scholarly journals Mathematical Model for Regular and Irregular PV Arrays with Improved Calculation Speed

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10684
Author(s):  
Luz Adriana Trejos-Grisales ◽  
Juan David Bastidas-Rodríguez ◽  
Carlos Andrés Ramos-Paja
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Inflection Points ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
General Mathematical Model

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are usually developed by configuring the PV arrays with regular connection schemes, such as series-parallel, total cross-tied, bridge-linked, among others. Such a strategy is aimed at increasing the power that is generated by the PV system under partial shading conditions, since the power production changes depending on the connection scheme. Moreover, irregular and non-common connection schemes could provide higher power production for irregular (but realistic) shading conditions that aere caused by threes or other objects. However, there are few mathematical models that are able to predict the power production of different configurations and reproduce the behavior of both regular and irregular PV arrays. Those general array models are slow due to the large amount of computations that are needed to find the PV current for a given PV voltage. Therefore, this paper proposes a general mathematical model to predict the power production of regular and irregular PV arrays, which provides a faster calculation in comparison with the general models that were reported in the literature, but without reducing the prediction accuracy. The proposed modeling approach is based on detecting the inflection points that are caused by the bypass diodes activation, which enables to narrow the range in which the modules voltages are searched, thus reducing the calculation time. Therefore, this fast model is useful in designing the fixed connections of PV arrays that are subjected to shading conditions, in order to reconfigure the PV array in real-time, depending on the shading pattern, among other applications. The proposed solution is validated by comparing the results with another general model and with a circuital implementation of the PV system.

scholarly journals Interpretation of MPPT Techniques in Grid Connected Solar PV Array System

IJOSTHE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Neha Singh ◽  
Prof. Govind Prasad Pandiya
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Uniform Condition

Solar energy is one of the most used and readily available renewable energy sources among the other energy sources. The power generated by PV systems is dependent on solar irradiance and temperature parameters. In the literature, many researchers and studies are interested in estimating true maximum efficiency point for the PV systems. Due to that fact, MPPT applications and techniques become an important issue for PV systems under both uniform and non uniform conditions. Although, PV system under uniform environment has only one maxima point on P-V curve which is simple to estimate correctly by conventional MPPT techniques, it is not as simple as under non-uniform condition such as partial shading and mismatch effects. To overcome the drawbacks of the conventional MPPTs under non uniform condition, researchers has been investigated new soft computing MPPTs, PV array configurations, system architectures and topologies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Mathematical Model to Characterize the Performance of Conventional and Hybrid PV Array Topologies under Static and Dynamic Shading Patterns

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoharan Premkumar ◽  
Umashankar Subramaniam ◽  
Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu ◽  
Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan ◽  
Lucian Mihet-Popa
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Power Maximization ◽  
Global Peak

The analysis and the assessment of interconnected photovoltaic (PV) modules under different shading conditions and various shading patterns are presented in this paper. The partial shading conditions (PSCs) due to the various factors reduce the power output of PV arrays, and its characteristics have multiple peaks due to the mismatching losses between PV panels. The principal objective of this paper is to model, analyze, simulate and evaluate the performance of PV array topologies such as series-parallel (SP), honey-comb (HC), total-cross-tied (TCT), ladder (LD) and bridge-linked (BL) under different shading patterns to produce the maximum power by reducing the mismatching losses (MLs). Along with the conventional PV array topologies, this paper also discusses the hybrid PV array topologies such as bridge-linked honey-comb (BLHC), bridge-linked total-cross-tied (BLTCT) and series-parallel total-cross-tied (SPTCT). The performance analysis of the traditional PV array topologies along with the hybrid topologies is carried out during static and dynamic shading patterns by comparing the various parameters such as the global peak (GP), local peaks (LPs), corresponding voltage and current at GP and LPs, fill factor (FF) and ML. In addition, the voltage and current equations of the HC configuration under two shading conditions are derived, which represents one of the novelties of this paper. The various parameters of the SPR-200-BLK-U PV module are used for PV modeling and simulation in MATLAB/Simulink software. Thus, the obtained results provide useful information to the researchers for healthy operation and power maximization of PV systems.

scholarly journals Global MPPT Based on Machine-Learning for PV Arrays Operating under Partial Shading Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Kalogerakis ◽  
Eftichis Koutroulis ◽  
Michail G. Lagoudakis
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Search Time ◽  
Convergence Time ◽  
Global Maximum ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Global Mppt

