scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among French People Living with HIV

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Alexandre Vallée ◽  
Erwan Fourn ◽  
Catherine Majerholc ◽  
Pauline Touche ◽  
David Zucman
Keyword(s):  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Vaccine Strategy ◽  
Vaccine Refusal ◽  
Coverage Rates ◽  
Living With Hiv

People living with HIV are a high-risk population concerning the coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) infection, with a poorer prognosis. It is important to achieve high COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates in this group as soon as possible. This project used self-reporting to assess vaccine hesitancy and acceptance among people living with HIV towards the novel COVID-19 vaccine. Sixty-eight (28.7%) participants among the 237 declared their hesitancy to be vaccinated against COVID-19. Participants who expressed concerns about their health (p < 0.001), the requirement of mandatory COVID-19 vaccination (p = 0.017), and their chronic disease status (p = 0.026) were independently associated with the acceptance of vaccination. Conversely, participants presenting general vaccine refusal (p < 0.001), concerns about the serious side effects of COVID-19 vaccines (p < 0.001), and those already thinking having an immune status to COVID-19 (p = 0.008) were independently associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Our results suggest that vaccine strategy would be more successful in France with a communication strategy emphasizing the collective benefits of herd immunity in the population living with HIV and reassuring patients with chronic diseases about the safety of the proposed vaccines.

scholarly journals Vaccine refusal/hesitancy—the ethical point of view

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Gentil
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Moral Conflicts ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Vaccine Refusal

Abstract Background In 2019, WHO classified vaccine hesitancy as one of the top 10 threats to global health. Vaccination is an area of excellence in nursing that has gained a new focus and has become a challenge in the provision of care and in the management field. Vaccine hesitation raises questions about mandatory vaccination, individual versus collective freedom that are highlighted in the current context due to the emergence of new vaccines. In this paper, we want to analyze and update knowledge about vaccines hesitancy from an ethical and bioethical perspective. Methods A combination of literature reviews on vaccine refusal/hesitancy, ethics and COVID-19 vaccine confidence, accessed on SciELO and PubMed databases and analysis of documents from General Directorate of Health and Ordem dos Enfermeiros (National Nurses Association). Results Vaccination programs aim is a collective protection. The desirable effects at individual level do not have the same ethical value at collective level, leading to cost-benefit imbalances. Moral conflicts between the individual and the collective, cost-benefit imbalances and the insufficiency of bioethics principles, lead us to the use of other moral values and principles, such as responsibility, solidarity and social justice, as a tool for ethical reflection problems related to COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusions There are no perfect solutions to ethical dilemmas and some optimal solutions could depend the context. In a pandemic situation, one of the most relevant ethical issues is the herd immunity since it leaves public health at risk. Equity and the principle of justice in vaccination campaign are shown daily in the nursing profession.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccination in People Living with HIV (PLWH) in China: A Cross Sectional Study of Vaccine Hesitancy, Safety, and Immunogenicity

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1458
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Junyan Han ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Danying Chen ◽  
Xuesen Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Living With Hiv

The administration of COVID-19 vaccines is the primary strategy used to prevent further infections by COVID-19, especially in people living with HIV (PLWH), who are at increased risk for severe symptoms and mortality. However, the vaccine hesitancy, safety, and immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines among PLWH have not been fully characterized. We estimated vaccine hesitancy and status of COVID-19 vaccination in Chinese PLWH, explored the safety and impact on antiviral therapy (ART) efficacy and compared the immunogenicity of an inactivated vaccine between PLWH and healthy controls (HC). In total, 27.5% (104/378) of PLWH hesitated to take the vaccine. The barriers included concerns about safety and efficacy, and physician counselling might help patients overcome this vaccine hesitancy. A COVID-19 vaccination did not cause severe side effects and had no negative impact on CD4+ T cell counts and HIV RNA viral load. Comparable spike receptor binding domain IgG titer were elicited in PLWH and HC after a second dose of the CoronaVac vaccine, but antibody responses were lower in poor immunological responders (CD4+ T cell counts < 350 cells/µL) compared with immunological responders (CD4+ T cell counts ≥ 350 cells/µL). These data showed that PLWH have comparable safety and immune response following inactivated COVID-19 vaccination compared with HC, but the poor immunological response in PLWH is associated with impaired humoral response.

