scholarly journals Natural Protected Areas as Providers of Ecological Connectivity in the Landscape: The Case of the Iberian Lynx

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Iván Barbero-Bermejo ◽  
Gabriela Crespo-Luengo ◽  
Ricardo Enrique Hernández-Lambraño ◽  
David Rodríguez de la Cruz ◽  
José Ángel Sánchez-Agudo
Keyword(s):  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Iberian Lynx ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Ecological Connectivity ◽  
Historical Distribution ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Conservation Plans

The design of conservation plans for the improvement of habitats of threatened species constitutes one of the most plausible possibilities of intervention in the structure and composition of the landscape of a large territory. In this work we focus on the Iberian lynx in order to establish potential ecological corridors using ecoinformatic tools from the GIS environment to improve connectivity between the existing natural spaces within the scope of its historical distribution. We processed 669 records of the presence of the lynx and six predictor variables linked to the habitat of the species. With this, corridors have been generated between natural areas. The determination of possible bottlenecks or dangerous areas (e.g., hitches on highways) allows for focusing efforts on their conservation. This type of approach seeks to improve efficiency in the design of measures aimed at expanding the territory’s capacity to host its populations, improving both its viability and that of all the other species that are linked to it. The proposals for action on the specific areas defined by the models elaborated in this work would imply interventions on the land uses and existing vegetation types in order to improve connectivity throughout the territory and increase the resilience of its ecosystems.

scholarly journals Compartimentação dos elementos do relevo da bacia hidrográfica do arroio Pantanoso – Canguçu/RS, através da proposta dos geomorphons

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Danilo Da Silva Dutra ◽  
André Ricardo Furlan ◽  
Luís Eduardo De Souza Robaina
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Relief Elements ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Elevation Model

O relevo é a base onde todas as populações vivem e desenvolvem suas atividades, derivando dessa relação vantagens e desvantagens, daí a importância de conhecê-lo através do estudo de suas diferentes formas e elementos. Nesse contexto insere-se a importância de metodologias para o seu estudo, sendo que atualmente vivencia-se a expressividade de dados disponíveis para aplicação de geoprocessamento. A partir das geotecnologias pode-se empreender diversas análises sobre o relevo, destacando-se nesse contexto, a proposta dos geomorphons a qual foi aplicada na bacia hidrográfica do arroio Pantanoso. O objetivo da pesquisa é a identificação e análise dos elementos do relevo definido por geomorphons, quais sejam: 1) Planos, 2) Picos, 3) Cristas, 4) Ressaltos, 5) Crista secundária, 6) Encostas, 7) Escavado, 8) Base de encosta, 9) Vales e 10) Fosso. A determinação dos geomorphons foi a partir do processamento em ambiente SIG do Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) do Shuttle Radar Topograph Mission (SRTM) com resolução espacial 3 arcsec (90 metros), “L” Lookup (distância em metros) definiu-se como de 20 pixels (1800 metros) e o “T” Theresholdt (nivelamento em graus) definiu-se em 2º. Para visualização do comportamento dos elementos do relevo na área de estudo realizaram-se trabalhos de campo, o que contribuiu para evidenciar a padronização desses elementos. Os quatro elementos geomorphons mais representativos são encostas, vales, cristas e planos. Subdivision of relief elements through the proposal of geomorphons: river basin of arroio Pantanoso - Canguçu/RS A B S T R A C TRelief is the basis where all populations live and develop their activities, deriving from this relation advantages and disadvantages, hence the importance of knowing it through the study of its different forms and elements. In this context, the importance of methodologies for its study is inserted and geoprocessing application for data available for is currently experienced. From the geotechnologies one can undertake several analyzes on the relief, highlighting in this context, the proposal of the geomorphons which was applied in Pantanoso stream basin. The objective of the research is to identify and analyze the elements of the relief defined by geomorphons, namely: 1) Flats, 2) Peaks, 3) Ridges, 4) Shoulders, 5) Spurs, 6)Slopes, 7) Hollows, 8) Footslope, 9) Valley and 10) Pits. The determination of the geomorphons was based on the GIS environment of the Shuttle Radar Topograph Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) with spatial resolution 3 arcsec (90 meters), "L" Lookup (distance in meters) was defined as of 20 pixels (1800 meters) and the "T" Theresholdt (leveling in degrees) was defined in 2º. In order to visualize the behavior of the relief elements in the study area, fieldwork was carried out, which contributed to the standardization of these elements. The four most representative geomorphons, which are: Slopes, Valleys, Ridges and Flat.Keywords: SIG, Geomorphons; Canguçu/RS; relief

