scholarly journals Science-Driven Societal Transformation, Part III: Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 726
Author(s):  
John C. Boik
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Cognitive Architecture ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Transformational Change ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
And Migration

Climate change, biodiversity loss, and other major social and environmental problems pose severe risks. Progress has been inadequate and scientists, global policy experts, and the general public increasingly conclude that transformational change is needed across all sectors of society in order to improve and maintain social and ecological wellbeing. At least two paths to transformation are conceivable: (1) reform of and innovation within existing societal systems (e.g., economic, legal, and governance systems); and (2) the de novo development of and migration to new and improved societal systems. This paper is the final in a three-part series of concept papers that together outline a novel science-driven research and development program aimed at the second path. It summarizes literature to build a narrative on the topic of de novo design of societal systems. The purpose is to raise issues, suggest design possibilities, and highlight directions and questions that could be explored in the context of this or any R&D program aimed at new system design. This paper does not present original research, but rather provides a synthesis of selected ideas from the literature. Following other papers in the series, a society is viewed as a superorganism and its societal systems as a cognitive architecture. Accordingly, a central goal of design is to improve the collective cognitive capacity of a society, rendering it more capable of achieving and sustainably maintaining vitality. Topics of attention, communication, self-identity, power, and influence are discussed in relation to societal cognition and system design. A prototypical societal system is described, and some design considerations are highlighted.

scholarly journals Science-Driven Societal Transformation, Part I: Worldview

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6881 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Boik
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Societal Transformation ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
And Migration

Humanity faces serious social and environmental problems, including climate change and biodiversity loss. Increasingly, scientists, global policy experts, and the general public conclude that incremental approaches to reduce risk are insufficient and transformative change is needed across all sectors of society. However, the meaning of transformation is still unsettled in the literature, as is the proper role of science in fostering it. This paper is the first in a three-part series that adds to the discussion by proposing a novel science-driven research-and-development program aimed at societal transformation. More than a proposal, it offers a perspective and conceptual framework from which societal transformation might be approached. As part of this, it advances a formal mechanics with which to model and understand self-organizing societies of individuals. While acknowledging the necessity of reform to existing societal systems (e.g., governance, economic, and financial systems), the focus of the series is on transformation understood as systems change or systems migration—the de novo development of and migration to new societal systems. The series provides definitions, aims, reasoning, worldview, and a theory of change, and discusses fitness metrics and design principles for new systems. This first paper proposes a worldview, built using ideas from evolutionary biology, complex systems science, cognitive sciences, and information theory, which is intended to serve as the foundation for the R&D program. Subsequent papers in the series build on the worldview to address fitness metrics, system design, and other topics.

scholarly journals Science-Driven Societal Transformation, Part I: Worldview

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Boik
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Societal Transformation ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
And Migration

Humanity faces serious social and environmental problems, including climate change and biodiversity loss. Risks are increasing and conditions deteriorating. Increasingly, scientists, global policy experts, and the general public conclude that incremental approaches are insufficient and transformative change is needed across all sectors of society. However, the meaning of transformation is still unsettled in the literature, as is the proper role of science in fostering it. This paper is the first in a three-part series that adds to the discussion by proposing a novel science-driven research-and-development program aimed at societal transformation. More than a proposal, it offers a perspective and conceptual framework from which societal transformation might be approached and understood. While acknowledging the necessity of reform to existing societal systems (e.g., governance, economic, and financial systems), the focus of the series is on transformation understood as systems change or systems migration—the de novo development of and migration to new societal systems. The series provides definitions, aims, reasoning, worldview, and a theory of change, and discusses fitness metrics and design principles for new systems. This first paper proposes a worldview built using ideas from evolutionary biology, complex systems science, cognitive sciences, and information theory that is intended to serve as the foundation for the R&D program.

scholarly journals Science-Driven Societal Transformation, Part II: Motivation and Strategy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Boik
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Cognitive Architecture ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Cognitive Architectures ◽  
Societal Transformation ◽  
Global Science