scholarly journals STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI VOLUNTARY COUNSELING TEST (VCT) TERHADAP ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS (ODHA) DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DR. SAIFUL ANWAR MALANG (RSSA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Kresna Abdi Parela
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Persuasive Communication ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Voluntary Counseling ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Communication Strategy Voluntary Counseling Test ( VCT ) Living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA ) General Hospital Dr . Saiful Anwar ( RSSA ) HIV / AIDS is still one of the dreaded disease by a large part of society , because they still consider HIV / AIDS as a deadly disease , there is no cure and the disease is a curse . This is caused due to an incorrect myths about HIV / AIDS . Due to the myth, making people living with HIV / AIDS ( PLWHA ) are stigmatized and discrimination . Stigma and discrimination are two things that are often experienced by people living with HIV . Because of the stigma and discrimination that people living with HIV be afraid , afraid to open up for fear of being shut excluded so that people living with HIV and people living with HIV closure that makes HIV / AIDS is difficult to detect its spread . To overcome these problems , one of which is through Voluntary Counseling Test ( VCT ) . VCT counseling is an activity that provides psychological support , information and knowledge of HIV / AIDS , prevent the transmission of HIV, promote responsible behavior change, treatment and ensure solving various problems associated with HIV / VCT AIDS.Ada in two stages, namely the stage of Pre- Test and Post- Tests . In the Pre- test counseling is done stage by providing information about HIV / AIDS , prevention , transmission and window period . Pre- test counseling provides knowledge about the benefits of HIV testing , testing for decision making , and planning for issues facing HIV . After HIV Testing and Counseling Pre PLWHA PLWHA undergo the HIV test will undergo stages of post counseling where PLHIV will be conditioned to accept the results of the HIV test , get information about what to do if the results of his HIV test is positive or negative , and most importantly so that people living with HIV do not become stress , depression and despair. VCT is run by counselors who are trained and experienced in this study bidangnya.Pada researchers conducted a study using qualitative methods to the three counselors that have been set using purposive sampling method and data captured through interviews and counseling in VCT observasi.Ketika Pre Test and post- test , the counselor needs a communications strategy that will be used to affect people living with HIV in order to receive the message delivered by the counselor and the main thing is to change the behavior of people living with HIV. Based on the results of research conducted by the researchers of the communication strategy VCT Pre Test and Post- Test in Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang against people living with HIV , it was found that the result is a persuasive communication strategies used by counselors when doing koneling to PLWHA HIV Testing Pre and Communication , Information andEducation (CIE ) is a communication strategy that is used by counselors when counseling Post- test counseling is done by the counselor was tailored to what the existing problems in people living with HIV with the ultimate goal , namely a change in the behavior of people living with HIV.

scholarly journals COVID19 Vaccine Intentions in South Africa: Health Communication Strategy to Address Vaccine Hesitancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umakrishnan Kollamparambil ◽  
Adeola Oyenubi ◽  
Chijioke Nwosu
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
National Income ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
African Population ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance

Abstract Background: Widespread vaccine acceptance is key to achieving herd immunity through vaccination against COVID19, especially because the available vaccines do not have 100% efficacy. The continued infection amongst the unvaccinated can lead to heightened risk of further virus mutation, exposing even those vaccinated to new virus strains. Therefore, there are social benefits in minimising vaccine hesitancy. The objective of this study is to assess the level of COVID19 vaccine hesitancy in South Africa, identify the socio-economic patterns in vaccine hesitancy and to develop a targeted health communication strategy based on the HBM and EPPM models in order to improve vaccine acceptance. Methods: The study uses the nationally representative National Income Dynamics Study - Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey (NIDS-CRAM) survey. The analysis combines univariate and bivariate statistics together with multivariate regression models like binomial/ordinal logit and seemingly unrelated regressions.Results: The study finds that vaccine acceptance is lower than that of non-pharmaceutical intervention life face-mask use. Only 55% are fully accepting of the vaccine, while a further 16% are moderately accepting of vaccines. Together, vaccine acceptance is estimated at 70.8% and vaccine hesitancy against COVID19 is estimated at 29.2% amongst the adult South African population. The reasons cited for vaccine hesitancy are primarily due to concerns regarding the side-effects and efficacy of vaccine. the study has identified perceived risk of infection with the mediating role of efficacy as a key predictor of vaccine intention. Apart from vulnerability to infection, those perceiving higher severity of risk (elderly and those with chronic illness) have lower hesitancy. Higher awareness of COVID19 related information and higher household income are correlated with lower vaccine hesitancy. The non-black African population group has significantly high vaccine hesitancy compared to black Africans. Males on average have lower hesitancy compared to females, and unmarried/unpartnered individuals are found to have higher hesitancy. Conclusions: There are other significant differences across socio-economic and demographic variables in vaccine hesitancy. From a communication perspective, it is imperative to continue risk messaging, hand in hand with clearer information on the efficacy of the vaccines

scholarly journals Association between chronic hepatitis C virus infection and myocardial infarction in people living with HIV in the United States

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Williams-Nguyen ◽  
Stephen E Hawes ◽  
Robin M Nance ◽  
Sara Lindström ◽  
Susan R Heckbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Extrahepatic Manifestations ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Living With Hiv

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) is common among people living with HIV (PLWH). The potential for extrahepatic manifestations of HCV, including myocardial infarction (MI), is a topic of active research. MI is classified into types, predominantly atheroembolic Type 1 MI (T1MI) and supply-demand mismatch Type 2 MI (T2MI). We examined the association between HCV and MI in the CFAR Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS), a multi-center clinical cohort of PLWH. MIs were centrally adjudicated and categorized by type using the Universal MI definition. We estimated the association between chronic HCV (RNA+) and time to MI adjusting for demographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, clinical characteristics and substance use. Among 24,755 PLWH aged ≥18, there were 336 T1MI and 330 T2MI during a median of 4.2 years of follow-up. HCV was associated with a 68% greater risk of T2MI (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.68, 95% CI: 1.22, 2.30) but not T1MI (aHR 0.96, 95% CI: 0.63, 1.45). In a cause-specific analysis of T2MI, HCV was associated with a 2-fold greater risk of T2MI attributed to sepsis (aHR 2.26, 95% CI: 1.34, 3.81). Extrahepatic manifestations of HCV in this high-risk population are an important area for continued research.

scholarly journals Vaccine hesitancy: An overview on parents' opinions about vaccination and possible reasons of vaccine refusal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Facciolà ◽  
Giuseppa Visalli ◽  
Annalisa Orlando ◽  
Maria Paola Bertuccio ◽  
Pasquale Spataro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Vaccine Refusal ◽  
Italian City ◽  
Real Composition ◽  
Coverage Rates ◽  
Low Coverage ◽  
Design And Methods

Background. Vaccine hesitancy has increased worldwide with a subsequent decreasing of vaccination rates and outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases (i.e. measles, poliomyelitis and pertussis) in several developed countries, including Italy. Design and Methods. We conducted a survey to investigate the attitudes of a parents’ sample about vaccinations by the distribution of questionnaires in six lower secondary schools of the Italian city of Messina. Results. Regarding vaccinations carried out on children, the declared vaccination coverage rates ranged widely between good coverage percentages for some vaccinations (Measles-Mumps-Rubella, Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis), and very low coverage rates for others, especially for “new” vaccinations (HPV, meningococcal, pneumococcal). The vaccinations carried out correlated negatively with both parents’ age and their level of education. Moreover, a favourable parents’ opinion was strongly influenced by a favourable opinion of the physician, while an unfavourable parents’ opinion seemed conditioned by a direct or indirect knowledge of people harmed by vaccines. In addition, our data show that parents do not often know or partially know the real composition of the vaccines and the diseases prevented by vaccinations. Conclusions. Data analysis shows that parents are, theoretically, favourable towards vaccinations but have little knowledge of such practices, sometimes not being unaware of the types of vaccines administrated to their children. Health education and communication of correct information are certainly the cornerstones to improve the situation and to fight the widespread and non-grounded fears about vaccines.

Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among patients living with HIV in northern Nigeria: A mixed methods study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubairu Iliyasu ◽  
Aminatu A. Kwaku ◽  
Amina A. Umar ◽  
Fatimah Tsiga-Ahmed ◽  
Nafisa S. Nass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at increased risk of COVID-19 acquisition, severe disease, and poor outcomes. Yet, little is known about COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among PLHIV in high HIV burden countries such as Nigeria. Objective: This study aims to assess the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine and identify predictors and reasons for vaccine hesitancy among patients living with HIV and attending a tertiary hospital in Kano, northern Nigeria. Methods: Using a mixed-methods design, structured questionnaires were administered to a clinic-based sample of patients living with HIV (n=344), followed by 20 in-depth interviews with a sub-sample. Logistic regression and the framework approach were used to analyze the data. Results: Less than half (46.2%, n=159) of the respondents were willing to take the COVID-19 vaccine. Vaccine acceptance was higher among non-Muslim PLHIV (Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR)=1.26, 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI): 1.10-4.00), persons with high-risk perception (aOR=2.43, 95%CI:1.18-5.00), those who were not worried about infertility-related rumors (aOR=13.54, 95%CI:7.07-25.94) and persons who perceived antiretroviral drugs are protective against COVID-19 (aOR = 2.76, 95%CI: 1.48-5.14). In contrast, vaccine acceptance was lower among persons who were not more concerned about the potential effects of COVID-19-HIV co-infection (aOR=0.20, 95%CI:0.10-0.39). The most common reasons for vaccine hesitancy included doubts about the existence of COVID-19, low-risk perception, anxiety about antiretroviral treatment-vaccine interactions, safety concerns, and infertility-related rumors. Conclusion: Covid-19 vaccine acceptance was low among PLHIV. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was associated with respondents’ faith, risk perception, perception of the protective effects of antiretroviral treatment, concerns about COVID-19-HIV co-infection, and infertility-related rumors. Vaccination counseling should be integrated into HIV treatment services to improve COVID-19 vaccine uptake among PLHIV in Kano and similar settings.

scholarly journals The Dark Side of Female HIV Patient Care: Sexual and Reproductive Health Risks in Pre- and Post-Clinical Treatments

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thu Khuat ◽  
Thu Do ◽  
Van Nguyen ◽  
Xuan Vu ◽  
Phuong Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Living With Hiv

This study examines the pre- and post-clinical issues in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care and treatment for women and girls of high-risk population groups—namely sex workers, injecting drug users, women living with HIV, primary sexual partners of people living with HIV, adolescent girls who are children of these groups, and migrant young girls and women—in five provinces and cities in Vietnam. Through a sample of 241 surveyed participants and 48 respondents for in-depth interviews and 32 respondents in the focus group discussions, the study identifies multiple barriers that keep these groups from receiving the proper health care that is well within their human rights. Most respondents rated HIV testing as easily accessible, yet only 18.9% of the surveyed women living with HIV disclosed their infection status, while 37.8% gave no information at the most recent prenatal care visit. The level of knowledge and proper practices of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) care also remains limited. Meanwhile, modern birth control methods have yet to be widely adopted among these populations: only 30.7% of respondents reported using condoms when having sex with their husband. This increases the risks of unwanted pregnancy and abortion, as well as vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV transmission. On the other hand, HIV-related stigma and discrimination at health care settings are still pervasive, which create significant barriers for patients to access proper care services. Based on these results, six recommendations to improve SRH status of women and girls of populations at high risk are put forward.

