scholarly journals The Presence of Selected Elements in the Microscopic Image of Pine Needles as an Effect of Cement and Lime Pressure within the Region of Białe Zagłębie (Central Europe)

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Mirosław Szwed ◽  
Witold Żukowski ◽  
Rafał Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Pine Needles ◽  
Microscopic Image ◽  
Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Shape Of Particles ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, we present the results of microscopic observations of pine needles Pinus sylvestris L. collected in the area of cement-lime pressure in the south-western part of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains in the region of Białe Zagłębie. Images of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirm the presence of particles with a size of about 2 to 20 µm on the surface of the needles. Analysis using X-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) allowed, in turn, to identify lead, iron, aluminium, calcium, and silicon in particles deposited in the surface layer of assimilation organs and dispersed in the surface layer of vegetation tissue within cell structures. Chemical composition, size and shape of particles of foreign bodies on the needles’ surface allow them to be identified as cement-lime dust coming from production plants located in the Białe Zagłębie. Negative influence on the condition and liveliness of Scots pine in the study area is manifested by images on which stomata is sealed, which limits the possibility of gas exchange.

Biomorphous Porous Carbon Prepared from Cotton Stalk

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 871-874
Author(s):  
Qing Wang ◽  
Xi Cheng ◽  
Ya Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Cotton Stalk ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Scanning Electron

The biomorphic porous carbon was prepared by high temperature pyrolysis at 1000oC. The pyrolysis process of cotton stalk was measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The morphology and microstructure of carbon were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The phase composition of the resulting sample was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. As compared with the dried cotton stalk, the carbon has an anisotropic shrinkage with 20–40% and about 80% weight loss. The carbon retains the tubular cell structures.

scholarly journals Microstructural characterization of ceramic artifacts made using the raku technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e6910917755
Author(s):  
Wilton Antônio Machado Junior ◽  
Maria Gabriela Araujo Ranieri ◽  
Rosinei Batista Ribeiro ◽  
Jorge Luiz Rosa ◽  
Adilson da Silva Mello
Keyword(s):  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Ceramics ◽  
The City ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study was carried out at the atelier “Adamas”, located in the city of Cunha, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The objective is to characterize the physical and mechanical properties of ceramics made using the raku technique in the Adamas atelier. As a methodology, the specimens were submitted to the following tests: Scanning Electron     Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS), mass loss and linear shrinkage. It was observed that the specimens were mainly composed of silicon and aluminum, which is typical of ceramics made with kaolinitic clays, possessing a plastic behavior for molding and after firing refractory. Therefore, ceramic artifacts made through the raku technique have typical chemical and physical characteristics of clay ceramics, proper adhesion of the glaze even when there are crackles originated purposely from the process, which causes the artistic artifact appropriate characteristics for use and appreciation.

scholarly journals Integumentary structure and composition in an exceptionally well-preserved hadrosaur (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Barbi ◽  
Phil R. Bell ◽  
Federico Fanti ◽  
James J. Dynes ◽  
Anezka Kolaceke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Total Thickness ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrates ◽  
Surrounding Matrix ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation Techniques ◽  
Scaly Skin ◽  
Scanning Electron

Preserved labile tissues (e.g. skin, muscle) in the fossil record of terrestrial vertebrates are increasingly becoming recognized as an important source of biological and taphonomic information. Here, we combine a variety of synchrotron radiation techniques with scanning electron and optical microscopes to elucidate the structure of 72 million-year-old squamous (scaly) skin associated with a hadrosaurid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada. Scanning electron and optical microscopy independently reveal that the three-dimensionally preserved scales are associated with a band of carbon-rich layers up to a total thickness of 75 μm. Compositionally, this band deviates from that of the surrounding matrix; Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and soft X-ray spectromicroscopy analyses indicate the presence of carboxylic compounds. The regions corresponding to the integumentary layers are distinctively enriched in iron compared to the associated sedimentary matrix and seem associated to kaolinite. These carbonyl-rich layers are apparently composed of subcircular bodies resembling preserved cell structures. Each of these structures is encapsulated by calcite/vaterite, with iron predominantly concentrated at its center. The presence of iron, calcite/vaterite and kaolinite might have played important roles in the preservation of the layered structures.