scholarly journals Multitemporal analysis of estimated soil loss for the river Mourão watershed, Paraná – Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (4 suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 120-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Graça ◽  
F. H. Passig ◽  
A. R. Kelniar ◽  
M. A. Piza ◽  
K. Q. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Geography Information System ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Geography Information ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

The multitemporal behavior of soil loss by surface water erosion in the hydrographic basin of the river Mourão in the center-western region of the Paraná state, Brazil, is analyzed. Forecast was based on the application of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) with the data integration and estimates within an Geography Information System (GIS) environment. Results had shown high mean annual rain erosivity (10,000 MJ.mm.ha–1.h–1.year–1), with great concentration in January and December. As a rule, soils have average erodibilities, exception of Dystroferric Red Latisol (low class) and Dystrophic Red Argisol (high class). Although the topographic factor was high (>20), rates lower than 1 were predominant. Main land uses comprise temporal crops and pasture throughout the years. The watershed showed a natural potential for low surface erosion. When related to usage types, yearly soil loss was also low (<50 ton.ha–1.year–1), with more critical scores that reach rates higher than 150 ton.ha–1.year–1. Soil loss over the years did not provide great distinctions in distribution standards, although it becames rather intensified in some sectors, especially in the center-eastern and southwestern sections of the watershed.

scholarly journals Problematic aspects of registering ecological land-use in the Real Estate Cadastre

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 00007
Author(s):  
Piotr Benduch ◽  
Agnieszka Pęska-Siwik ◽  
Paweł Hanus
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Proper Interpretation ◽  
Informational System

Land-use as a part of the earth’s surface used in an unitary manner, constitutes as one of the objects of Real Estate Cadastre in Poland. This register gathers data concerning actual grounds status, buildings and premises. Cadastre is carried out in an informational system on the basis of Geodetic and Cartographic Law and its implementing act. The contents of mentioned legal regulations are very general in terms of capturing and revealing data on ecological land-use. The rules are also related to environmental protection law. It often makes its proper interpretation difficult. In this article, the study aimed to systematize information about recording ecological land-uses in Polish Real Estate Cadastre has been performed. Practical and legal solutions concerning determination of the ecological land-uses coverage have been presented. The authors evaluate an order of individual activities leading to ecological land-use disclosure in cadastral database. The consequences and constraints in enforcing the ownership to land property or its parts where ecological land-use was allocated are analyzed as well. The statistical data in the scope of number and surface area of ecological land-uses in individual provinces have also been demonstrated.

Solution of Pavement Deterioration Equations by Genetic Algorithms

2000 ◽  
Vol 1699 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Raja Shekharan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pavement Deterioration ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

Pavement deterioration models are indispensable for many purposes; as a result, a number of models are in use. Models with simple equation forms are easier to use, but frequently such models may not suffice for many purposes. Consequently, complex nonlinear forms of models are to be considered. However, determination of the solution to a complex model form is not an easy task. There are various methods of obtaining solutions to such models, with each method having its own advantages and disadvantages. The use of genetic algorithms for model development is examined in this study. A very brief description of genetic algorithms is included, and their application for the development of a model is illustrated. Five models of varied complexities, extracted from the literature, are employed to create databases in which the relationship between the response and the predictor variables is known. The solutions to the models are developed employing genetic algorithms. The results indicate a high degree of accuracy, which suggests that genetic algorithms are useful as a tool for development of solutions to pavement deterioration models.