Climate change, biodiversity loss, and other social and environmental problems pose grave risks. Progress so far has been incremental and insufficient, and as a result scientists, global policy experts, and the general public increasingly conclude that bold change is required across all sectors of society. At least two kinds of bold change are conceivable: reform of existing societal systems (e.g., financial, economic, legal, and governance systems), including their institutions, policies, rules, and priorities; and transformation, understood as the de novo development of and migration to new, improved systems. This paper is the second in a series of three that together propose a novel science-driven research and development program aimed at societal transformation. Moreover, the series advances a conceptual framework and formal mechanics by which societal transformation might be approached. Two of the underlying hypotheses are that new societal systems can be developed in a science-driven process to be fit for purpose, and system fitness can be compared across designs. Societies are viewed as superorganisms, and systems are viewed as a societal cognitive architecture. The first paper in the series provides definitions, aims, hypotheses, and a worldview. This paper discusses motivations, the role of science in societal transformation, a theory of change, and fitness metrics. The proposed R&D program and theory of change are sound, viable, and affordable. The local-global-viral strategy invites the global science community to play a unique co-leadership role with local communities in the development, testing, and monitoring of new societal systems. Systems are implemented via a novel civic club model, where participation is voluntary. Clubs grow and replicate based on merit and aided by club networks, whose systems are also viewed as societal cognitive architectures. Benefits of the program and strategy are discussed.

scholarly journals Science-Driven Societal Transformation, Part II: Motivation and Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8047
Author(s):  
John C. Boik
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Societal Transformation ◽  
Global Policy ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
And Migration

Climate change, biodiversity loss, and other well-known social and environmental problems pose grave risks. Progress has been insufficient, and as a result, scientists, global policy experts, and the general public increasingly conclude that bold change is required. At least two kinds of bold change are conceivable: reform of existing societal systems (e.g., financial, economic, and governance systems), including their institutions, policies, and priorities; and transformation, understood here as the de novo development of and migration to new and improved systems. The latter has barely been explored in the scientific literature and is the focus of this concept paper. The main theses explored are that transformation is prudent, given risks, attractive, given potential benefits, and achievable, given political, social, and financial constraints. A body of literature is cited in support, but that body is necessarily small given the novelty of the topic. In particular, there are almost no papers in the scientific literature addressing the “how to?” of transformation, a central theme of this paper. Thus, this paper serves in part to raise topics and bring attention to possibilities and new directions.

ACCOUNTING SYSTEM DESIGN FOR THE OPERATION OF RENTAL FLATS AND SPORTS VENUE OF RIAU PROVINCE

Jurnal Niara ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Neneng Salmiah ◽  
Fahmi Oemar ◽  
Reni Farwitawati
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Design System ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Service Agency ◽  
Operation System ◽  
Management Procedure ◽  
The Government

The study aimed at conducting an analysis towards the operation of Athlete Homestead for the National Sports Week in 2012 belonging to Riau Province. Regarding the Finance Operation System in the form of Sub-district Development Program-Regional Public Service Agency (PPK BLUD), the researcher designed the Accounting System for the Regional Public Service Agency of the Rental Flats and Sports Venue. The data analysis in this study used the descriptive qualitative method by describing the accounting system design for the operation of Rental Flats and Sports Venue through the Sub-district Development Program-Regional Public Service Agency (PPK BLUD) with the procedure comprising: designing the rent system and procedure of the Rental Flats and Sports Venue, designing the system of cash management from the rent income, implementing focused-group discussion with the related parties and the government, working on the policy improvement draft for the operation of the Rental Flats and Sports Venue belonging to Riau Province.Based on the result of the study and discussion, it can be concluded that in order to improve the effectiveness of the service and operation of Rental Flats and Sports Venue with sound business practice, it is necessary to implement the Finance Operation System in the form of Sub-district Development Program-Regional Public Service Agency (PPK BLUD). The design system of the Sub-district Development Program-Regional Public Service Agency (PPK BLUD) comprising the organization chart, the transaction proof document, and the financial management procedure

MYRF haploinsufficiency causes 46,XY and 46,XX disorders of sex development: bioinformatics consideration

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 2319-2329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Hamanaka ◽  
Atsushi Takata ◽  
Yuri Uchiyama ◽  
Satoko Miyatake ◽  
Noriko Miyake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Disorders Of Sex Development ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Causative Gene ◽  
Sex Development ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

