scholarly journals Assessing the Availability of Global Metals and Minerals for the Sustainable Century: From Aluminium to Zirconium

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10855
Author(s):  
Gavin M. Mudd
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Mine Production ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Technology Market ◽  
Social Environmental

Mining supplies metals and minerals to meet the material and energy needs of the modern world. Typically, mineral resources are widely considered to be ‘finite’ in nature, yet, paradoxically, global production and reported reserves and resources continue to grow. This paper synthesizes an extensive array of data on the long-term trends in cumulative mine production, reserves and resources at a global level as well detailed case studies of Australia, a global leader in many sectors of mining, and lithium, a new metal with rapidly growing demand. Overall, the paper shows that growing mine production has been clearly matched by growing reserves and resources, although there are numerous complex social, environmental and governance factors which are already affecting mines and are expected to increasingly affect mining into the future. Thus it is not possible at present to determine the ‘ultimately recoverable resource’, especially as this is a dynamic quantity dependent on a variety of inter-related factors (e.g., exploration, social issues, technology, market dynamics, environmental risks, governance aspects, etc.). This finding reinforces the need for continuing detailed studies of all metals and minerals to understand their individual supply and use dynamics to help modern society meet its needs and sustainable development goals.

Social conflicts, philosophical accumulation, and advertisements in the 21st century

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
İncilay Yurdakul
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Information Organization ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

Heidegger, Nietzsche, and Foucault associated the human existence with the power of questioning and action of freedom. Despite the action of freedom of human being as a being with questioning power, the society has become a surveillance community. According to Foucault, these two states are in a delicate balance. Man in a liberation act gets into a state of protesting and becomes rebellious when his/her private life and rights are threatened. The social life turns into a state of resistance and chaos with the rebellions of the poor and the other marginal groups. According to Foucault, the government has to face the new information, organization, and challenge of opinion groups. These views point to the existence of serious contradictions and conflicts in the society while looking at the society with philosophical evaluations. For example, the series of global conferences, TED, which started off with the slogan ‘Ideas Worth Spreading’, published Ads Worth Spreading list in its 3rd year. These consisted of the most effective 10 advertising films of the previous year. Advertisements provide a large spectrum from social responsibility projects to inspiring projects and from entertaining works to advertisements proposing complex ideas. In these advertisements, properties such as innovation and encouragement, etc. are rewarded.These advertisements are not the advertisements of the capitalist system which instigate over-consumption, but they are the advertisements which see the social issues, conflicts and contradictions, and emphasize and question those issues. The most powerful, well-known, and successful advertising agencies are in an elite position in these evaluations. For example, we can mention ‘Young and Rubicam’ and ‘Saatchi and Saatchi’. Another view which the advertisements studied in this paper are based on was the post-modern society evaluations of Baudrillard. He proposed the term simulation to show that the post-modern world took the place of the real and concrete as a virtual-reality. The philosopher emphasized at this point that the post-modern society became a world of images and signs. According to Baudrillard, revolution and freedom are structures that entrap the individuals in an array of simulation. Noteworthy advertisements of the advertising companies selected by The Top Consolidated Agency Net Works in 2013 by Estimated World Wide Revenues will be analyzed according to the views of the contemporary philosophy thinkers.Evaluations were made in accordance with the conflicts and contradictions in the society by approaching through the windows of concepts, ideas and designs created in the 21st century world by the creative and skilled designers of these companies.Study: was completed with the review of the literature, watching and analyzing the advertisements, and discussing and examining them through the philosophical accumulation created by the era. In this respect, the views of the expert views as well as the views of the average audience of the consumer society were included in the study.Conclusion: The study tried to answer the question “In line with the social conflict, contradiction, and changes, can advertisements be extraordinary despite being in the capitalist production system?”  Keywords: Communication, advertising, ads worth spreading, philosophy, critics, show society.

Three questions to political economy (An attempt of system introspection)

2018 ◽  
pp. 118-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Kleiner
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Linear Component ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
System Paradigm

The development of the system paradigm in economic science leads to the formulation of a number of important questions to the political economy as one of the basic directions of economic theory. In this article, on the basis of system introspection, three questions are considered. The first is the relevance of the class approach to the structuring of the socio-economic space; the second is the feasibility of revising the notion of property in the modern world; the third is the validity of the notion of changing formations as the sequence of “slave-owning system — feudal system — capitalist system”. It is shown that in modern society the system approach to the structuring of socio-economic space is more relevant than the class one. Today the classical notion of “property” does not reflect the diversity of production and economic relations in society and should be replaced by the notion of “system property”, which provides a significant expansion of the concepts of “subject of property” and “object of property”. The change of social formations along with the linear component has a more influential cyclic constituent and obeys the system-wide cyclic regularity that reflects the four-cycle sequence of the dominance of one of the subsystems of the macrosystem: project, object, environment and process.