Smoke effects on NDVI determination of savannah vegetation types

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 4225-4231 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. De Moura ◽  
L. S. Galvão
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Types

scholarly journals CAPACIDADE DE USO DO SOLO COMO SUBSÍDIO PARA ESTUDOS EM BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-428
Author(s):  
Felipe de Souza Nogueira Tagliarini ◽  
Ana Clara De Barros ◽  
Bruno Timóteo Rodrigues ◽  
Yara Manfrin Garcia ◽  
Sérgio Campos
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Digital Model ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Soil Maps

CAPACIDADE DE USO DO SOLO COMO SUBSÍDIO PARA ESTUDOS EM BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA   FELIPE DE SOUZA NOGUEIRA TAGLIARINI1, ANA CLARA DE BARROS2, BRUNO TIMÓTEO RODRIGUES3, YARA MANFRIN GARCIA4, SÉRGIO CAMPOS5   1 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - FCA/UNESP, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Avenida Universitária, nº 3780, Altos do Paraíso, CEP 18610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected]. 2 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - FCA/UNESP, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Avenida Universitária, nº 3780, Altos do Paraíso, CEP 18610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected]. 3 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - FCA/UNESP, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Avenida Universitária, nº 3780, Altos do Paraíso, CEP 18610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected] 4 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - FCA/UNESP, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Avenida Universitária, nº 3780, Altos do Paraíso, CEP 18610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected] 5 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - FCA/UNESP, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Avenida Universitária, nº 3780, Altos do Paraíso, CEP 18610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected]   RESUMO: O trabalho objetivou determinar a capacidade de uso do solo, aliando o planejamento conservacionista e os melhores usos da terra com as características de solos e relevo encontrados na bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Anhumas, localizada entre os municípios de Anhembi, Bofete e Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo. Os mapas de declividade e solos foram elaborados em ambiente SIG a partir do mapa de solos do Estado de São Paulo e do Modelo Digital de Elevação do Terreno, posteriormente com a sobreposição desses dois mapas foi possível obter o mapa das subclasses de capacidade de uso do solo, as discriminando com auxílio de tabela de julgamento. O mapa das subclasses de capacidade de uso do solo, permitiu a averiguação da capacidade para utilização das terras agrícolas e a indicação dos usos e manejos em teoria mais adequados a realidade da bacia em função das características analisadas. As técnicas de geoprocessamento utilizadas na determinação da capacidade de utilização das terras da bacia permitiram a obtenção de produtos com extrema rapidez, precisão e confiabilidade nos resultados encontrados.   Palavras-chaves: conservação do solo, planejamento ambiental, geoprocessamento.   SOIL USE CAPACITY AS SUBSIDY FOR WATERSHED STUDIES   ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to perform the determination of soil use capacity, allying the conservation planning and better land uses with the characteristics of soil and relief found in the Anhumas stream watershed, located among the Anhembi, Bofete and Botucatu municipalities of, State of São Paulo. Slope and soil maps were elaborated in GIS from the State of São Paulo soil map and Digital Model of Elevation, later, with the overlay of these two maps, it was possible to obtain subclasses of soil use capacity map, discriminating them with the aid of the judgment table. The subclasses of soil use capacity map, allowed the verification of the agricultural land capacity use and uses and management indication, in theory, more adequate to the reality of watershed in function of analyzed characteristics. Geoprocessing techniques used in determining the land capacity use of watershed, allowed obtaining products with extreme speed, precision and reliability in the found results.   Keywords: soil conservation, environmental planning, geoprocessing.

scholarly journals Use of Geospatial Tools in Morphometric Analysis and Prioritisation of Sub-Catchments of the Soungrougrou (Casamance Basin)

