scholarly journals On the Remuneration to Electrical Utilities and Budgetary Allocation for Substation Maintenance Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10125
Author(s):  
Pedro J. Zarco-Periñán ◽  
José L. Martínez-Ramos ◽  
Fco. Javier Zarco-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Electrical Utilities ◽  
Budgetary Allocation

The liberalization of electricity markets has produced a great change in electrical utilities. One of these changes has affected the methodology for setting their remuneration. Depending on the country, these are different. Despite the wide range of remuneration methodologies for the electricity market of each country, they all feature one common element: the remuneration of operation and maintenance. One of the messages that this remuneration transmits is the need to extend the useful life of the facilities to allow sustainable development. This article focuses on the remuneration schemes of electrical utilities, the classification of substations for the definition of their maintenance programs, and the budget allocation for the execution of maintenance in these critical infrastructures. The particularity of these facilities, in which it is generally necessary to de-energize some of their parts for maintenance, has also been taken into account. To this end, a simple methodology currently used is presented based on the standardization of the bays of the substations and their classification into levels of importance. This classification into levels enables the facilities to be grouped according to similarities in their maintenance plans, although they differ from each other in terms of the periodicity of the application of maintenance procedures. This methodology guarantees a similar distribution of maintenance activities and financial needs over the years. In addition, the methodology allows one to know the importance of each substation (since the greater the equivalent weight, the greater the importance). Finally, the application of the proposed methodology in a real case is presented. It shows the simplicity, effectiveness, and lamination of the budgetary allocation of the proposed methodology, this being the main contribution of the formulation.

scholarly journals On Distributional Effects in Local Electricity Market Designs—Evidence from a German Case Study

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Lüth ◽  
Jens Weibezahn ◽  
Jan Martin Zepter
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
User Participation ◽  
German Market ◽  
Distributional Effects ◽  
National Regulation ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One ◽  
Energy Community

The European Commission’s call for energy communities has motivated academia to focus research on design and trading concepts of local electricity markets. The literature provides a wide range of conceptual ideas and analyses on the technical and economic framework of single market features such as peer-to-peer trading. The feasible, system-wide integration of energy communities into existing market structures requires, however, a set of legal adjustments to national regulation. In this paper, we test the implications of recently proposed market designs under the current rules in the context of the German market. The analysis is facilitated by a simplistic equilibrium model representing heterogeneous market participants in an energy community with their respective objectives. We find that, on the one hand, these proposed designs are financially unattractive to prosumers and consumers under the current regulatory framework. On the other hand, they even cause distributional effects within the community when local trade and self-consumption are exempt from taxes. To this end, we introduce a novel market design—Tech4all—that counterbalances these effects. With only few legal amendments, it allows for ownership and participation of renewable technologies for all community members independent of their property structure and affluence. Our presented analysis shows that this design has the potential to mitigate both distributional effects and the avoidance of system service charges, while simultaneously increasing end-user participation.

scholarly journals Load Forecasting for a Campus University Using Ensemble Methods Based on Regression Trees

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2038 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Ruiz-Abellón ◽  
Antonio Gabaldón ◽  
Antonio Guillamón
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Load Forecasting ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Ensemble Methods ◽  
Regression Trees ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Objective Being

Load forecasting models are of great importance in Electricity Markets and a wide range of techniques have been developed according to the objective being pursued. The increase of smart meters in different sectors (residential, commercial, universities, etc.) allows accessing the electricity consumption nearly in real time and provides those customers with large datasets that contain valuable information. In this context, supervised machine learning methods play an essential role. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of using ensemble methods based on regression trees in short-term load forecasting. To illustrate this task, four methods (bagging, random forest, conditional forest, and boosting) are applied to historical load data of a campus university in Cartagena (Spain). In addition to temperature, calendar variables as well as different types of special days are considered as predictors to improve the predictions. Finally, a real application to the Spanish Electricity Market is developed: 48-h-ahead predictions are used to evaluate the economical savings that the consumer (the campus university) can obtain through the participation as a direct market consumer instead of purchasing the electricity from a retailer.

Legal Regulation of Competition at Electricity Retail Markets

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Barkov ◽  
Eugene Vengerovskiy ◽  
Natalia Zalyubovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Competitive Relations ◽  
National Competition ◽  
Business Entities

The article considers some features of the competitive relation formation in the electric power industry, a major economy sector. In particular, the paper analyzes the electricity retail market operation and the need for competition promotion, it is associated there with a wide range of consumers, which adds high social significance to the effective operation of relations emerging in this area. The author concludes that the retail electricity market needs to increase private funds and decrease state participation, which will contribute to a wider range of service consumers. The article considers some special aspects on how to ensure the dominant position of power supply companies, as well as defines main barriers for business entities to enter retail electricity markets. It also reviews the best foreign practices that regulate energy retail companies (by the example of the Nordic countries) and offers some options of legal receptions in this area. Moreover, it analyzes the Russian legislation novelties in the field of competition at the electricity markets, in particular, the tariff regulation of electricity distributors by the method of reference costs. Also, the article specifies some proposals on how to improve the legislation that regulates competitive relations at the electric energy market within the National Competition Development Plan.

