scholarly journals Could Fish Feeding Behaviour and Size Explain Prevalence Differences of the Nematode Eustrongylides excisus among Species? The Case Study of Lake Garda

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3581
Author(s):  
Vasco Menconi ◽  
Perla Tedesco ◽  
Paolo Pastorino ◽  
Ivano Confortini ◽  
Giuseppe Esposito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Coregonus Lavaretus ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Piscivorous Fish ◽  
Lake Garda ◽  
Rdna Sequences

The nematode Eustrongylides excisus is a parasite of freshwater fish- and fish-eating birds, with known differences on prevalence values among fish species. Thus, the present study aims to explore the hypothesis that the feeding behavior and the size of fish belonging to different trophic levels could explain such differences. For that, 14 sampling sites were selected to perform a fish parasitological survey on Lake Garda (Italy) during spring-summer 2020. Amplification of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequences of nematodes morphologically ascribable to the genus Eustrongylides allowed to identify them as E. excisus. From the five studied fish species (Perca fluviatilis, Lepomis gibbous, Coregonus lavaretus, Alosa fallax lacustris and Micropterus salmoides), only three presented the parasite E. excisus: P. fluviatilis, L. gibbous and M. salmoides, with significant differences in prevalence values among species (p = 0.002). Additionally, there were differences in prevalence values within the same fish species captured from different sampling sites. Findings showed that mainly piscivorous fish were positive for E. excisus and how the prevalence was highest in M. salmoides. As regard the fish size, a negative correlation between body size and E. excisus was found in P. fluviatilis due to the feeding habit of juvenile perch which feed mainly zooplankton and benthic invertebrates (i.e., oligochaetes, which are the first intermediate hosts of E. excisus). The study findings advance novel knowledge in the field of pathogens of zoonotic importance in the aquatic environment.

scholarly journals First Occurrence of Eustrongylides spp. (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) in a Subalpine Lake in Northwest Italy: New Data on Distribution and Host Range

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasco Menconi ◽  
Maria Vittoria Riina ◽  
Paolo Pastorino ◽  
Davide Mugetti ◽  
Serena Canola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Lepomis Gibbosus ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Subalpine Lake ◽  
The Mean

The genus Eustrongylides includes nematodes that infect fish species and fish-eating birds inhabiting freshwater ecosystems. Nematodes belonging to the genus Eustrongylides are potentially pathogenic for humans; infection occurs after the consumption of raw or undercooked fish. In the two-year period 2019–2020, a total of 292 fish belonging to eight species were examined for the occurrence of Eustrongylides spp. from Lake San Michele, a small subalpine lake in northwest Italy. The prevalence of infestation was 18.3% in Lepomis gibbosus, 16.7% in Micropterus salmoides, and 10% in Perca fluviatilis. The other five fish species (Ameiurus melas, Ictalurus punctatus, Squalius cephalus, Carassius carassius, and Scardinius erythrophthalmus) were all negative for parasite presence. There were no significant differences in prevalence between the three fish species (Fisher’s exact test; p = 0.744). The mean intensity of infestation ranged from 1 (M. salmoides and P. fluviatilis) to 1.15 (L. gibbosus), and the mean abundance ranged from 0.1 (P. fluviatilis) to 0.28 (L. gibbosus). There were significant differences in the infestation site between the four muscle quadrants (anterior ventral, anterior dorsal, posterior ventral, and posterior dorsal) and the visceral cavity (Kruskal–Wallis test; p = 0.0008). The study findings advance our knowledge about the distribution and host range of this parasite in Italy.

scholarly journals Distribution patterns of Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus (Nematoda: Camallanidae) and its interactions with freshwater fish in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lígia Rigôr Neves ◽  
Luís Mauricio Abdon Silva ◽  
Alexandro Cezar Florentino ◽  
Marcos Tavares-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Host Fish ◽  
Infection Parameters

