scholarly journals Effects of Straw Returning Combine with Biochar on Water Quality under Flooded Condition

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1633
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Jiang Li ◽  
Xiyun Jiao ◽  
Huandi Li ◽  
Yunhao An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Straw Decomposition ◽  
Water Quality Deterioration ◽  
Observation Period

Biochar is generally available to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants to improve water quality. However, the feasibility of biochar in improving water quality deterioration after straw returning is still unclear. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of straw decomposition on total phosphorus (TP), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N) and potassium permanganate index (CODMn) under CK (no straw returning), ST (straw of 7 t/hm2 returning) and SC (straw of 7 t/hm2 and biochar of 20 t/hm2 returning) conditions. Results showed that straw returning could significantly increase the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in field water. After adding biochar, there were significant differences in TP, NH4+-N, NO3−-N and CODMn both in surface water and 0–10 cm soil water in SC treatment compared to ST treatment. The concentration of TP, NH4+-N, NO3−-N and CODMn in surface water under SC treatment were always lower than that under ST treatment, and the maximum concentration could decrease by 52.29%, 39.67%, 35.23% and 44.50%, respectively. In 0–10 cm soil water, the concentration of TP, NO3−-N and CODMn under SC treatment was always significantly higher than that under ST treatment, and the NH4+-N concentration in SC treatment was gradually higher than that under ST treatment at the middle-late observation period. Results indicate that straw returning combined with biochar can effectively decrease the nitrogen concentration, phosphorus concentration and organic pollutants in surface water, inhibit the diffusion of non-point source pollutant, and reduce the risk of water pollution caused by straw returning.

scholarly journals A novel submerged Rotala rotundifolia, its growth characteristics and remediation potential for eutrophic waters

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoguang Gu ◽  
Feifei Li ◽  
Jibo Xiao ◽  
Shuyi Chu ◽  
Shuang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Submerged Aquatic Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

Abstract The vegetative growth and remediation potential of Rotala rotundifolia, a novel submerged aquatic plant, for eutrophic waters were investigated on different sediments, and under a range of nitrogen concentrations. Rotala Rotundifolia grew better on silt than on sand and gravel in terms of plant height, tiller number and biomass accumulation. Percent increment of biomass was enhanced at low water nitrogen (ammonium nitrogen concentration ≤10 mg/L). The maximum total nitrogen and total phosphorus removals in the overlying water were between 54% to 66% and 42% to 57%, respectively. Nitrogen contents in the sediments increased with increasing water nitrogen levels, whereas, nitrogen contents in the plant tissues showed no apparent regularity, and the greatest value was obtained at ammonium nitrogen concentration 15 mg/L. Both phosphorus contents in the sediments and tissues of plants were not affected significantly by additional nitrogen supply. Direct nitrogen uptake by plants was in the range of 16% to 39% when total phosphorus concentration was 1.0 mg/L. These results suggested that Rotala Rotundifolia can be used to effectively remove nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic waters.

Prediction of effects of measures to reduce eutrophication in surface water in rural areas – a case study

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 155-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. H. van der Kolk ◽  
R. F. A. Hendriks
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Water System ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

In the Bergambacht polder in The Netherlands, the surface water system is highly eutrophic. Owing to this high nutrient concentration, duckweed grows abundantly. To reduce the nutrient concentrations in the surface water, remedial measures are needed. To predict the effectiveness of three measures, a combination of a nutrient leaching model and a water quality model for nutrients in the surface water system was used. The scenarios formulated on the basis of these measures were simulated over a period of 35 years. Removing duckweed results in a substantial reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus. Improving the water purification plants results in a small reduction in the average nutrient concentrations. Dredging the total sediment layer results in a large reduction of phosphorus concentrations, but leads to an increase in nitrogen concentrations. The three measures combined will not improve the nitrogen concentration 30 years after implementation, but the phosphorus concentration will be reduced by 80% compared with 1990.

Features of Water Function Zoning of the Surface Water in Sichuan Province

2015 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
Rui Kun Cai ◽  
Fu Quan Ni ◽  
Yu Deng
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Agricultural Wastewater ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Water Quality Deterioration

In this study, based on the water function zoning and the related analyses on the current situations and tendency of the pollutions on water environments in Sichuan province, concluded that the primary cause responsible for the deterioration of water resources is the discharge of agriculture wastewater, and the strengthening of agricultural production management as well as the reduction of the agricultural wastewater discharge are the key points to alleviate the water-quality deterioration.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the River-Shallow Aquifer Exchange Process Effect on Surface Water Quality Deterioration

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (06) ◽  
pp. 121-132
Author(s):  
Ismail Karaoui ◽  
Abdelkrim Arioua ◽  
Abdelkhalek El Amrani Idrissi ◽  
Wafae Nouaim ◽  
Driss Elhamdouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Quality Deterioration ◽  
Water Quality Deterioration

scholarly journals Reducing Nitrogen and Phosphorus Losses from Different Crop Types in the Water Source Area of the Danjiang River, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjing Guo ◽  
Tiegang Zhang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Zhanbin Li ◽  
Guoce Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Bare Land