Conceptual Expansion and Approaches to the Concept of Alternative Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-282
Author(s):  
Dev Narayan Sarkar ◽  
Kaushik Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Principal Components ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Qualitative Data Analysis Software ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Alternative Economy

Researchers have emphasized upon the significance of alternative economy. Inferences from past studies, and the suggestions on the characteristics of alternative economic networks, are manifested in studies concerning multiple disciplines. The present study explores the definitional aspects and the facets of alternative economic networks. The analysis of a wide range of literature, sampled in the present study, employed a disciplined literature discovery process with Max Qualitative Data Analysis software to produce a tabulation of characteristics of “alternative economy”/“community economy”/“social economy.” Furthermore, these characteristics were studied through a statistical content analysis of relevant literature, and an importance-based classification of the characteristics was developed. Principal components analysis was used to distinguish thematic clusters within extant literature. These principal components were used to construct a definition of alternative economy. The present study subsequently analyzed the temporal evolution of the possible characteristics of alternative economy as proposed by scholars. The facets of alternative economy, thus identified, may be utilized for supplementary empirical studies in the context of alternative economic networks.

scholarly journals INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL OF THE ENTERPRISE, ITS ESSENCE AND STRUCTURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1(66)) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Y.A. NAZARENKO
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of

Topicality. The transition of developed countries to postindustrial society caused increased attention to the research of intellectual capital of enterprises. Purpose and tasks. The purpose of the article is to systematize approaches to the definition of "intellectual capital" and its structure. Results. The systematization of different approaches to the definition of intellectual capital, which was carried out by I. Proskvirina, showed a lack of a common point of view on this phenomenon. This is due to the interdisciplinary nature of the study of intellectual capital. R. Gavrilova divided the existing definitions of �intellectual capital� into three groups, respectively, from the point of view of management, accounting, and human capital. Existing views on the structure of intellectual capital are based on the classification of its element, proposed by T. Stewart - human, organizational and client capital. Considered ideas about the structure of intellectual capital are very similar and include human capital, organizational and client capital. some representations also include emotional capital, process capital, intellectual property, market assets, etc. All types of capital that are part of the structure of intellectual capital, with the exception of human capital, have not received wide recognition and have not been studied by a wide range of scientists. This does not allow to establish conformity with the existing generally accepted views on types of capital and does not allow the use of the results of numerous studies on these types of capital (social capital, intangible assets). In this regard, the author's vision is the structure of intellectual capital, consisting of human capital, intangible assets and social capital. This made it possible to propose a new definition of �intellectual capital�. Conclusions. The proposed definition of �intellectual capital�, its structure and its components allows it to be considered not only in relation to enterprises, but also at the regional and national levels. This opens up new opportunities for assessing intellectual capital, using existing methods for evaluating human capital, intangible assets and social capital.

Methods of measurement of leadership in business (supplementary materials for lectures and tutorials)

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-113
Author(s):  
V.L. Ustyuzhanin
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Corporate Management ◽  
Corporate Leadership ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methods Of Measurement

The article, addressed to a wide range of readers interested in the problems of modern corporate management, but above all — University teachers, graduate students and students, identifies and comments on existing approaches to the definition of corporate leadership. The result of the study is the author's classification of the world's leading companies in the automotive, pharmaceutical and oil and gas industries.

A Travel Blog as a Space for Creation and Communication of Travel Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (0) ◽  
pp. 119-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Travel Blog ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose. The purpose of this article is to present the variety of travel models which are conveyed and promoted by amateur travel blogs. Methods. The research sample was constituted on the bases of selected Polish travel blogs which promote travel models. The basic criteria for the selection of these particular blogs was the representativeness and popularity among readers. The testing method was content analysis of selected blogs. Findings. The present study suggests a classification of travel blogs. The research hypothesis claiming that the authors of travel blogs publicize travel models was confirmed. Research and conclusions limitations. The study is focused only on amateur travel blogs which are written in Polish. During the process of research, the author focused on a range of topics of the posts as well as on the publication genres. The present study includes blogs about world travels, travelling with children as well asdogs and low-cost travels. Practical implications. The results of this study indicate a wide range of possible future research studies regarding travel blogs from different perspectives. Originality. This article attempts to establish the definition of a travel model and the main characteristics of a travel blogger which aspire to become a travelebrity. A classification of travel blogs using the 'travel model' key is also provided. Type of paper. The article presents the results of empirical research conducted by the author.