Abstract This study used information about Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928 that had been published over a period of more than 90 years to investigate the infection and distribution patterns of this nematode in teleost freshwater fish in Brazil. This study was carried out using 181 samples from 82 fish species in 19 families within the five orders, with predominance of Characiformes species (71.6%). We organized a matrix-based parasite-host system in which the fish species were classified in different trophic levels and parasitic infection parameters according data available on host fish species with different life histories and geographic distributions across Brazilian hydrographic basins. Procamallanus (S.) inopinatus showed prevalence ranging from low to moderate, low abundance, low intensity, typically aggregated dispersion, and preferential infection of the hosts' gastrointestinal tract. There was difference in prevalence between detritivorous, omnivorous, carnivorous and piscivorous hosts, but no difference in intensity and abundance was found due to similarity in the communities of this endoparasite among the host fish species. The geographic distribution of this parasite encompasses the river of the Amazon, Paraná, São Francisco, North Atlantic, South Atlantic and Eastern basins. Lastly, suggestions regarding the life cycle of P. (S.) inopinatus, with its potential intermediate hosts, were discussed.

Use of stable isotopes in the evaluation of fish trophic guilds from a tropical hypersaline lagoon

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 979-988
Author(s):  
Marcos A. L. Franco ◽  
Alejandra F. G. N. Santos ◽  
Abílio S. Gomes ◽  
Marcelo G. de Almeida ◽  
Carlos E. de Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Isotopic Niche ◽  
Trophic Guilds ◽  
Piscivorous Fish

AbstractEnvironmental factors, size-related isotopic changes of the most abundant species and isotopic niche overlap were investigated using stable isotopes in order to evaluate spatial changes of fish trophic guilds in the Araruama Lagoon. Based on 440 muscle samples, 17 fish species were grouped into five trophic guilds. Mean salinity was above 40 at both sites sampled and a significant spatial difference was observed. The highest δ13C mean value was observed for an omnivorous species, whereas the lowest carbon signatures were found for the three fish species belonging to the planktivorous guild. Analysis of the carbon signature of fish species in lower trophic levels showed influence of salinity variation, whilst size appeared to play a role for others. A narrow δ15N difference was observed, but the piscivorous fish species showed the highest δ15N values. The Standard Ellipses Analysis (SEA) detected spatial differences and varying degrees of isotopic niche overlap among trophic guilds, but the percentages of most overlaps (<60%) suggest that, to some extent, the guilds had a unique isotopic niche space. These results are in agreement with data previously reported for the Araruama Lagoon, that found the same prey items with varying relative importance among the most abundant species. Further studies are necessary to understand how the interaction between salinity and other factors, such as migration patterns, changes in prey availability, changes in contribution of primary sources and changes in baseline isotopic signatures could affect the stable isotope signatures shown here.

Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of mercury in Lake Murray, Papua New Guinea

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 888-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl C Bowles ◽  
Simon C Apte ◽  
William A Maher ◽  
Matthew Kawei ◽  
Ross Smith
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Piscivorous Fish ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Isotope Measurements ◽  
Methylmercury Bioaccumulation

The bioaccumulation of mercury in the food webs incorporating the major piscivorous fish species of Lake Murray, Papua New Guinea, has been characterised. Methylmercury concentrations increased with trophic level and the proportion of total mercury present as methylmercury increased from <1% in plants to 94% in piscivorous fish. Methylmercury bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were similar to those found in temperate environments, with a typical increase of 1 log unit between planktivore and piscivore trophic levels. The greatest bioaccumulation of methylmercury occurred between seston and the water column (log BAF of 5.36). The bioaccumulation of mercury to levels of regulatory concern by the lake's piscivores was attributable to the biomagnification power of the plankton-based food chain comprising four trophic levels (phytoplankton, zooplankton, planktivore, piscivore) rather than any elevated concentrations of mercury in waters or sediments. The methylmercury concentrations of individual piscivores were positively correlated with both trophic position, as indicated by δ15N measurements, and fish size. Stable-isotope measurements were used to identify fish species where dietary changes occurring with age significantly augmented age-related bioaccumulation of mercury.