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheikh Faye ◽  
Modou Ndiaye
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Geospatial Technology ◽  
Flow Length ◽  
Geospatial Tools ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Drainage Texture ◽  
Conservation Plans

Abstract The prioritisation of catchments, particularly in the context of catchment plans and management programmes, is part of water resources development. In fact, morphometric analysis assisted by geospatial technology is carried out by prioritising sub-catchments according to their natural resource availability characteristics. Information on the geomorphology and erosion factors of the study area is used in the area in the preparation of local models of ungauged sub-catchments, which otherwise lack an adequate hydrological database. The objective of this paper is to use geographic information systems (GISs) in morphometric analysis to prioritise sub-catchments of the Soungrougrou (a tributary of the Casamance River). In this respect, the integrated methodology involving morphometric aspects from geospatial technology is used. To carry out the geospatial research, basic mathematical equations used in a GIS environment were used to measure a series of aspects of hydrology such as flow length, flow length ratio, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, drainage texture, flow frequency, elongation rate, circularity ratio, form factor, relief and relief ratio. The results divided the whole catchment into three priority areas, namely high, medium and low. The results are relevant for establishing soil and water conservation plans in the Soungrougrou basin, as well as adequate groundwater production and management. The high category (sub-basins 6, 8, 14, 17 and 18) is subject to maximum soil erosion, which requires immediate intervention to avoid possible natural hazards.

Road vegetation in Central Europe — an example from the Czech Republic

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Božena Šerá
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Herbaceous Species ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Road ◽  
Puccinellia Distans ◽  
Roadside Vegetation

AbstractRoad nets are man-made constructions in the open landscape with a specific vegetation accompaniment in a verge or band along the road or in a divider strip. A determination of six basic vegetation types of bands along roads is possible in Central Europe (tree lines, planting area, forest stand, early successful growth, bushes band, grassy-herbal associations). In the Czech Republic, grassy-herbal communities growing on road verges are mainly formed by perennials, hemicryptophyts, and species with tendency towards pollination by insects and to anemochory and exozoochory. 40% woody and 25% herbaceous species which are non-native for Central Europe form a part of them. Three halophyte species are growing in closed lines along asphalt: Puccinellia distans, Digitaria sanguinalis and Spergularia rubra.Roads and highways should be made and used with respect to the ecological potential of roadside vegetation. However, the road net functioned as a corridor for invasive (planting or spreading) plant species.

scholarly journals A SUGGESTION TO EVALUATION OF CIVIL ARCHITECTURE: BALIKESIR EXAMPLE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Fatih SEMERCİ ◽  
Elif BÜLÜÇ
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Evaluation Phase ◽  
Architectural Evaluation ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Conservation Plans ◽  
Conservation Decisions

Cities that reflect the characteristics of the era they have existed in have identities they possess that are created through social values and environmental data. One of the important factors in the formation of the identities of cities is buildings bearing historical heritage. The preservation and revitalization of these buildings bearing traces of the past is important for ensuring cultural continuity. Aim: These evaluation studies, which are essential in the context of conservation plans, are inevitable phases to determine the principles of the plans. Method: This study is aimed to propose a method for the architectural evaluation phase, which is essential before conservation decisions. The proposed method is based on a gradation system. Center district Balıkesir/Turkey is determined as the area to test this gradation method. Result: It is proposed that this method explains the systematic way for evaluating architectural features belonging to historic sites whose conservation plans are to be prepared. In the study, traditional buildings are evaluated from the point of their exterior and interior architectural characteristics and classified as different value groups: A, B, C and D. This grouping will be advantageous to conservation decisions. Different technical teams may be organized to be responsible for these various value groups. Conclusion: a systematic approach for the determination of specialized teams and required equipment will be achieved. Thus, an accurate determination of required time and cost estimates will be realized.

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