A global maximum power point tracking (GMPPT) process must be applied for detecting the position of the GMPP operating point in the minimum possible search time in order to maximize the energy production of a photovoltaic (PV) system when its PV array operates under partial shading conditions. This paper presents a novel GMPPT method which is based on the application of a machine-learning algorithm. Compared to the existing GMPPT techniques, the proposed method has the advantage that it does not require knowledge of the operational characteristics of the PV modules comprising the PV system, or the PV array structure. Additionally, due to its inherent learning capability, it is capable of detecting the GMPP in significantly fewer search steps and, therefore, it is suitable for employment in PV applications, where the shading pattern may change quickly (e.g., wearable PV systems, building-integrated PV systems etc.). The numerical results presented in the paper demonstrate that the time required for detecting the global MPP, when unknown partial shading patterns are applied, is reduced by 80.5%–98.3% by executing the proposed Q-learning-based GMPPT algorithm, compared to the convergence time required by a GMPPT process based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm.

scholarly journals Reconfigurable Distributed Power Electronics Technique for Solar PV Systems

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ◽  
Yongheng Yang ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Dezso Sera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Charge Redistribution ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
In Series ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Power Balancing

A reconfiguration technique using a switched-capacitor (SC)-based voltage equalizer differential power processing (DPP) concept is proposed in this paper for photovoltaic (PV) systems at a cell/subpanel/panel-level. The proposed active diffusion charge redistribution (ADCR) architecture increases the energy yield during mismatch and adds a voltage boosting capability to the PV system under no mismatch by connected the available PV cells/panels in series. The technique performs a reconfiguration by measuring the PV cell/panel voltages and their irradiances. The power balancing is achieved by charge redistribution through SC under mismatch conditions, e.g., partial shading. Moreover, PV cells/panels remain in series under no mismatch. Overall, this paper analyzes, simulates, and evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed DPP architecture through a simulation-based model prepared in PSIM. Additionally, the effectiveness is also demonstrated by comparing it with existing conventional DPP and traditional bypass diode architecture.

scholarly journals An Optimized PV Control System Based on the Emperor Penguin Optimizer

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 751
Author(s):  
Mariam A. Sameh ◽  
Mostafa I. Marei ◽  
M. A. Badr ◽  
Mahmoud A. Attia
Keyword(s):  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Emperor Penguin ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Grid Connected Inverter

During the day, photovoltaic (PV) systems are exposed to different sunlight conditions in addition to partial shading (PS). Accordingly, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques have become essential for PV systems to secure harvesting the maximum possible power from the PV modules. In this paper, optimized control is performed through the application of relatively newly developed optimization algorithms to PV systems under Partial Shading (PS) conditions. The initial value of the duty cycle of the boost converter is optimized for maximizing the amount of power extracted from the PV arrays. The emperor penguin optimizer (EPO) is proposed not only to optimize the initial setting of duty cycle but to tune the gains of controllers used for the boost converter and the grid-connected inverter of the PV system. In addition, the performance of the proposed system based on the EPO algorithm is compared with another newly developed optimization technique based on the cuttlefish algorithm (CFA). Moreover, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used as a reference algorithm to compare results with both EPO and CFA. PSO is chosen since it is an old, well-tested, and effective algorithm. For the evaluation of performance of the proposed PV system using the proposed algorithms under different PS conditions, results are recorded and introduced.

scholarly journals A Modification of the Perturb and Observe Method to Improve the Energy Harvesting of PV Systems under Partial Shading Conditions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2521
Author(s):  
Alfredo Gil-Velasco ◽  
Carlos Aguilar-Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power ◽  
Global Maximum ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Computational Resources

There are multiples conditions that lead to partial shading conditions (PSC) in photovoltaic systems (PV). Under these conditions, the harvested energy decreases in the PV system. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller aims to harvest the greatest amount of energy even under partial shading conditions. The simplest available MPPT algorithms fail on PSC, whereas the complex ones are effective but require high computational resources and experience in this type of systems. This paper presents a new MPPT algorithm that is simple but effective in tracking the global maximum power point even in PSC. The simulation and experimental results show excellent performance of the proposed algorithm. Additionally, a comparison with a previously proposed algorithm is presented. The comparison shows that the proposal in this paper is faster in tracking the maximum power point than complex algorithms.