CHARACTERISTICS OF FREE-RADICAL PROCESSES IN THE ORGANISMS OF SOME PREDATORY FISH SPECIES IN DIFFERENT SEASONS OF THE YEAR

2017 ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Nikolay Aleksandrovich Pudovkin ◽  
Peter Vladimirovich Smutnev
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Silurus Glanis ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Pike Perch

The authors of the article have studied the content of the elements of anti-oxidant system (malondialdehyde, catalase, selenium) in tissues of the internal organs (gills, intestine, muscles, liver, swimbladder, scales) in some species of predatory fish (pike Esox lucius (L., 1758), perch Perca fluviatilis (L., 1758), pike-perch Sander lucioperca (L., 1758), catfish Silurus glanis ) widespread in the basin of the Volga river in the Saratov region. The lowest concentration of malondialdehyde in organisms of the studied fish species is observed in fall and winter; the highest - in spring and summer. Catalase activity in gills tissue of a pike raised in 11.8%, cat-fish - 9.1%, pike-perch - 7.5%, perch - 7.8%. In fall (compared to winter) enzyme activity lowering in gonads of pike-perch makes 16.3%, in gonads of perch - 14.4%. In other tissues there were not observed any evident changes of catalase activity. Fish species under consideration are listed according to the average value of selenium concentration in organisms, µg/g: pike (0.208) > catfish (0.207) > pike-perch (0.196) > perch (0.178). According to the average value of the selenium accumulation in the body in different season all the studied species can be placed in the following order, µg/g: winter-pike (0.132) > pike-perch (0.136) > perch and catfish (0.142); spring - pike-perch (0.190) > perch (0.191) > pike (0.208) > catfish (0.209); summer - perch (0.186) > pike-perch (0.190) > catfish and pike (0.203); autumn - perch (0.193) > pike-perch (0.268) > > catfish (0.274) > pike (0.289).

scholarly journals Effect of the Human Utilization of Northern Snakehead (Channa argus Cantor, 1842) on the Settlement of Exotic Fish and Cladoceran Community Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2486
Author(s):  
Jong-Yun Choi ◽  
Seong-Ki Kim
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Nakdong River ◽  
Exotic Fish ◽  
Carnivorous Fish ◽  
Channa Argus ◽  
The Nakdong River ◽  
Exotic Fish Species

Empirical studies suggest that changes in the density of top predators, such as carnivorous fish, in freshwater food webs, strongly affect not only fish communities but also various primary and secondary consumers. Based on these findings, we explored how differences in the utilization of carnivorous fish (i.e., Northern Snakehead, Channa argus) by humans affected the fish and cladoceran community structure as well as the settlement of exotic fish species (i.e., Lepomis macrochirus and Micropterus salmoides) in 30 wetlands located in the upper and lower reaches of the Nakdong River. Our results show that in the mid–lower reaches of the Nakdong River, the density of C. argus was low, while high densities of L. macrochirus and M. salmoides were observed. Exotic fish species are frequently consumed by C. argus, leading to a low density of L. macrochirus and M. salmoides in the upper reaches, which supported a high density of C. argus. However, in the mid–lower reaches, the density of L. macrochirus was high because of the frequent collection of C. argus by fishing activities. The dominance of L. macrochirus significantly changed the structure of cladoceran communities. L. macrochirus mainly feeds on pelagic species, increasing the density of epiphytic species in the mid–lower reaches. The continued utilization of C. argus by humans induced a stable settlement of exotic fish species and strongly affected the community structures of primary consumers in the 30 wetlands. The frequency of C. argus collection has to be reduced to secure biodiversity in the mid–lower reaches of the Nakdong River, which will reduce the proportion of exotic fish species and increase the conservation of native fish.

scholarly journals Distribution of mercury species in different tissues and trophic levels of commonly consumed fish species from the south Bay of Biscay (France)

2021 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 112172
Author(s):  
Tiphaine Mille ◽  
Amaëlle Bisch ◽  
Nathalie Caill-Milly ◽  
Pierre Cresson ◽  
Jonathan Deborde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Mercury Species ◽  
Bay Of Biscay ◽  
The South ◽  
Different Tissues

scholarly journals Monitoring Lakes Surface Water Velocity with SAR: A Feasibility Study on Lake Garda, Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2293
Author(s):  
Marina Amadori ◽  
Virginia Zamparelli ◽  
Giacomo De Carolis ◽  
Gianfranco Fornaro ◽  
Marco Toffolon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Wind Waves ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Lake Garda ◽  
Marine Applications

