scholarly journals Research on Regional Differences of the Leisure Agriculture’s Impact on Farmers’ Income—An Empirical Analysis Based on Nonlinear Threshold Regression

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8416
Author(s):  
Yawen Lu ◽  
Binbin Li
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Threshold Regression ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Rural Agriculture ◽  
Industry Convergence ◽  
The Government ◽  
Industry Integration ◽  
The Impact

As a large agricultural country and a populous country, the development of agricultural and rural areas is the foundation for China to realize a national rejuvenation. Leisure agriculture is the main carrier of industry integration in China’s rural areas and it is an effective means to realize rural revitalization and increase farmers’ income. Industry convergence refers to a dynamic development process in which different industries or different areas of the same industry penetrate and intersect each other and finally merge into one, gradually forming a new industry. However, there is no empirical study on the staged impact of rural agriculture on rural household income and regional differences. This article breaks down the action mechanisms, analyzes the linear impact of leisure agriculture on the income of farmers and divides the development types of leisure agriculture according to the characteristics of leisure agriculture development. Using the provincial panel data from 2008 to 2016, the panel dual-threshold regression model was used to verify the regional differences in the impact of leisure agriculture on farmers’ income, from the perspective of leisure agriculture on farmers’ nominal and actual incomes. Then, the robustness model was used to test leisure agriculture’s impact on farmers’ income. The results show that the impact of leisure agriculture on the income of farmers is staged. Among them, the impact of leisure agriculture on the nominal income of farmers is an “inverted U-shaped” structure and the impact on actual income is an “N-type” structure. At the same time, the paper also finds that the regional differences in the impact of leisure agriculture on farmers’ income are significant and the constraints on the development of leisure agriculture in different regions are different. Based on this, it is proposed that the government should respond to the different development stages of leisure agriculture according to the time, and according to the different development areas of leisure agriculture. Responses should also be based on local conditions, and work to strengthen the participation of farmers.

scholarly journals Coupling of Rural Energy Structure and Straw Utilization: Based on Cases in Hebei, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Thomas Dogot ◽  
Xianlei Huang ◽  
Linna Fang ◽  
Changbin Yin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Mode Selection ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Rural Energy ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Government

China’s coal-based energy structure is the main reason for the current high-level air pollution and carbon emissions. Now in the North China Plain, the government is vigorously promoting “coal to gas” and “coal to electricity” in the country and the vast rural areas. The development and utilization of biomass resources in agricultural areas is also an effective means of replacing coal. We propose the idea of forming a complementary rural energy structure of “biogas, briquetting, electricity (BBE)” model based on centralized biogas production (CBP) and straw briquetting fuel (SBF) to improve the rural energy structure. This article uses emergy analysis methods to analyze actual cases. It needs to have strengths and avoid weaknesses in mode selection. The process of the analysis reveals the disadvantages and improvement measures. Under the current capacity load, the emergy input and output, eco-economic indicators, sustainable development indicators, environmental load indicators, and economic value have their own advantages and disadvantages. Assuming 100% capacity load, the indicators have great optimization space. Reducing labor input during the planting phase can effectively reduce emergy input. The government needs to provide corresponding support based on the strengths and weaknesses of the project to keep the project sustainability. The development of complementary integration based on local conditions is an important measure to optimize the energy consumption structure in rural areas and improve the ecological environment.

Impact of Elected Women Representatives of Panchayati Raj in Physical and Financial and Business Assets Development of Rural Women: A Study among the Rural Women’s of Tiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu[1]

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalaichelvi Sivaraman ◽  
Rengasamy Stalin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Panchayati Raj

This research paper is the part of Research Project entitled “Impact of Elected Women Representatives in the Life and Livelihood of the Women in Rural Areas: With Special Reference to Tiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu” funded by University of Madras under UGC-UPE Scheme.The 73rd and 74th amendments of the Constitution of India were made by the government to strengthen the position of women and to create a local-level legal foundation for direct democracy for women in both rural and urban areas. The representation for women in local bodies through reservation policies amendment in Constitution of India has stimulated the political participation of women in rural areas. However, when it’s comes to the argument of whether the women reservation in Panchayati Raj helps or benefits to the life and livelihood development of women as a group? The answer is hypothetical because the studies related to the impact of women representatives of Panchayati Raj in the life and livelihood development of women was very less. Therefore, to fill the gap in existing literature, the present study was conducted among the rural women of Tiruvannamalai district to assess the impact of elected women representatives in the physical and financial and business development of the women in rural areas. The findings revealed that during the last five years because of the women representation in their village Panjayati Raj, the Physical Asset of the rural women were increased or developed moderately (55.8%) and Highly (23.4%) and the Financial and Business Asset of the rural women were increased or developed moderately (60.4%) and Highly (18.7%).