Surface Studies of Aluminum Mitride Thik Films

1988 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Hatwar ◽  
T. R. Pian
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Columnar Microstructure ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reactive Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTThe nature and the composition of the surface and near surface region of A1N films plays a significant role in determining their chemical and thermal stability. A1N thin films were deposited by reactive RF magnetron sputtering of Al in argon and nitrogen atmosphere. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy indicated that these films have a dense columnar microstructure with columns oriented along the c-axis of the A1N crystallites. X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed a graded oxygen-rich surface layer about 5–10 nm thick which is formed when the film is exposed to the atmosphere. This oxide is limited to the surface and does not grow even when the film is annealed at 600°C for 10 hours in dry oxygen. It is expected that this passivating oxygen rich surface layer will, to a large extent, determine the oxidation resistance of the fresh underlying AIN. A surface chemistry model is proposed for this protection behavior.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF NIXZN(1-X)FE2O4-ENCAPSULATED HOLLOW GLASS SPHERES BY ERRITE PLATING

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (15n16) ◽  
pp. 3215-3220 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEI YU ◽  
CHENG WANG ◽  
JIANHUA LIU ◽  
SNOGMEI LI ◽  
LIJIE HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Spinel Structure ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy ◽  
Atom Ratio ◽  
Hollow Glass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Spheres ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Scanning Electron

Hollow glass spheres was encapsulated with a layer of Ni x Zn (1- x ) Fe 2 O 4 film without using ultrasound by ferrite plating at a temperature of 80°C. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). XRD patterns indicated the films had spinel structure. The atom ratio of nickel to iron in the films was affected by the proportion of reactants and the synthetic conditions. The saturation magnetization of the composite spheres was enhanced from 24emu/g to 60emu/g with the increase of reactants solution concentration.

Phase Relationships in the Y–Fe–V Ternary System at 773 K

2011 ◽  
Vol 704-705 ◽  
pp. 475-479
Author(s):  
Shun Kang Pan ◽  
Rui Yan ◽  
Huai Ying Zhou ◽  
Li Chun Cheng ◽  
Qing Rong Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Maximum Solid Solubility ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Phase Relationships

The isothermal section of the phase diagram of the ternary system Y–Fe–V at 773 K was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. It consists of 9 single-phase regions, 16 two-phase regions and 8 three-phase regions. The ternary compound YFe12-xVx (1.5≤x≤2.7, space group I4/mmm) with Mn12Th-type structure was confirmed in this system. At 773 K, the maximum solid solubility of V in Fe, and YFe2, is about 23 at.%, and 3 at.%, respectively, Fe in V is about 22 at.%. And that of Y in Fe, FeV and V don′t exceed 1 at.%.

Influence of Particles on Cell Structure of Al-Mg Alloys Foamed by Melt Foaming Method

2007 ◽  
Vol 544-545 ◽  
pp. 363-366
Author(s):  
Soo Han Park ◽  
Hwan Goo Seong ◽  
Yeong Hwan Song ◽  
Chang Hwan Seo ◽  
Zulkifli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Structure ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Mg Alloy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
Al Mg Alloys ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Microstructural Examination

Al-Mg alloy foams containing different Mg contents were synthesized via a conventional melt foaming method. The surface structures of pores formed in resultant foamed alloys was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffractometer. It was found that the pore structures were deteriorated with increasing Mg contents, while the percent porosities did not vary with increasing Mg contents, about 90% and 3~5 mm in pore size. The detailed microstructural examination conducted on increasing Mg containing alloy foams revealed presence of various oxide particles on the surface of individual cells, including MgAl2O4 particles in a form of fine spinel; its small amount for Al-1wt%Mg alloy foam but relative high amount of Al-4wt%Mg one. This suggested the negative effect of MgAl2O4 on the stable pore and thus cell structures in corresponding alloy foams. The possible mechanism associated with MgAl2O4 formation was discussed in the present study.

