Labor productivity and socio-economic ways to increase it

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
D. D. Shumilina ◽  
E.E. Mirgorod
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
Priority Direction ◽  
Progressive Growth ◽  
A Priority

The growth of labor productivity is a priority direction in the development of any production. It contributes to the ability to produce additional volume of products or to bring the existing one to a new level of quality. At the present stage of the world economy, increasing labor productivity is the main source of the company’s progressive growth.

scholarly journals Audit in the context of coronavirus

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3A) ◽  
pp. 696-700
Author(s):  
Elena Ilyinichna Efremova ◽  
Natalia Alekseevna Prodanova ◽  
Kseniya Alexandrovna Kovaleva ◽  
Olga Vladimirovna Saradzheva ◽  
Galina Vladimirovna Glazkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
New Type ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
The Impact

At the present stage the world economy is characterized by the process of increasing the interdependence of national economies, which is due to the stagnation of commodity markets, economic crises around the world and the presence of negative financial trends. The process of increasing the interdependence of national economies is based, among other things, on national selfishness, which is manifested more and more often. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a temporary break in financial and economic ties and relations, which in turn leads to significant changes in both the Russian and global economy as a whole. At present, the question of the possible duration of the pandemic and the quarantine measures imposed because of it remains open, but it is obvious that the impact is not just an interruption of the activities of the national economy or an increase in the burden on budgets due to the increase in additional costs. We are talking about the formation of a new type of economy.

scholarly journals MAIN DIRECTIONS OF IMPROVEMENT OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
K. Bleutaeva ◽  
◽  
D. Babash ◽  
D. Digay ◽  
M. Alekbaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
World Economy ◽  
National Development ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Background ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Inclusion in global economic processes has now become a necessary condition for ensuring national development for every country that strives for the efficiency and competitiveness of its economy. Isolation from global processes inevitably leads to lagging behind and pushing the country into the outsiders of the world economy. The article considers the economic background of historical and geographical description of the world; historical facts of the Great Silk Road; describes main problems of the formation and development of the Great Silk Road at the present stage; considers the directions of the Impact of the Great Silk Road on the economy of the participating countries; proposes main ways to eliminate the problems of the development of modern directions of the Great Silk Road.

scholarly journals COMPETENCY APPROACH IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Gruzina ◽  
Alina Shcherbak
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The World ◽  
Priority Direction ◽  
Rational Combination ◽  
Enterprise Management System

The article considers the importance and necessity of applying the competency approach in the management of enterprises, as one of the best competitive advantages in the modern conditions of the development of the world economy. The essence of the concepts of "competence" and "competency" as scientific categories in the context of management, which form the understanding of the "competency approach", has been substantiated. The features of using the competence-based approach directly in the management of enterprises are considered. The approaches to the use of "competence" in enterprise management, which are possible only if the source and conditions of their occurrence are understood, have been analyzed. At the heart of this work, attention is focused primarily on understanding the features of using the competence-based approach in enterprise management. Each of the approaches has its own specific features, advantages and disadvantages, due to which at different periods of time it received approval and suffered from criticism of contemporaries. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach are highlighted, as well as a rational combination of their main achievements, which will allow achieving the maximum effect in the process of restructuring the general management system of the enterprise. The importance of the competency approach as a priority direction for improving the enterprise management system, which was facilitated by such changes in the conditions of its functioning as: the globalization of the world economy, the acceleration of the pace of changes in the market environment, the aggravation of the competitive struggle of commodity producers, is emphasized. The circumstances are identified under which it is possible to implement a competency approach in the process of enterprise management, while simultaneously ensuring the achievement of competitive advantages by the enterprise through a competent and effective strategy of its activities, and the development of knowledge, skills and abilities of the personnel involved in management in accordance with the level of management and the developed strategy.

scholarly journals Structural shifts: impact on productivity and growth of Ukraine's economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-76
Author(s):  
Inna Shovkun ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The World ◽  
Structural Shifts