scholarly journals Modern International and Domestic Tendencies in the Development of Winemaking Industry as Result of Efficient Interaction of Stakeholders

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (517) ◽  
pp. 323-329
Author(s):  
O. V. Portna ◽  
◽  
H. Y. Herehiieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
International Market ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

The winemaking industry plays a significant role both in the world economy and in the national one, is an important part of the world economy in general and Ukraine in particular, being a significant budget-forming component. The article is aimed at improving, on the basis of the study of modern international and domestic tendencies in the sphere of winemaking, the classification of stakeholders in the development of enterprises of the viticulture and winemaking industry, the effective interaction of which will ensure the active functioning and success of the wine business. Based on the analysis of modern international and domestic tendencies in the development of the winemaking industry, it is specified that the geography of winemaking is gradually expanding throughout the world. The winemaking industry is developing steadily at the world level, the dynamics of international trade in wine is positive and is determined by many players in the international market and leaders around the world. In Ukraine, due to the large number of factors, the winemaking industry is narrowing, imports significantly exceed exports. Under such conditions, the search and introduction of effective principles for improving the efficiency of functioning and development of industry enterprises becomes urgent. Such principles are the definition of stakeholders in the development of industry enterprises for their active involvement in cooperation and effective interaction. Application of stakeholder-oriented approaches in the processes of stabilization and development of enterprises in the winemaking industry will balance the interests of consumers, customers, that is, a wide range of stakeholders, and increase the efficiency of their interaction. Prospects for further research are to determine the threshold values of the stakeholders’ stimulating, neutral and destimulating influences.

scholarly journals Natural Polyphenols: Chemical Classification, Definition of Classes, Subcategories, and Structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 1397-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev K Singla ◽  
Ashok K Dubey ◽  
Arun Garg ◽  
Ramesh K Sharma ◽  
Marco Fiorino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Chemical Classification ◽  
Natural Polyphenols ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Phenyl Rings ◽  
Phenolic Substances ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Background: Polyphenols are natural compounds synthesized exclusively by plants with chemical features related to phenolic substances and eliciting strong antioxidants properties. Objective: The aim of this paper is to give a reliable overview of the chemical classification of natural polyphenols. Methods: Literature survey was done through google scholar, pubmed and scopus search engine. Results and Discussion: These molecules or classes of natural substances are characterized by two phenyl rings at least and one or more hydroxyl substituents. This description comprehends a large number of heterogeneous compounds with reference to their complexity. Therefore, polyphenols can be simply classified into flavonoids and non-flavonoids, or be subdivided in many sub-classes depending on the number of phenol units within their molecular structure, substituent groups, and/or the linkage type between phenol units. Polyphenols are widely distributed in plant tissues where they mainly exist in form of glycosides or aglycones. The structural diversity of flavonoid molecules arises from variations in hydroxylation pattern and oxidation state resulting in a wide range of compounds: flavanols, anthocyanidins, anthocyanins, isoflavones, flavones, flavonols, flavanones, and flavanonols.

scholarly journals Definition of Digital Economy for the Purposes of Statistical Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
E. N. Klochkova ◽  
P. E. Prokhorov
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
English Language ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Statistical Methodology ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Key Terms

The international agenda for the development of monitoring of digital transformation stimulates the development of a statistical methodology for measuring phenomena and processes in the digital economy. The barrier to the formation of a set of interrelated and comparable indicators of the development of the digital economy is the lack of a definition of this concept that would satisfy all interested parties.To date, experts from various fields of science have proposed a wide range of definitions of the digital economy. Based on the various properties and effects of digitalization, experts characterize the digital economy not only as a phenomenon in economic activity but also as a sociocultural phenomenon. Many of the proposed definitions are theoretical in nature and do not fully satisfy the needs of empirical research.The objective of this study is to formulate a definition of the digital economy for statistical research.Therefore, the authors reviewed the works analyzing various definitions of the digital economy, and, accordingly, the sources that proposed definitions of the digital economy.Due to plethora of digital economy definitions, to reveal the essence of this concept the authors used statistical text analysis (Text Mining) tools, which made it possible to identify a set of key terms defining digital economy. For analysis, was built a text corpus, consisting of 105 English-language and Russian-language definitions taken from various sources, including documents of state strategic planning, publications of international organizations, analytical materials of consulting companies and articles of individual authors.Thus, the study analyzed the concept of the digital economy for the period and nature of origin, and also proposed an approach based on which an operational definition of the digital economy was developed that meets the relevant principles. However, to identify the digital economy as an object of statistical research, along with the proposed definition, it is necessary to develop a classification of elements of the infrastructure of the digital economy, all of which will allow the formation of an agreed system of tatistical indicators.

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