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of the Government and NGOs in Delivering Quality Services for the Rural People of Pakistan: Community Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 203-225
Author(s):  
Mohsin Khan ◽  
Jetnor Kasmi ◽  
Abdul Saboor ◽  
Iftikhar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Often the government and the non-governmental organisations (NGOs) are criticised for their poor performances in delivering services particularly in rural areas. However, there has been limited research on the assessment of their relative performances in service delivery as well as on the perceptions of people on the quality of such service delivery. This study examines the relative performances of NGOs and the governmental development interventions that provide basic services including public health, education, drinking water and sanitation. The study explains the impact of agricultural extension services and infrastructure such as access to roads and markets on the rural people and measures the satisfaction level of the rural community. For this purpose, 225 households (HHs) in 8 villages of Phalia Tehsil, district Mandi Bahauddin, Punjab, Pakistan were first surveyed in 2010 and then in 2014 using a structured questionnaire. The findings reveal different satisfaction levels of HHs, with most of them expressing less satisfaction on government service delivery compared with NGOs. They reveal satisfaction over the performance of NGOs in health, drinking water supplies and agriculture extension services. Further, the study shows an increasing satisfaction of people on access to road, transport, agri-market and price of agri-commodities by the government.

scholarly journals A Study on the Impact of Schemes and Programmes of Government of India on Agriculture to Increase Productivity, Profitability, Financial Inclusion, and Welfare of Farmers to Transform them into Modern Society

2021 ◽  
pp. 231-243
Author(s):  
Mahesh K. M. ◽  
P. S. Aithal ◽  
Sharma K. R. S.
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The foremost intent of this research article is to create awareness about various schemes for the productive sector of agriculture. Through this study, the level of performance of these agricultural schemes and programmes were analysed that will be helpful for the attainment of financial inclusion. Hence it is necessary to know about various schemes and their making to connect the beneficiaries. Agriculture is the basic source of food supply, production, processing, promotion and distribution. Agricultural products contribute to Gross Domestic Product (G.D.P.) and generate employment in rural areas. They transform the lives of the farmers in modern society. The government of India has introduced Minimum Support Price (MPS), MIF, PMKSY, PMFBY, e-NAM, PM-KISAN, PMJDY, PM-KUSUM, PKVY, NAMS, and MGNREGS. The mobile app KisanSuvidha and innovative programmes like Kisan Rail, KrishiUdaan double the farmers’ Income (DFI). These help in transforming village economy, coverage of irrigation, crop insurance, and stabilizing the income. They also ensure financial support, flow of credit and Direct Benefit transfer of subsidies and funds to beneficiaries. Adopting modern technology, farm-based activity, poultry, dairy, forestry, beekeeping and with the support of SHGs which will directly impact productivity, profitability, financial inclusion, and the welfare of farmers in the 21st century and development of the country’s economy. Design/ methodology/approaches: This study is all about the theoretical concepts based on analysis of various schemes and interconnect. Findings and results: This study reveals that the effectiveness of various agricultural programs and also identifies the benefits and beneficiaries of these schemes. Under this research, various financial services, subsidies, funds released, online platform for agricultural products, funds for micro-irrigation, and so on benefits provided by the government of India were studied. Originality/value: Analysed the various schemes and compelled its beneficiaries and develop a modern to achieve financial inclusion and economic growth through the study. Type of Paper: Research Analysis.