scholarly journals STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI VOLUNTARY COUNSELING TEST (VCT) TERHADAP PENDERITA HIV/AIDS (ODHA) DI MALANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Rizki Agung Novariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Persuasive Communication ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Voluntary Counseling ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV / AIDS is still one of the dreaded disease by a large part of society, because they still consider HIV / AIDS as a deadly disease , there is no cure and the disease is a curse . This is caused due to an incorrect myths about HIV / AIDS . Due to the myth , making people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA ) are stigmatized and discrimination . Stigma and discrimination are two things that are often experienced by people living with HIV . Because of the stigma and discrimination that people living with HIV be afraid , afraid to open up for fear of being shut excluded so that people living with HIV and people living with HIV closure that makes HIV / AIDS is difficult to detect its spread . To overcome these problems, one of which is through Voluntary Counseling Test ( VCT ) . VCT counseling is an activity that provides psychological support , information and knowledge of HIV / AIDS , prevent the transmission of HIV, promote responsible behavior change , treatment and ensure solving various problems associated with HIV / VCT AIDS.Ada in two stages , namely the stage of Pre- Test and Post- Tests . In the Pre- test counseling is done stage by providing information about HIV / AIDS , prevention , transmission and window period. Pre- test counseling provides knowledge about the benefits of HIV testing , testing for decision making, and planning for issues facing HIV . After HIV Testing and Counseling Pre PLWHA PLWHA undergo the HIV test will undergo stages of post counseling where PLHIV will be conditioned to accept the results of the HIV test , get information about what to do if the results of his HIV test is positive or negative , andmost importantly so that people living with HIV do not become stress , depression and despair. VCT is run by counselors who are trained and experienced in this study bidangnya.Pada researchers conducted a study using qualitative methods to the three counselors that have been set using purposive sampling method and data captured through interviews and counseling in VCT observasi.Ketika Pre Test and post- test , the counselor needs a communications strategy that will be used to affect people living with HIV in order to receive the message delivered by the counselor and the main thing is to change the behavior of people living with HIV. Based on the results of research conducted by the researchers of the communication strategy VCT Pre Test and Post- Test in Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang against people living with HIV , it was found that the result is a persuasive communication strategies used by counselors when doing koneling to PLWHA HIV Testing Pre and Communication , Information andEducation (CIE ) is a communication strategy that is used by counselors when counseling Post- test counseling is done by the counselor was tailored to what the existing problems in people living with HIV with the ultimate goal , namely a change in the behavior of people living with HIV.

scholarly journals Vaccine strategies for the Mtb/HIV copandemic

npj Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riti Sharan ◽  
Deepak Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Vaccine Strategy ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Hiv Coinfection ◽  
Successful Vaccine ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract One-third of world’s population is predicted to be infected with tuberculosis (TB). The resurgence of this deadly disease has been inflamed by comorbidity with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The risk of TB in people living with HIV (PLWH) is 15–22 times higher than people without HIV. Development of a single vaccine to combat both diseases is an ardent but tenable ambition. Studies have focused on the induction of specific humoral and cellular immune responses against HIV-1 following recombinant BCG (rBCG) expressing HIV-1 antigens. Recent advances in the TB vaccines led to the development of promising candidates such as MTBVAC, the BCG revaccination approach, H4:IC31, H56:IC31, M72/AS01 and more recently, intravenous (IV) BCG. Modification of these vaccine candidates against TB/HIV coinfection could reveal key correlates of protection in a representative animal model. This review discusses the (i) potential TB vaccine candidates that can be exploited for use as a dual vaccine against TB/HIV copandemic (ii) progress made in the realm of TB/HIV dual vaccine candidates in small animal model, NHP model, and human clinical trials (iii) the failures and promising targets for a successful vaccine strategy while delineating the correlates of vaccine-induced protection.

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