scholarly journals Potential of Sustainable Concept for Handling Organic Waste in Tunisia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8167
Author(s):  
Nour El Houda Chaher ◽  
Safwat Hemidat ◽  
Qahtan Thabit ◽  
Mehrez Chakchouk ◽  
Abdallah Nassour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Aerobic Digestion ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Biological Treatments

Nowadays, Tunisia is seeking to implement cost-efficient and sustainable solutions in relation to the treatment of organic waste which, at up to 65%, makes up the largest proportion of total waste generated in the country. Therefore, an efficient tool for decision makers is needed to provide a clear approach about the potential of organic waste as well as the treatment concept, which can be adapted based on technical requirements and local conditions. Results revealed that there is a high variation in terms of the nature of the collected biowaste, which affects the selection of the adopted bioprocess for each geographical zone of the study area. Three main categories of biowaste are produced along the coastline of Tunisia: food waste (FW) (102.543 t/a); green waste (GW) (1.326.930 t/a); and cattle manure (CM) (1.548.350 t/a). Based on the results of similar projects and laboratory-scale research work, anaerobic and aerobic digestion were examined. Regarding aerobic digestion, the monitoring of several physicochemical parameters ascertained that the co-composting of FW and GW at different ratios (GW: FW = 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75) allowed the production of a stable and mature compost. A highly qualified end-product was generated from each trial categorized as a finished compost of class V with reference to German Standards of compost. Regarding the anaerobic process, different feedstock mixtures (FW:CM = 0:1, 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1) were prepared to feed semi-continuous anaerobic reactors. However, a significant improvement in the process development was recorded for digesters including a higher fraction of FW, which produced 0.846 LN/kg VSin as the maximum biogas production. Therefore, biological treatments of food waste and different co-substrates seems to be a suitable technique for Tunisia in terms of waste management, environmental, and energy aspects. However, the evaluation of the efficiency of the proposed biological treatments was also verified by a draw-up of a technical and economic feasibility analysis. Although the cost–benefit estimations proved that the profits from both the compost and biogas plants would be very modest, the feasibility of such sustainable projects should not only be evaluated on an economic basis, but also by taking into account socio-environmental considerations including decreasing environmental threats, providing work opportunities, increasing incomes, stimulating public awareness as well as reducing the operating costs linked to landfilling.

scholarly journals Prototype of a Biogas Anaerobic Digester from the Hostel Mess Kitchen Wastes

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Shivam Modi ◽  
Pooja Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Biodegradable Waste

Biogas is a non-exhaustible of energy which can be formed from anaerobic fermentation of different types of biodegradable waste such as food waste, plant waste, animal waste sewage and other organic waste. The typical composition of Biogas includes CH4 (50–70%) which is responsible for maximum energy content along with CO2 (25–50%) that can be collected, stored and supplied. Biogas acts as a multipurpose and an eco- friendly sustainable resource of energy which can be utilized for cooking, electricity generation, lightning, heating etc. Biodegradable waste specifically produced in large amounts as a kitchen waste. In modern society, the solid waste per capita has been consistently increasing as of increase in population and change in socio-economic-cultural habits. The biogas production through the kitchen waste thereof provides a solution of disposal of solid waste. The bio gas production through anaerobic degradation pathways can be controlled and enhanced with the help of certain microorganisms and advancements of new technologies. In this research work, an attempt is being made to produce the biogas from kitchen and food waste collected from hostel mess of Chitkara University, Punjab and a novel method of production of microorganism has been also proposed for fast degradation of waste. Under this project, a survey for the estimation of daily production of organic waste from hostel mess has also been done for fifteen day. 

Forecasting the potential and economic feasibility of power generation using biogas from food waste in Ghana: Evidence from Accra and Kumasi

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 120342
Author(s):  
Dan Cudjoe ◽  
Emmanuel Nketiah ◽  
Bright Obuobi ◽  
Gibbson Adu-Gyamfi ◽  
Mavis Adjei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Economic Feasibility

scholarly journals Biogas potential of organic waste onboard cruise ships — a yet untapped energy source

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Schumüller ◽  
Dirk Weichgrebe ◽  
Stephan Köster
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Detailed Presentation

AbstractTo tap the organic waste generated onboard cruise ships is a very promising approach to reduce their adverse impact on the maritime environment. Biogas produced by means of onboard anaerobic digestion offers a complementary energy source for ships’ operation. This report comprises a detailed presentation of the results gained from comprehensive investigations on the gas yield from onboard substrates such as food waste, sewage sludge and screening solids. Each person onboard generates a total average of about 9 kg of organic waste per day. The performed analyses of substrates and anaerobic digestion tests revealed an accumulated methane yield of around 159 L per person per day. The anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and food waste (50:50 VS) emerged as particularly effective and led to an increased biogas yield by 24%, compared to the mono-fermentation. In the best case, onboard biogas production can provide an energetic output of 82 W/P, on average covering 3.3 to 4.1% of the total energy demand of a cruise ship.