scholarly journals Different Techniques to Mitigate Partial Shading in Photovoltaic Panels

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3863
Author(s):  
Tiago Alves ◽  
João Paulo N. Torres ◽  
Ricardo A. Marques Lameirinhas ◽  
Carlos A. F. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Cell Model ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pv Panel

The effect of partial shading in photovoltaic (PV) panels is one of the biggest problems regarding power losses in PV systems. When the irradiance pattern throughout a PV panel is inequal, some cells with the possibility of higher power production will produce less and start to deteriorate. The objective of this research work is to present, test and discuss different techniques to help mitigate partial shading in PV panels, observing and commenting the advantages and disadvantages for different PV technologies under different operating conditions. The motivation is to contribute with research, simulation, and experimental work. Several state-of-the-artsolutions to the problem will be presented: different topologies in the interconnection of the panels; different PV system architectures, and also introducing new solution hypotheses, such as different cell interconnections topologies. Alongside, benefits and limitations will be discussed. To obtain actual results, the simulation work was conducted by creating MATLAB/Simulink models for each different technique tested, all centered around the 1M5P PV cell model. The several techniques tested will also take into account different patterns and sizes of partial shading, different PV panel technologies, different values of source irradiation, and different PV array sizes. The results will be discussed and validated by experimental tests.

scholarly journals Short and open circuit faults study in the PV system inverter

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1764
Author(s):  
Mohammed Bouzidi ◽  
Abdelkader Harrouz ◽  
Tadj Mohammed ◽  
Smail Mansouri
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Electric Utility ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Types Of Faults

<p>The inverter is the principal part of the photovoltaic (PV) systems that assures the direct current/alternating current (DC/AC) conversion (PV array is connected directly to an inverter that converts the DC energy produced by the PV array into AC energy that is directly connected to the electric utility). In this paper, we present a simple method for detecting faults that occurred during the operation of the inverter. These types of faults or faults affect the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the photovoltaic system, especially the inverter, which is the main component responsible for the conversion. Hence, we have shown first the faults obtained in the case of the short circuit. Second, the open circuit failure is studied. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method. Good monitoring and detection of faults in the inverter can increase the system's reliability and decrease the undesirable faults that appeared in the PV system. The system behavior is tested under variable parameters and conditions using MATLAB/Simulink.</p>

scholarly journals A Novel Transformer-less Grid Tie Inverter for Rooftop PV system

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Mahir Mahdee ◽  
Chowdhury Mohammad Samir ◽  
Sunzidur Rahman ◽  
Md. Shabuj Hossain ◽  
Ahmed Mortuza Saleque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Inverter ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Constant Input ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Arduino Microcontroller ◽  
Photo Voltaic ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Inverter Topology

This paper presents a relatively new concept for the design and implementation of a grid-tie inverter for photo voltaic (PV) systems. The proposed method will eliminate the uses of battery pack hence overall cost of any PV project will be significantly reduced. As the output of any PV array varies with the variation of solar irradiance hence a boost converter with PID regulated variable duty cycle has been used to keep a constant input to the inverter. Multilevel inverter topology has been proposed for utility grid connectivity. The proposed design is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and a prototype is also implemented to verify the simulation results. The controllers are implemented in Arduino microcontroller board.

scholarly journals Photovoltaic emulator of different solar array configurations under partial shading conditions using damping injection controller

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Mustapha Alaoui ◽  
Hattab Maker ◽  
Azeddine Mouhsen ◽  
Hicham Hihi
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Solar Array ◽  
Laboratory System ◽  
Electrical Behavior ◽  
Energy Research ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Accuracy Speed ◽  
Hybrid Damping

In the last decades, researchers and scientists have been trending towards photovoltaic (PV) solar energy research as one of the noteworthy renewable energies. As a matter of fact, the need for a laboratory system devoted to performing measurements and experimentation on PV systems is being increased. The PV array emulator is designed to accomplish this task by reproducing accurately the electrical behavior of real PV sources. The present paper proposes thus a new control and design of PV array emulators. It is based essentially on a hybrid Damping Injection controller. The proposed control strategy circumvents obviously the existing PV emulator's limitations in terms of accuracy, speed and partial shading emulation. Several results are given and discussed to show the efficiency of the proposed system to emulate PV modules and different PV array configurations under uniform solar irradiance and partial shading conditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document