scholarly journals Bio-Flocculation Property Analyses of Oleaginous Microalgae Auxenochlorella protothecoides UTEX 2341

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2885
Author(s):  
Jinyu Li ◽  
Baozhen Li ◽  
Jinshui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Microalgae Harvesting ◽  
Flocculation Efficiency ◽  
Oleaginous Microalgae ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Flocculation Ability ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Auxenochlorella Protothecoides

The bio-flocculation ability of UTEX 2341 was studied for the purpose of improving microalgae harvesting efficiency to cut the high cost of biofuel production. The algae cells of UTEX 2341 cultured under heterotrophic and municipal wastewater conditions were found to have better self-flocculation ability, with flocculation rates of 92% and 85% at 2 h, respectively. Moreover, the flocculation rates of 16 freeze-dried microalgae powder samples cultured under different stress conditions were 0~72% with an algae powder dosage of 35 mg L−1. The flocculation efficiency of DIM, DCd1, DT28, and L6S was stable under different pH of 3~9 and temperatures of 15~50 °C. For samples of IM, LCd0.6, LMn2, and LZn2, the flocculation efficiency decreased or increased respectively with increased pH or temperatures. Though the flocculation properties of the eight samples showed wide differences, their flocculant compositions were almost the same with unknown components occupying large proportions. More studies needed to be further carried out to reveal the flocculation mechanisms and analyze the flocculation abilities in practical application, which would be conducive to future large-scale application of the bio-flocculation method and also cost reduction.

Membranes and Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 306-336
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
Microalgae Harvesting ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The application of microalgae-based wastewater treatment was first introduced in the 1940s to treat municipal wastewater. Microalgae have been studied for its various potentials such as for nutrients removal, carbon dioxide (CO2) removal, biofuel production from biomass, etc. This chapter focuses on the potential of microalgae membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment, microalgae cultivation, and harvesting. Furthermore, the selection of microalgae species is covered by comparison of nitrogen, phosphorus, COD, and BOD removal from various studies. Microalgae membrane bioreactors combine the biological treatment of microalgae with the conventional membrane bioreactor. Still, membrane fouling phenomenon is a challenge in microalgae membrane technology. Thus, several other technologies of immobilized microalgae are introduced which can potentially reduce the membrane fouling occurrence and concurrently remove the need for microalgae harvesting process.

The sugar and alcohol industry in the biofuels and cogeneration era: a paradigm change (part II)

2014 ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Electo Eduardo Silv Lora ◽  
Mateus Henrique Rocha ◽  
José Carlos Escobar Palacio ◽  
Osvaldo José Venturini ◽  
Maria Luiza Grillo Renó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Alcohol Industry ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Steam Parameters

The aim of this paper is to discuss the major technological changes related to the implementation of large-scale cogeneration and biofuel production in the sugar and alcohol industry. The reduction of the process steam consumption, implementation of new alternatives in driving mills, the widespread practice of high steam parameters use in cogeneration facilities, the insertion of new technologies for biofuels production (hydrolysis and gasification), the energy conversion of sugarcane trash and vinasse, animal feed production, process integration and implementation of the biorefinery concept are considered. Another new paradigm consists in the wide spreading of sustainability studies of products and processes using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the implementation of sustainability indexes. Every approach to this issue has as an objective to increase the economic efficiency and the possibilities of the sugarcane as a main source of two basic raw materials: fibres and sugar. The paper briefly presents the concepts, indicators, state-of-the-art and perspectives of each of the referred issues.

Phosphorescence of naphthalene-labelled colloidal polymer particles. The α-methyl relaxation of one microphase in a multicomponent material

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell A. Winnik ◽  
Onder Pekcan ◽  
M. D. Croucher
Keyword(s):  
Decay Process ◽  
Relaxation Processes ◽  
Pure Pmma ◽  
Phosphorescence Quenching ◽  
Complex Morphology ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Decay Times ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Pmma Particles ◽  
Multicomponent Material

Nonaqueous dispersions of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) particles, sterically stabilized with polyisobutylene (PIB), were prepared with naphthalene (N) groups covalently incorporated into the PMMA chains. These materials have a complex morphology of phase-separated PMMA and PIB microdomains, with the N groups in the PMMA microphases. The phosphorescence intensity and decay times of the N groups were measured as a function of temperature over the range 77–295 K for dispersions in methylcyclohexane and for freeze-dried powder samples. An Arrhenius treatment of the radiationlcss decay rate showed a change in slope at −35 °C. The activation energy for the radiationless decay process is 3.8 kcal/mol in the −35 – +22 °C temperature region, identical to that found for pure PMMA by nmr for chain motion associated with the a-methyl relaxation process. We believe that the phosphorescence experiment is sensitive to the diffusion of oxygen and other impurities in the sample. These rates increase as the temperature is raised, enhancing the rate of phosphorescence quenching. These experiments indicate that phosphorescence measurements on labelled samples are suitable for studying relaxation processes within individual microphases of a polyphasic composite material.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Large-Scale Biofuel Production

BioScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 587-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Giampietro ◽  
Sergio Ulgiati ◽  
David Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Biofuel Production

Effects of Carrier Material and Design on Microalgae Attachment for Biofuel Manufacturing: A Literature Review

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Cui ◽  
Wenqiao Wayne Yuan ◽  
Zhijian Pei
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Surface Wettability ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Algae Biofuels ◽  
Attachment Strength ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Continuous Use

Continuous use of petroleum derived fuels is widely recognized as unsustainable due to depleting supplies and the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the environment. Renewable, carbon neutral transport fuels are needed for environmental and economic sustainabilities. Algae have been demonstrated to be one of the most promising sources for biofuel production. However, large-scale algae production and harvesting for energy manufacturing are too costly using existing methods. The approach of growing algae on solid carriers is innovative and can potentially lead to cost-effective manufacturing of algae biofuels. As cells approach to the solid surface, many factors come in to influence microbial attachment such as the surface wettability, free energy, polarity, roughness and topography. Surface wettability plays an important role in the initial cell attachment. For further contact, surface free energy and polarity are more directly related to cell-substratum attachment strength. Surface roughness and texture are species-specific parameters and have been applied widely in attachment studies.

Biomass logistics analysis for large scale biofuel production: Case study of loblolly pine and switchgrass

2015 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Lu ◽  
Mitch R. Withers ◽  
Navid Seifkar ◽  
Randall P. Field ◽  
Steven R.H. Barrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Biomass Logistics

scholarly journals TESTING OF CHLORELLA/SCENEDESMUS MICROALGAE CONSORTIA FOR REMEDIATION OF WASTEWATER, CO₂ MITIGATION AND ALGAE BIOMASS FEASIBILITY FOR LIPID PRODUCTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judita Koreivienė ◽  
Robertas Valčiukas ◽  
Jūratė Karosienė ◽  
Pranas Baltrėnas
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Algae Biomass

Industry, transport and unsustainable agriculture result in the increased quantity of wastewater, release of nutrients and emission of carbon dioxide that promotes eutrophication of water bodies and global climate change. the application of microalgae for phycoremediation, their biomass use for human needs may increase sustainability and have a positive effect on the regional development. The experiments were carried out in order to establish the feasibility of treating the local municipal wastewater with microalgae consortia and their biomass potential for biofuel production. The results revealed that Chlorella/Scenedesmus consortium eliminated up to 99.7–99.9% of inorganic phosphorus and up to 88.6–96.4% of inorganic nitrogen from the wastewater within three weeks. The ammonium removal was more efficient than that of nitrate. Chlorella algae grew better in diluted, while Scenedesmus – in the concentrated wastewater. The consortium treated wastewater more efficiently than a single species. The maximum biomass (3.04 g/L) of algal consortium was estimated in concentrated wastewater. Algae accumulated 0.65–1.37 g of CO2/L per day in their biomass. Tus, Chlorella/Scenedesmus consortium is a promising tool for nutrients elimination from the local wastewater under the climatic conditions specific to Lithuania. However, none of the two species were able to accumulate lipids under the nitrogen starvation conditions.

scholarly journals Modelling key market impacts and land allocation for biofuel production and forestry

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
A. Korobeinikov ◽  
P. Read ◽  
A. Parshotam ◽  
J. Lermit
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Levels ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

It has been suggested that the large scale use of biofuel, that is, fuel derived from biological materials, especially in combination with reforestation of large areas, can lead to a low-cost reduction of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. In this paper, a model of three markets: fuel, wood products, and land are considered with the aim of evaluating the impact of large scale biofuel production and forestry on these markets, and to estimate the cost of a policy aimed at the reduction of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It is shown that the costs are lower than had been previously expected.

scholarly journals FLOCCULANTS OPTIMIZATION IN HARVESTING FRESHWATER MICROALGAE Haematococcus pluvialis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Dina Soes Putri ◽  
Desy Ambar Sari ◽  
Lulu Diani Zuhdia
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Freshwater Microalgae ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Microalgae Culture ◽  
Flocculation Efficiency ◽  
Harvesting Efficiency ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
Flocculation Process

Microalgae-based researches are one of the interesting topics to date due to its wide applications for commercial industries. One of the vital issues that remain in the production of large-scale microalgae is the harvesting process of microalgae culture. There are several techniques that can be used in harvesting microalgae and each algae will be showing a different result. In this research, the microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis were harvested using flocculation-filtration method. Alum in different dosages, range from 0.25-2 g/L, was used as flocculants and the mixing duration was investigated to seek out the best harvesting efficiency. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the optimum flocculation process was alum addition of 1 g/L culture that continuously stirring for 5 minutes long. In which the flocculation efficiency reaches 94.5%.

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