Environmental and Climate Declarations as Tools for Exporting Russian Construction Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 786 (11) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
A.V. DERBENEV ◽  
◽  
D.M. VADIVASOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Management ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Environmental Agreements ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
The Russian Federation

Environmental protection, climate change, and the protection of the planet’s biodiversity are becoming top priorities in modern society. Environmental agreements, while important and necessary, including for achieving sustainable development goals, impose additional restrictions on products and producers of these products. These restrictions can be used by countries to create barriers to the import of construction materials. Countries that have ratified environmental agreements may restrict the import of products that do not meet environmental requirements or criteria in one way or another. International environmental management tools are described, in particular environmental and climate declarations, which can serve as tools for solving the problem of possible restrictions and barriers in the export of construction materials produced in the Russian Federation.

Key technologies of the modern digital economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
N. Rodigina ◽  
S. Moleva ◽  
M. Logina ◽  
V. Musikhin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Positive Results

This article is devoted to digitalization as a challenge of the modern world economy. The digital revolution has changed our lives and societies with unprecedented speed and scale, providing huge opportunities as well as daunting challenges. New technologies can make a significant contribution to achieving sustainable development goals, but positive results should not be taken for granted.

Changes in environment as cause for environmentally induced migration of people

2017 ◽  
pp. 527-537
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ljustina
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Complex Relation ◽  
Environmental Migration ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Adequate Definition ◽  
The Subject

Migration is one of the oldest and most used strategies for overcoming negative social issues. Despite the fact that it is historically deeply rooted, environmental migration as a social phenomenon has only recently become the subject research of numerous scientific fields. However, the study of current environmental migration is characterized by a number of issues, such as absence of an adequate definition and multi-causality of environmental migration. In this paper, through conceptual framework, author analyzed two main questions: who are environmental migrants and what reasons cause environmental migration. Due to the destruction of the global environmental balance, as well as accumulated environmental disturbances, it is likely that environmental migration will increase in future and there is nowhere you cannot make more use of scientific and professional projection of the future than in demographic and environmental spheres of human life. There is no doubt that our future is unpredictable. However, the environmental factors influencing the pattern of human interaction with the environment must be taken into account when projecting future development of the modern society. Such is the context in which the complex relation among migration, change and the environment has to be studied. In order to establish the basis for controlling environmental migration caused by negative changes in the environment, it is necessary to adopt a consistent strategy instead of ad hoc activities that are being used. In this paper, author analyzed societal response for the challenges caused by environmental migration, specifically regarding actions related to governing environmental migrations.

A University Education

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Willetts
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
University Education ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Universities have a crucial role in the modern world. In England, entrance to universities is by nation-wide competition which means English universities have an exceptional influence on schools--a striking theme of the book. This important book first investigates the university as an institution and then tracks the individual on their journey to and through university. In A University Education, David Willetts presents a compelling case for the ongoing importance of the university, both as one of the great institutions of modern society and as a transformational experience for the individual. The book also makes illuminating comparisons with higher education in other countries, especially the US and Germany. Drawing on his experience as UK Minister for Universities and Science from 2010 to 2014, the author offers a powerful account of the value of higher education and the case for more expansion. He covers controversial issues in which he was involved from access for disadvantaged students to the introduction of L9,000 fees. The final section addresses some of the big questions for the future, such as the the relationship between universities and business, especially in promoting innovation.. He argues that the two great contemporary trends of globalisation and technological innovation will both change the university significantly. This is an authoritative account of English universities setting them for the first time in their new legal and regulatory framework.

scholarly journals A Framework for Evaluating and Disclosing the ESG Related Impacts of AI with the SDGs

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8503
Author(s):  
Henrik Skaug Sætra
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Sustainability Reporting ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Ripple Effects ◽  
The Core ◽  
Social Governance ◽  
Ai Ethics ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Corporate Social