Impact of Surplus Labor Existence on Land Lease Market in Rural Central Java

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Ernoiz Antriyandarti ◽  
Susi Wuri Ani
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Surplus Labor ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Objective - The Indonesian rice sector seems to lose global competitiveness, and the government intervenes in the market to achieve food self-sufficiency. Particularly, in the main rice producing areas of Central Java, the rice sector does not have a comparative and competitive advantage due to small farm size. Then, we need to investigate the reasons why the farm sizes of rice producers are still small. Methodology/Technique - We hypothesize that the existence of surplus labor in rural areas restrains farm size enlargement. Therefore, we need to examine the existence of surplus labor in study area. By using the empirical model of the Cobb Douglas production function, we test the hypothesis of surplus labor. The estimation result shows that there is a surplus of labor in the study area. Findings - In addition, we examine the impact of surplus labor on land lease market in rural area. This study proves empirically that there is surplus labor in rural areas; therefore, farmers have difficulty finding job opportunities in sectors other than farming. In such a case, they prefer to cultivate rather than lease their land. Novelty - This result implies that the existence of surplus labor restricts the number of land lease contract. As a result, the land lease supply in the land lease market has become very limited. Thus, the existence of surplus labor in rural areas would be a constraint of farm size enlargement. This is the first study which explores the relationship between surplus labor and land lease market in the main rice producer area in Central Java. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Impact; Existence; Surplus Labour; Land Lease Market; Farm Size Enlargement. JEL Classification: E24, H83.

scholarly journals PENGENALAN PERPUSTAKAAN KEPADA ANAK USIA DINI

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-172
Author(s):  
Lusi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Absolute Necessity ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Good For ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reading Interest

Abstract: There are many factors behind why Indonesian people do not like literature, so the impact is the lack of interest in reading in Indonesia, especially in rural areas. Introducing the library as a means of information which is an absolute necessity of the community in the information age needs to be done. Awareness of the importance of this library should be fostered since childhood, therefore the thing that needs to be done is to provide adequate facilities / good for children's libraries. But before moving in that direction, the children's soul must be understood and what kind of information is needed by the children. Therefore it is necessary for the active involvement of various parties such as parents, teachers and the government to foster interest in reading early on by introducing the library early on. However, it is difficult to expect children and adolescents to come to the library without any precise effort and resources pull from the library itself. The lack of attention to the elements intended to extend the reading interest of Indonesian people, especially for people in rural areas.Keywords: Library, Early ChildhoodAbstrak : Banyak faktor yang melatarbelakangi mengapa masyarakat Indonesia kurang suka ke pustaka, maka dampaknya adalah kurangnya minat baca di Indonesia khusus lagi bagian pedesaan. Memperkenalkan  perpustakaan sebagai salah satu sarana informasi yang merupakan kebutuhan mutlak masyarakat dalam era informasi perlu dilakukan. Kesadaran akan pentingnya perpustakaan ini memang sebaiknya dipupuk sejak kecil, oleh karena itu hal yang perlu dilakukan adalah menyediakan fasilitas yang memadai/baik untuk perpustakaan anak-anak. Akan tetapi sebelum melangkah ke arah itu, harus pula dipahami jiwa anak-anak tersebut dan informasi yang seperti apa yang dibutuhkan oleh anak-anak. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya keterlibatan secara aktif dari berbagai pihak seperti orangtua, guru dan pemerintah untuk menumbuhkan minat baca sejak dini dengan memperkenalkan perpustakaan sejak dini.Akan tetapi, sulit mengharapkan anak-anak dan remaja untuk datang ke perpustakaan tanpa ada upaya yang jitu dan daya tarik dari perpustakaan itu sendiri. Kurangnya perhatian elemen-elemen  yang dimaksudkan memperpanjang daya minat baca masyarakat Indonesia, khusus bagi masyarakat yang ada di pedesaan.Kata kunci : Perpustakaan, Anak Usia Dini

scholarly journals Household Level Impact Assessment of MGNREGA Scheme

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 543-549
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Wage Employment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Employment Guarantee ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Impact

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (MGNREGA) has been notified by the Government of India on 7th September 2005 with the primary objective of enhancing the livelihood security of the unskilled labors in the rural areas of the country by providing guaranteed wage employment to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. The MGNREGA, which is one of the flagship projects of the government, promises 100 days of work per year to the unemployed at a CPI inflation-indexed wage rate. As there is an increase in the disposable income on account of the implementation of the scheme, it is expected that the standard of living and the expenditure pattern of the household covered under the MGNREGA scheme would undergo a tremendous change. As most of the expenditure of the rural households covered under the scheme is supposed to be drastically changed, it is felt that there is a need to study the impact of the scheme on these households. This paper is an extract from a Ph. D Thesis titled Household and Village Level Impact of MGNREGS on Governance at the Grassroots: An Assessment of Gram Panchayats in Tamil Nadu. Submitted to the Gandhigram Rural Institute – Deemed to be University

scholarly journals Food Decisions of Low-Income Families in the Era of COVID-19: A Qualitative Exploration