A highly efficient multi-step methodology for the quantification of micro-(bio)plastics in sludge

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2097409
Author(s):  
Federica Ruggero ◽  
Alexandra E. Porter ◽  
Nikolaos Voulvoulis ◽  
Emiliano Carretti ◽  
Tommaso Lotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Initial Oxidation ◽  
Threshold Size ◽  
End Products ◽  
Biological Treatments ◽  
Pre Treatment

The present study develops a multi-step methodology for identification and quantification of microplastics and micro-bioplastics (together called in the current work micro-(bio)plastics) in sludge. In previous studies, different methods for the extraction of microplastics were devised for traditional plastics, while the current research tested the methodology on starch-based micro-bioplastics of 0.1–2 mm size. Compostable bioplastics are expected to enter the anaerobic or aerobic biological treatments that lead to end-products applicable in agriculture; some critical conditions of treatments (e.g. low temperature and moisture) can slow down the degradation process and be responsible for the presence of microplastics in the end-product. The methodology consists of an initial oxidation step, with hydrogen peroxide 35% concentrated to clear the sludge and remove the organic fraction, followed by a combination of flotation with sodium chloride and observation of the residues under a fluorescence microscope using a green filter. The workflow revealed an efficacy of removal from 94% to 100% and from 92% to 96% for plastic fragments, 0.5–2 mm and 0.1–0.5 mm size, respectively. The methodology was then applied to samples of food waste pulp harvested after a shredding pre-treatment in an anaerobic digestion (AD) plant in Italy, where polyethylene, starch-based Mater-Bi® and cellophane microplastics were recovered in amounts of 9 ± 1.3/10 g <2 mm and 4.8 ± 1.2/10 g ⩾2 mm. The study highlights the need to lower the threshold size for the quantification of plastics in organic fertilizers, which is currently set by legislations at 2 mm, by improving the background knowledge about the fate of the micro-(bio)plastics in biological treatments for the organic waste.

Production of solid biofuels from organic waste in developing countries: A review from sustainability and economic feasibility perspectives

2021 ◽  
pp. 148816
Author(s):  
Lina S. Angulo-Mosquera ◽  
Allan A. Alvarado-Alvarado ◽  
María J. Rivas-Arrieta ◽  
Carlos R. Cattaneo ◽  
Eldon R. Rene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Solid Biofuels

Technical and economic feasibility analysis of an anaerobic digestion plant fed with canteen food waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 938-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Huiru ◽  
Yan Yunjun ◽  
Federica Liberti ◽  
Bartocci Pietro ◽  
Francesco Fantozzi
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Feasibility Analysis

scholarly journals Organic Waste Management in Canada: Building a Sustainable Circular Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Alja Perger
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Organic Waste Management ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Resource Input

North America is a big consumer and consequently a big producer of waste. For the purpose of this project, we were primarily interested in collecting information in North America, focusing on Quebec primarily. The main research question was risen up during the fieldwork and assistance with the Canadian company. It clearly presents the enterprise readiness for obtaining a smart solution on organic/food waste problem. It is believed, how organic/food waste can be a resource of a high value. There is a capacity of creating a new path, where organic/food waste could become the important as plant/field nutrient supply. The circular approach to organic waste management is urgently needed in a way how the organic waste should be reduced and returned as productive resource input into our economy. The paper presents a new value towards a sustainability process that Canada is building at the moment. It represents the innovative approach, which is highly accepted in some cities in Quebec with the obtained pilot projects and excellent results. This paper is not only a simple research paper, but it is also the very important original innovative document which can be highly used on the level of each municipality, region and federal level.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF PLATE WASTE IN UNIVERSITY REFECTO

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisa Ozbiltekin-Pala ◽  
◽  
Gülmüş Börühan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Food Services ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Plate Waste ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The World ◽  
Observation Method