scholarly journals Элементное и структурное картирование объемных кристаллов (Al-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Ga-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-, полученных методом Чохральского

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Д.А. Бауман ◽  
Л.А. Пьянкова ◽  
А.В. Кремлева ◽  
В.А. Спиридонов ◽  
Д.Ю. Панов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Czochralski Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction mapping, as well as scanning electron microscopy, the distribution of aluminum in the surface layer of the (AlxGa1-x) 2O3 crystal obtained by the Czochralski method using a sapphire seed was studied. It is shown that the distribution of aluminum correlates with the change in the physical broadening of the diffraction maxima of the system of planes (h00) of the crystal and is associated with the distance from the seeding zone.

scholarly journals Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeja Kosec ◽  
Andraž Legat ◽  
Janez Kovač ◽  
Damjan Klobčar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Corrosive Environment ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the field of surface treatment, laser colour marking can be used to produce coloured marks on the surfaces of metals. Laser colour markings can be applied to various materials, but on titanium alloys a wide spectra of vivid colours can be achieved. This study presents an analysis of the corrosion properties of laser treated surfaces that were exposed to aggressive environments. Different samples were prepared with laser light of various power intensities and processing speeds. The samples were prepared on low alloyed Ti. Electrochemical, spectroscopic and microstructural analyses were conducted in order to study the properties of the laser treated surfaces. Corrosion testing showed different effects of laser power and production speed on the properties of the laser treated surfaces. It was shown that a high intensity and slow processing rate affect the surfaces by forming oxides that are relatively stable in a corrosive environment of 0.1 M NaCl. Spectroscopic investigations including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses showed the differences in chemical structure of the surface layer formed after laser treatment. Similarly, microstructural investigations showed different effects on the surface and sub-surface layer of the laser treated samples.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF FRAGMENTS OF SHELLS AFTER HITTING THE TRIPLEX GLASS OF THE CAR WITH SHOTS FROM A HUNTING "SAIGA" CARBINE UNDER THE CARTRIDGE 5, 45X39

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Leonov
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Energy Dispersion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wooden Frame ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract. The article is devoted to the possibilities of innovative research methods in forensic medicine-scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersion analysis. The described methods were used in conducting experimental studies in the case of a gunshot retrograde injury. Aim. The purpose of the work was to study the particles formed during the destruction of a semi-shell shell and an obstacle (triplex car glass) when fired from a hunting Saiga carbine with 5. 45x39 cartridges. Material and methods. Car triplex windshields from BMW and Mercedes-Benz cars were used as a barrier. The shots were fired from a hunting Saiga carbine with a 5.45x39 cartridge. The shots were fired from a distance of 10 m. As targets, white calico with dimensions of 100x150 cm was used, stretched on a wooden frame, or fixed on a chipboard. The distance between the target and the barrier was 100 cm, which roughly corresponded to the distance from the windshield of the car to the driver and the passenger in the front seat. The studies were carried out using the SEM "Hitachi FlexSem1000 II" and the energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer "Bruker Quantax 80". Results. As a result of the conducted research with the help of microscopy, the presence of 7 types of foreign bodies on the surface of the target was established, which are the products of the destruction of the fire projectile and the barrier: glass fragments; glass fragments; crumbly deposition of glass particles; glass fragments caked with the metal of the projectile; fragments of the projectile; spherical metal particles; overlays of molten metal in the form of puddles. With the help of energy dispersion analysis, it was possible to determine the elemental composition of the particles of the barrier, the fire shell, and to identify the overlap of the target particles. Conclusion. As a result of the experimental study, it was found that the use of SEM and EDS analysis significantly increases the effectiveness and evidence-based expert research in solving the problems of causing damage through the barrier-the windscreen of modern cars. Key words: scanning electron microscopy, gunshot trauma, energy dispersion analysis, fragments of the barrier.

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