Nitrogen and phosphorus are essential for plant growth and are the primary limiting nutrient elements. The loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in agricultural systems can cause the eutrophication of natural water bodies. In this paper, a field simulated rainfall experiment was conducted in a typical small watershed of the Danjiang River to study the nutrient loss process of nitrogen and phosphorus in slope croplands subjected to different crops and tillage measures. The characteristics of the runoff process and nutrient migration of different slope treatments were studied, which were the bare-land (BL, as the control), peanut monoculture (PL), corn monoculture (CL), bare land (upper slope) mixed with peanut monoculture (lower slope) (BP), corn and peanut intercropping (TCP), corn and soybean intercropping (TCS), downslope ridge cultivation (BS) slope, and straw-mulched (SC), respectively. The results showed that the runoff of CL, SC, TCS, BS, BP, PL and TCP slope types were 93%, 75%, 51%, 39%, 28%, 12%, and 6% of the those of the bare land, respectively. The total nitrogen concentration in runoff on different slope types decreased in the order of BP > PL > BS > SC > TCP > BL > CL > TCS. The BL was characterized with the highest NRL-TN (the loss of total nitrogen per unit area), with the value of 1.188 kg/hm2, while those of the TCP is the smallest with the value of 0.073 kg/hm2. The total phosphorus concentration in runoff decreasd in the order of BS > BP > PL > BL > TCP > SC > CL > TCS. The PRL-TP (the loss of total phosphorus per unit area) of BL is the largest (0.016 kg/hm2), while those of TCP is the smallest (0.001 kg/hm2). These indicate that the loss of nitrogen is much higer than that of phosphorus. The loss of nitrogen in runoff is dominated by nitrate nitrogen, which accounts for 54.4%–78.9% of TN. Slope croplands in the water source area should adopt the tillage measures of TCP and PL.These measures can reduce 85% of the runoff of nitrogen and phosphorus compared to the bare land. The results may assist in agricultural non-point source pollution control and help promote improved management of the water environment in the Danjiang River’s water source area.

scholarly journals Comparison and assessment of the nutrient removal capacity by reed grass (Phragmites australis L.) and vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Nguyen Minh Ky ◽  
Nguyen Cong Manh ◽  
Phan Van Minh ◽  
Nguyen Tri Quang Hung ◽  
Phan Thai Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Nutrient Absorption ◽  
Effective Characteristics ◽  
Vetiveria Zizanioides ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

The paper presented results of the comparative assessment of nutrient absorption capacity by plants, including reed grass (Phragmites australis L.) and vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides L.). The constructed wetland models were designed with experiments (i) - Loading 1 (T1): reed grass (S1), vetiver (V1) + control (C1); (ii) - Loading 2 (T2): reed grass (S2), vetiver (V2) + control (C2); (iii) - Load 3 (T3): reed grass (S3), vetiver (V3) + control (C3). The study investigated the surface water quality parameters including nutrients such as TKN (Total Kieldalh Nitrogen), ammonium (NH4-N), nitrite (NO2-N), nitrate (NO3-N), total phosphorus (TP) and phosphate (PO43-). Results showed that there was significantly decreasing change related to pollutant concentration in the tanks. The studied results showed that the water treatment efficiency of Loading 1 (T1) possessed highly nutrient absorption capacities such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Comparing the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency, there was no statistically significant difference between reed grass and vetiver in the same loading (P>0.05). In general, in the same loading levels, the plants’ nutrient removal efficiencies were often higher than the control experiments (P<0.05). The effluent findings illustrated some parameters of water quality that met to National Technical Regulation of surface water quality for agricultural irrigation purposes (QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT). Therefore, the constructed wetland technology obtained highly effective characteristics and supplying the environmental friendly advantages.

scholarly journals Surface Water Quality of Intensive Farming Areas Within the Santa Lucia River Basin of Uruguay

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117862211771544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Barreto ◽  
Santiago Dogliotti ◽  
Carlos Perdomo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Intensive Farming ◽  
Agricultural Use

The Santa Lucia River basin provides drinking water to 60% of Uruguay population. The input of excessive amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus both from point and nonpoint sources could impair surface water quality and prevent its use for human consumption. The objective of this work was to evaluate surface water quality in small catchments under agricultural use located within this river basin. To this end, 5 streams and 4 small polders were surveyed between September 2008 and December 2009. The median concentrations of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the streams across all sites and periods were 770 and 1659 µg L−1, respectively, exceeding in the case of total phosphorus national and international thresholds. Furthermore, soluble phosphorous, the most readily available form to algae, represented 88.3% of total phosphorus. Concentrations of phosphorous and nitrogen in polders were also high. The eutrophication process of this water bodies could be linked to the intensive agricultural land use in the area because the nutrient input from cities and industries was not relevant in these catchments.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality in the Lakes Along Colentina River

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Petra Ionescu ◽  
Violeta Monica Radu ◽  
Elena Diacu ◽  
Ecaterina Marcu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Quality Classification ◽  
Water Quality Classification ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the water quality in the lakes along Colentina River according to Romanian regulations referring to the norms on surface water quality classification, MO 161/2006. To achieve this goal, two sampling sections (entry and exit points) for each lake have been established, and the following indicators have been determined: pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, nitrites, nitrates and ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen, orthophosphates, total phosphorus, electrical conductivity, filterable residue, chlorides, sulphates, calcium, magnesium and sodium. Following this study, the variation of the concentrations of determined indicators in the two sampling sections for each lake has been assessed, as well as the classification into quality classes according to the before mentioned order.

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