AbstractDisorders of sex development (DSDs) are defined as congenital conditions in which chromosomal, gonadal or anatomical sex is atypical. In many DSD cases, genetic causes remain to be elucidated. Here, we performed a case–control exome sequencing study comparing gene-based burdens of rare damaging variants between 26 DSD cases and 2625 controls. We found exome-wide significant enrichment of rare heterozygous truncating variants in the MYRF gene encoding myelin regulatory factor, a transcription factor essential for oligodendrocyte development. All three variants occurred de novo. We identified an additional 46,XY DSD case of a de novo damaging missense variant in an independent cohort. The clinical symptoms included hypoplasia of Müllerian derivatives and ovaries in 46,XX DSD patients, defective development of Sertoli and Leydig cells in 46,XY DSD patients and congenital diaphragmatic hernia in one 46,XY DSD patient. As all of these cells and tissues are or partly consist of coelomic epithelium (CE)-derived cells (CEDC) and CEDC developed from CE via proliferaiton and migration, MYRF might be related to these processes. Consistent with this hypothesis, single-cell RNA sequencing of foetal gonads revealed high expression of MYRF in CE and CEDC. Reanalysis of public chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data for rat Myrf showed that genes regulating proliferation and migration were enriched among putative target genes of Myrf. These results suggested that MYRF is a novel causative gene of 46,XY and 46,XX DSD and MYRF is a transcription factor regulating CD and/or CEDC proliferation and migration, which is essential for development of multiple organs.

scholarly journals Bispecific T-cell engaging antibodies in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemias: focus on blinatumomab

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 204062072091963
Author(s):  
Jose-Maria Ribera ◽  
Eulalia Genescà ◽  
Jordi Ribera
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
B Cell ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Cell Precursor ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Clinical Development Program

Bispecific T-cell engaging antibodies are constructs engineered to bind to two different antigens, one to a tumor-specific target and the other to CD3-positive T cells or natural killer (NK) cells. Blinatumomab engages CD19 and CD3, performing effective serial lysis. The clinical development program in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) includes clinical trials in relapsed or refractory (R/R) patients and in B-cell precursor (BCP) ALL patients with measurable residual disease. Several trials are currently being conducted in de novo BCP-ALL, either in induction, consolidation, or before or after hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Combination with other targeted therapies or with other immunotherapeutic approaches are also underway. Several strategies are aimed to optimize the use of blinatumomab either by overcoming the mechanisms of resistance (e.g. inhibition of PD-1/PD-L1) or by improvements in the route of application, among others.

scholarly journals Lights Off, Spot On: Carbon Literacy Training Crossing Boundaries in the Television Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Chapple ◽  
Petra Molthan-Hill ◽  
Rachel Welton ◽  
Michael Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Transformational Change ◽  
Boundary Spanning ◽  
Boundary Objects ◽  
Soap Opera ◽  
Boundary Object ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Literacy Training ◽  
Learning And Change ◽  
Industry Success

AbstractProclaimed the “greenest television programme in the world,” the award-winning soap opera Coronation Street is seen as an industry success story. This paper explores how the integration of carbon literacy training (CLT) led to a widespread transformational change of practice within Coronation Street. Using the theoretical lens of Communities of Practice (CoP), this study examines the nature of social learning and the enablers and barriers to change within the organization. Specifically, how boundary spanning practices, objects and people led to the transformation on both a personal and group level. Based on a qualitative analysis of 22 interviews with Heads of Departments and other staff, the paper argues that CLT is a boundary practice which has evolved into a boundary spanning CoP. The importance of infrastructures supporting boundary objects and practices is highlighted as reinforcers of the CLT, both as a boundary object and a community, with the “ultimate” boundary spanning object being the show. A significant enabler in social learning and change in practice is the creation of discursive and creative space, both within CoP and across the boundaries. Findings also highlight the role of “self” in the process of social learning and organizational change. Distinct patterns emerged in the relationship between self-identity, social learning and change across a range of boundary objects, practices and communities both in the CLT and CoP. This suggests that in a diverse social learning setting such as CLT there are different transformational catalysts within the CoP and these identities can influence how knowledge is translated into practice.

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