site Selection Tool for Three Cities in Benin

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
B. G. J. S. Sonneveld ◽  
M. D. Houessou ◽  
G. J. M. van den Boom ◽  
A. Aoudji
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Site Suitability ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Allotment Gardens

In the context of rapid urbanization, poorer residents in cities across low- and middle-income countries increasingly experience food and nutrition deficiencies. The United Nations has highlighted urban agriculture (UA) as a viable solution to food insecurity, by empowering the urban poor to produce their own fresh foods and make some profit from surplus production. Despite its potential role in reducing poverty and food insecurity, there appears to be little political will to support urban agriculture. This is seen in unclear political mandates that are sustained by information gaps on selection criteria for UA sites. The research reported here addresses this issue in the form of a decision-making support tool that assesses the suitability of cadastral units and informal plots for allotment gardens in urban and peri-urban areas. The tool was developed and tested for three rapidly expanding cities in Benin, a low-income country in West Africa, based on an ordered logit model that relates a set of 300 expert assessments on site suitability to georeferenced information on biophysical and socio-economic characteristics. Soil, land use, groundwater depth, vicinity to market and women’s safety were significant factors in the assessment. Scaled up across all cadastral units and informal sites, the tool generated detailed baseline maps on site suitability and availability of areas. Its capacity to support policymakers in selecting appropriate sites comes to the fore by reporting changes in site suitability under scenarios of improved soil fertility and enhanced safety for women.

scholarly journals Urban agriculture: local government stakeholders’ perspectives and informational needs

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Catherine G. Campbell ◽  
Shelli D. Rampold
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Public Issues ◽  
Subjective Knowledge ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Study Support

Abstract In many US states, the power to regulate urban agriculture (UA) rests in local governments. Although there has been increased interest in UA, some local governments have been slow to adopt policies or ordinances to foster food production in urban areas or have actively sought to limit UA in their municipalities. To learn more about the disconnect between resident interest and local government policy, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Extension and Center for Public Issues Education conducted a statewide survey of local government stakeholders (LGS) to assess their attitudes toward UA, subjective knowledge of UA, perceived benefits of and barriers to the implementation of UA and educational needs. Responses were collected using 5-point semantic differential and Likert-type scales. Overall, respondents displayed positive attitudes and moderate knowledge of UA, and they identified a number of benefits of and barriers to implementing UA in their communities. The findings of this study support the hypothesis that lack of basic knowledge about UA is one difficulty in fostering UA. Despite being positively disposed toward UA, LGS may not fully understand how to effectively develop and implement policies to foster UA. This finding may also help explain reluctance to adopt local government policies to support UA. Efforts to provide LGS key information and enhance their knowledge of UA may support the development of UA activities.

Tra ruralizzazione ed urbanizzazione: progetti integrati cittŕ-campagna

TERRITORIO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
Alessandra Giannini
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Life ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
Country Life ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

- Country life is (and has been) the object of utopian visions, set against the rise of urban living. The paradigms of the myth of rural life can be traced back to Howard's Garden City and to Frank Lloyd Wright's Broadacre City. These examples of the paradigm blend into a broader and trans-disciplinary contemporary discourse on the myth of rural living. Since the end of the 1990s, the subject of the relationship between the rural and the urban has developed into plans that could be called ‘country utopias'. The system of agricultural production and the countryside is evolving today towards new forms of integration and hybridisation with urban areas. Planning practices are emerging today in the definition of the characters and traits of urban agriculture designed to create town and country interaction particularly in marginal areas, strips located on the borders between town and country. These modifications are leading to the definition of new rural figures, together with plans capable of giving new life to liminal and marginal areas between town and country by creating new models of ‘rururban' living.

FACTORS AFFECTING URBAN AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE, VIET NAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-233
Author(s):  
Vu Bach Diep ◽  
Dinh Hong Linh ◽  
Bui Thi Minh Hang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Infrastructure Policy ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Agriculture Development

The process of urbanization is taking place fast and vigorously in large urban and peri-urban areas in Vietnam. According to national forecasts, the rate of urbanization nationwide will reach 39.3% by 2020 and 50-55% by 2035. Thai Nguyen is a province in the midland and mountainous region. The province is located at the northern gateway and bordered with Hanoi capital. In recent years, the agricultural land area of Thai Nguyen province has narrowed due to the urban-industrial development. Urban agriculture development is an inevitable direction, creating safe and high quality food products, protecting the ecological environment, and increasing people's income. Thai Nguyen is one of the provinces promoting sustainable urban agricultural development. Secondary and primary data sources are analyzed and synthesized by descriptive statistical methods. The article will analyze five groups of factors affecting urban agricultural development in Thai Nguyen province in the period 2015-2018, including Socio-economic; Natural conditions and infrastructure; Policy factors; Planning factors; Links and integration.

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