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 250-250
Author(s):  
Eleni Spyreli ◽  
Michelle McKinley ◽  
Jayne Woodside ◽  
Colette Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economically Disadvantaged ◽  
Food Shopping ◽  
Food Planning ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Disadvantaged Families

Abstract Objectives The first lockdown enforced in the United Kingdom to limit the spread of COVID-19 had serious financial consequences for some lower-income households, which were already at risk of suboptimal food choices. Particularly in Northern Ireland, where 10% of the population live in food insecure households, the pandemic has potentially further exacerbated the nutritional challenges experienced by low-income families. This paper aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on food-related decisions as experienced by economically disadvantaged families in Northern Ireland, UK. Methods A qualitative study collected data through online individual interviews. Participation was open to parents of children 2–17 years old who self-identified as living on a tight budget in urban and rural areas of Northern Ireland. A sampling matrix enabled equal representation of single- and two-parent households, as well as younger (<12 y) and older children (>12 y). Photovoice and participatory mapping techniques were employed to capture participant data. A thematic approach was utilised for data analysis. Results A total of 12 interviews were conducted. Five distinct themes were found, reflecting families’ food-related decisions that were affected by the COVID-19 lockdown: 1) food planning; 2) food purchasing; 3) meal preparation; 4) eating and feeding behaviours and 5) eating food prepared outside the house. Changes included an increase in home food preparation, but also in unhealthy snacking. Fear of being exposed to carriers of the virus led to infrequent food shopping and greater reliance on supermarket home deliveries. Long waiting times in-between food shops encouraged food planning but were also a barrier to providing daily fresh foods including fruit and vegetables to their families. Financial constraints were exacerbated during lockdown and led to a search for new ways to budget when food shopping. Food donations from the community and the government were important to maintain food security, particularly in single-parent families. Conclusions This study highlights that the COVID-19 lockdown influenced a broad range of dietary decisions of economically disadvantaged families and offers an insight into the nutritional challenges they experienced. Funding Sources The work was completed with financial support from internal funds of Queens University Belfast.

scholarly journals Urgensi Omnibus Law (Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja) Terhadap Hak Masyarakat Adat di Wilayah Pesisir

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Dolfries J Neununy
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Political Approach ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Introductioan: Substantial application of the Omnibus Law (Cipta Kerja) for the rights of indigenous peoples in coastal areas.Purposes of the Research: Reviewing and analyzing the impact of the Copyright Act on indigenous peoples in coastal areas.Methods of the Research: The research was conducted through normative legal research with a political approach to review and analyze legislation or other legal materials related to the Urgency of Omnibus Law on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in coastal areas.Results of the Research: The presence of the Omnisbus Law will have a positive impact on the community from the aspect of legal knowledge that people belonging to the scientific community can understand the purpose of the government to implement the Omnisbus Law but from the other side the ordinary people who are in coastal areas and remote rural areas do not understand well the application of the Omnisbus Law so that protection is important.

scholarly journals PREVENTION OF TORTURE ON THE TEMPORARILY OCCUPIED TERRITORIES OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
Kh. Yamelska
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
The State ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
European Court ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
The Government ◽  
Legal Pressure ◽  
The Impact

The article reveals the content of armed aggression and the legal status of the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. Russia's aggression against Ukraine is considered in historical retrospect. Cases of torture and other ill-treatment on the temporarily occupied territories have been demonstrated in specific cases. The article examines the state of human rights on the temporarily occupied territories, namely the prevention of torture and other ill-treatment. Ways to prevent torture and ill-treatment in order to respect human rights and maintain the rule of law have been identified. The author determined that system of counteraction to aggression of Russia, which consists the political, legal and economic means, includes the prevention of torture and ill-treatment.The author notes that the adoption of UN GA resolutions and other documents of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe are new elements of increasing legal pressure on Russia. The submission of interstate applications by the Government of Ukraine to the European Court of Human Rights against the Russian Federation is one of the effective means of preventing torture. The article reveals the impact of expert and advocacy activities of non-governmental human rights organizations on the prevention of torture and the state of human rights on the temporarily occupied territories. It is noted that maintaining contacts with the citizens of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, constant informing, as well as obtaining information by the Ukrainian side on the state of human rights in the temporarily occupied territory provides an opportunity to partially prevent such violations and allow future reintegration of these territories. Keywords: prevention of torture, temporarily occupied territories, armed aggression, observance of human rights.

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