Food waste is a crucial global problem in the world. It is also a crucial issue for food services, consumers etc. Food is wasted throughout the entire food chain. At the consumer level, 35 percent of wasted food occurs. One of the main causes of food waste at consumer level is determined as “plate waste”. Although, the issue needs sustainable solutions to decrease food waste, there is no permanent solutions in mass consumption places about food waste such as refectories, cafeterias. The aim of the study is to analyse the amount of plate waste in Yaşar University (YU) refectories in İzmir by observation method and to find ways of minimizing food waste in YU, providing sustainability and contributing to the development of circular economy and raising awareness about food waste problem. For this research, the food waste at the YU refectories in Izmir was analysed by observation method. For 1-week observation study, a total of 3883 trays were examined throughout the Main campus and T blocks. It is determined that the biggest percentage is the main course and more than 50 percent of trays consist of waste in YU refectories.

PELANGGARAN PERSYARATAN TEKNIS DAN LAIK JALAN PENGGUNAAN “KNALPOT RACING”

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-116
Author(s):  
Yuda Riyansah
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Police Station ◽  
Traffic Police ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Technical Specifications

Bogor City Traffic Police have cracked down on the use of "racing exhaust" is the exhaust that create noise that should not be for the user "racing exhaust" that use will be dealt with by imposing a speeding ticket for anyone who is found to be using it. The using of "racing exhaust" the actual traffic police focus with a noisy exhaust, but for uniformity police finally cracked / menilang all types of non-standard exhaust. For the problem of "racing exhaust" did not meet the technical requirements specified Ministry of Transportation, car manufacturers as a product marketer must obtain permissions from the Ministry of Transportation regarding Technical Specifications and motor products to be marketed. Identify the problem in this research are: 1) What level of legal awareness violation technical requirements and road worthy in term of the use of "exhaust racing"? and 2) How to measure the traffic police in the discipline for violation of technical requirements and road worthy with the using of "racing exhaust" is associated with Law No. 22 of 2009 on Road Traffic and Road Transport ?. The purpose of the study are: 1) To determine, assess and analyze the level of legal awareness violation technical requirements and road worthy in terms the use of "exhaust system" and 2) To determine, assess and analyze the actions of the police traffic discipline for violation of technical requirements and acceptance way with the using of "racing exhaust" is associated with Law Number 22 Year 2009 regarding Traffic and Road Transportation. The method used is a normative juridical research method that is conceived as the norm of law, rules, principles or dogmas. The conclusion of this study is public awareness against the use of exhausting racing in the jurisdiction of Police Bogor City is still low and need to be enforced through the implementations of the traffic rules properly. Constraints are the limiting factor in the using of repression racing exhaust Bogor City Police jurisdiction is given the severity of the sanctions and the lack of awareness of traffic, but it is also caused by the presences of shops selling car accessories such tools freely. Factors that led to the use of racing exhaust that prestige factor, factor adolescent age, race factors, factors influence others. Efforts are being made the police to minimize the using of motor racing that preventive measures and repressive efforts. Efforts by the police in the jurisdiction of the police station in the city of Bogor minimize these violations carried out preventive and repressive that is by cracking down on traffic violators in juridical and non-juridical.

scholarly journals Automation of Operations Design for Complex-Shaped Surfaces Processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 05008
Author(s):  
Margarita Markova ◽  
Andrey Markov ◽  
Aleksandr Balashov ◽  
Norbert Sczygiol
Keyword(s):  
Complex Shape ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Minimal Processing ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Milling Operations ◽  
Processed Material ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Cutting Modes

Research work is aimed at modeling the process of milling surfaces of complex shape in automated CAD/CAM systems. To reduce labour input of this process, an algorithm for designing milling operations is proposed. The algorithm is implemented in the form of software written in the VBA programming language from Office Excel. The software allows to select cutting tools and cutting modes for roughing, semi-finishing and finishing milling. The initial data for this are: processed material, part configuration, profile depth, technical requirements on the surface. The work of the algorithm was tested on the parts of the mold type. It is found that the set of cutting tools for all types of milling surfaces of complex shape is selected taking into account the overall dimensions of the treated surface, its curvature and radii of surfaces rounding. The results of simulation of mold processing in Sprut CAM system according to the assigned set of cutting tools and cutting modes allowed to choose the tool path with minimal processing time.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document