Artificial intelligence (AI) now permeates all aspects of modern society, and we are simultaneously seeing an increased focus on issues of sustainability in all human activities. All major corporations are now expected to account for their environmental and social footprint and to disclose and report on their activities. This is carried out through a diverse set of standards, frameworks, and metrics related to what is referred to as ESG (environment, social, governance), which is now, increasingly often, replacing the older term CSR (corporate social responsibility). The challenge addressed in this article is that none of these frameworks sufficiently capture the nature of the sustainability related impacts of AI. This creates a situation in which companies are not incentivised to properly analyse such impacts. Simultaneously, it allows the companies that are aware of negative impacts to not disclose them. This article proposes a framework for evaluating and disclosing ESG related AI impacts based on the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The core of the framework is here presented, with examples of how it forces an examination of micro, meso, and macro level impacts, a consideration of both negative and positive impacts, and accounting for ripple effects and interlinkages between the different impacts. Such a framework helps make analyses of AI related ESG impacts more structured and systematic, more transparent, and it allows companies to draw on research in AI ethics in such evaluations. In the closing section, Microsoft’s sustainability reporting from 2018 and 2019 is used as an example of how sustainability reporting is currently carried out, and how it might be improved by using the approach here advocated.

scholarly journals Sustainable Streetscape and Built Environment Designs around BRT Stations: A Stated Choice Experiment Using 3D Visualizations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6594
Author(s):  
Ahmad Adeel ◽  
Bruno Notteboom ◽  
Ansar Yasar ◽  
Kris Scheerlinck ◽  
Jeroen Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Mass Transit ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Housing Projects ◽  
The Road ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Set Up

The incompatibility between the microscale-built environment designs around mass transit stations and stakeholders’ preferences causes dissatisfaction and inconvenience. The lack of a pedestrian-friendly environment, uncontrolled development patterns, traffic and parking issues make the street life vulnerable and unattractive for users, and affect the mass transit usage. How to design the streetscapes around mass transit stations to provide a user-friendly street environment is a crucial question to achieve sustainable transit-oriented development goals. To recognize the specific attributes of streetscape environment relevant in local context of BRT Lahore, this paper presents the results of a visual preference experiment in which nine attributes of built environment were systematically varied across choice sets. Multinomial logit models were set up to identify the preferences of three target groups: BRT users, commercial building users and residents at different locations. The research indicates that not only the road-related factors (bike lane and sidewalk widths, crossings facilities, street greenery) have a significant influence on people’s preference but also that building heights, and the typology of buildings and housing projects around BRT corridor have shaped these preferences. When planning and designing urban design projects around mass transit projects, these significant attributes should be considered.

scholarly journals Ordering Artificial Intelligence Based Recommendations to Tackle the SDGs with a Decision-Making Model Based on Surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6038
Author(s):  
Sergio Alonso ◽  
Rosana Montes ◽  
Daniel Molina ◽  
Iván Palomares ◽  
Eugenio Martínez-Cámara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Sustainability Challenges ◽  
New Research ◽  
Decision Making Model

The United Nations Agenda 2030 established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a guideline to guarantee a sustainable worldwide development. Recent advances in artificial intelligence and other digital technologies have already changed several areas of modern society, and they could be very useful to reach these sustainable goals. In this paper we propose a novel decision making model based on surveys that ranks recommendations on the use of different artificial intelligence and related technologies to achieve the SDGs. According to the surveys, our decision making method is able to determine which of these technologies are worth investing in to lead new research to successfully tackle with sustainability challenges.

scholarly journals Does Emotional Intelligence Influence Academic Performance? The Role of Compassion and Engagement in Education for Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1721
Author(s):  
Marta Estrada ◽  
Diego Monferrer ◽  
Alma Rodríguez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Moliner
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Equation Analysis ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Societies ◽  
Social Environmental

Education must guide students’ emotional development, not only to improve their skills and help them achieve their maximum performance, but to establish the foundations of a more cooperative and compassionate society. Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, therefore, implies focusing on emotional aspects as well as financial, social, environmental, and scientific objectives. In this line, the goal of this study is to show how emotional intelligence, which is an essential dimension in the development and management of emotional competences required to build sustainable societies, plays a key role in optimising student’s academic performance in the classroom through compassion and academic commitment. The research model was tested with a questionnaire addressed to 550 students from four higher education institutions and one secondary school. The results of a structural equation analysis confirmed the study hypotheses. Emotional intelligence was shown to be positively related to compassion and higher levels of commitment, which, consequently, led to better academic performance. This finding will encourage interest in developing emotional intelligence, not only for its long-term value in training healthy citizens, but also for its short-term results in the classroom.

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