The SAR Doppler frequencies are directly related to the motion of the scatterers in the illuminated area and have already been used in marine applications to monitor moving water surfaces. Here we investigate the possibility of retrieving surface water velocity from SAR Doppler analysis in medium-size lakes. ENVISAT images of the test site (Lake Garda) are processed and the Doppler Centroid Anomaly technique is adopted. The resulting surface velocity maps are compared with the outputs of a hydrodynamic model specifically validated for the case study. Thermal images from MODIS Terra are used in support of the modeling results. The surface velocity retrieved from SAR is found to overestimate the numerical results and the existence of a bias is investigated. In marine applications, such bias is traditionally removed through Geophysical Model Functions (GMFs) by ascribing it to a fully developed wind waves spectrum. We found that such an assumption is not supported in our case study, due to the small-scale variations of topography and wind. The role of wind intensity and duration on the results from SAR is evaluated, and the inclusion of lake bathymetry and the SAR backscatter gradient is recommended for the future development of GMFs suitable for lake environments.

Quantitative comparisons of the morphology and ultrastructure of erythrocyte nuclei from seven freshwater fish species

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 1951-1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Jagoe ◽  
Dave A. Welter
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Nuclear Size ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Homogeneous Population ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Chromosome number and genomic DNA content vary widely among fish species, and ploidy can vary within species. This suggests that the size, shape, and morphological features of cell nuclei may also vary. Nucleated erythrocytes of fish are an easily sampled homogeneous population of differentiated cells ideal for inter- and intra-species comparisons. We collected blood samples from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), chain pickerel (Esox niger), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), redeye bass (Micropterus coosae), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and removed cytoplasm and nuclear membranes from blood cells. Individual nuclei were examined and measured using scanning electron microscopy and a computerized image analysis system, and inter- and intra-species differences evaluated by nested analysis of variance. Nuclear size and shape varied significantly among species. Isolated nuclei had conspicuous apertures or holes, and the number and size of these holes also varied significantly among species. Variations in nuclear size and structure within species were small compared with interspecies differences. Little is known of the ultrastructure of erythrocyte nuclei in lower vertebrates, but their structure differs considerably from that of other vertebrate non-erythroid cells, suggesting that the organization of their DNA and associated proteins may be different.

scholarly journals Occurrence of parasites of the genus Eustrongylides spp. (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) in fish caught in Trasimeno lake, Italy

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Branciari ◽  
David Ranucci ◽  
Dino Miraglia ◽  
Andrea Valiani ◽  
Fabrizia Veronesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Tinca Tinca ◽  
European Perch ◽  
Black Bass ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites ◽  
Edible Fish

<em>Eustrongylides</em> spp. is considered a freshwater fish zoonotic nematode. In the present study, the prevalence of <em>Eustrongylides</em> spp. in six edible fish (European perch - <em>Perca fluviatilis</em>, goldfish - <em>Carassius auratus</em>, largemouth black bass - <em>Micropterus salmoides</em>, tench- <em>Tinca tinca</em>, carp - <em>Cyprinus carpio</em> and sand smelt - Atherina boyeri) of Trasimeno lake was surveyed. The investigations were conducted from October 2014 to September 2015 and 384 specimens per species for each season were caught in Trasimeno lake and examined for the presence of larvae in the abdominal cavity and muscle. The presence of nematodes in the abdominal cavity and musculature was revealed in three fish species. The prevalence of Eustrongylides spp. infection was 6.84, 1.89 and 0.13% in perch, largemouth black bass and sand smelt, respectively. The number of parasites per fish was only one in largemouth black bass and sand smelt and ranged from one up to three in perch. This study states that the European perch, largemouth black bass and sand smelt of Trasimeno lake are infected with zoonotic parasites; therefore, food business operators have to take appropriate measures to guarantee the health of consumers.

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