The leading feature of the modern world has been the deep structural shifts caused by radical transformations of its industrial landscape. The corresponding transformations were caused by changes in the internal structure of national industrial sectors and were based on the technologies of the "fourth industrial revolution", whose emergence gave additional impetus to the structural transformation of the world economy, intensifying competition in global markets. The Covid crisis was a catalyst for accelerating changes in the intersectoral proportions of the world economy, complicating the existing structural problems. The study shows that the key feature of the model of structural changes that occurred in Ukraine's economy after the global financial crisis was the accelerated reduction of the industrial sector, especially the loss of potential of the processing industry, its technological simplification and narrowing the variety of industries. This was accompanied by increased dominance of the tertiary sector and the growth of the primary sector. Excessive share in the structure of production is occupied by industries, whose mode of reproduction is able to generate only relatively low rates of economic growth (mining and related industries of primary processing in industry and agriculture). Such a trend of structural shifts is not able to generate the necessary boost of economic growth, and much less so as it is burdened by the risks of deepening structural inconsistency of Ukraine’s economy with the cardinal changes taking place in the world economy. Comparison of parameters and trends of structural changes in Ukraine’s economy and in a comparable group of countries and the world as a whole shows that the changes in the structure of Ukraine’s economy were much higher, but did not create sufficient potential for sustainable economic growth. The author analyzes the gaps in labor productivity between economic activities and sectors of Ukraine’s economy, as well as changes in their dynamics, which leads to the conclusions about the relationship between the rates of technological development of different sectors of Ukraine’s economy and the gradual slowdown of the already imperfect technological development of this country’s industry with further loss of competitiveness. Estimated the degree of influence of such factors as investments and technological innovations, as well as shifts in the structure of employment on the increase of labor productivity in Ukraine’s economy. Using the apparatus of econometric modeling, the author evaluates the dependence of the dynamics of GDP growth on the change of the indices of the physical volume of GVA in the sectors of this country’s economy.

The Significance of the Establishment of the International Tea Day in the Context of the Development of the Global Tea Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Tea Industry ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Full Power

Chinese tea and tea culture have spread along the Great Silk Road and the Great Tea Road throughout the world. At the present stage, the tea culture and the tea industry are dynamically developing and affecting the development of the world economy and culture, as well as our daily life. This article provides an overview of the development of the tea industry in the modern world. The significance of the International Tea Day’s establishment in the context of the modern development of the world tea industry is analyzed. The purpose of this article is to introduce a new holiday — the International Tea Day, as well as analyze its importance and implications for the development of the global tea industry. Moreover, the author explains the significance of the International Tea Day creation from the angle of economics, ecology, social culture, politics and diplomacy. The author believes that in the future, under the influence of the International Tea Day, the world tea culture and industry will reach a new level of development, and tea cultures of various countries and nationalities will show their full power.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF TRANSNATIONALIZATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETITIVE RELATIONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
S. Tsyganov ◽  
V. Syzonenko ◽  
N. Tsyganova
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Competitive Relations ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The essence of transnationalization as a special stage of globalization of economy is investigated. The essence of transnational corporations (TNCs) is revealed, their place in the system of international economic relations is determined. The role of TNCs in the context of their particular impact on the integration of national enterprises into the world economy and the main causes of the transnational capital movement at the present stage are analyzed. The new forms of the influence of transnationalization on the development of a competitive environment in the world economy are considered. The peculiarities of national base of transnational corporations and their branch specialization are analyzed. The problems and contradictions of the functioning of the TNC as the basis of the development of the world economy at the present stage and the changes in their activities as a result of the evolution of global processes and the intensification of the use of information and communication technologies are considered. The prospects of innovation and investment cooperation of Ukraine with TNCs as a powerful mechanism for the emergence of a long-term financial and economic crisis are proposed. Attention is drawn to the problems of attracting small and medium enterprises in the network of TNCs.

Economic globalization: Lack of balance in the world economy and the growing uncertainty (On the monograph “Prospects of economic globalization” edited by A. S. Bulatov)

2019 ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Elena A. Bragina
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

The reviewed monograph makes a strong impression with its relevance, complexity and scale of the subject and also determination of 27 authors to conduct a versatile research of the present stage of economic globalization and its possible prospects. The authorship of the term is attributed to many, mainly eminent economists of the second half of the 20th century studying general processes in the world economy. Its wide recognition happened in the 1990s, the term has become a widely used tool, but its interpretation and application vary greatly. The authors of the monograph consider economic globalization in dynamics, from different positions, seeking to reveal features of this process at the level of certain countries and groups of countries during their interaction in the world economy.

ANALYSIS OF MODERN PROCESSES OF WORLD ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Svitlana E. TKACHENKO
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
International Economy ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The article highlights the problems and prospects of globalization of international economic relations, identifies the importance of globalization for the sectors of the world economy structure, determines the impact of globalization on different groups of countries, examines the state and actual tasks of the globalization process of the international economy in conditions of innovation and integration, to positive and negative effects. One of the main problems of globalization is the potential global instability due to the national economies interdependence of the countries at the global level. The purpose of this article is to investigate the impact form of economic globalization on the competitiveness factors modification; the globalization conditions justification of national and world economic relations. Results. The study of the problem and perspectives in the context of the globalization concept disclosure of the world economy made it possible to define this process as a transformational internationalization of the world economy into a global system of international scale on the principles of openness, universality and interdependence. The essential features that lead to the globalization development of the world economy are at the present stage: the formation of the world information space, scientific and technological progress; economic integration; a new system of labor international division; the implementation of universal liberal-democratic values. Conclusions. Given the uneven distribution of the globalization benefits, of course, the negative effects of globalization processes in a particular country will significantly depend of the place, that this country occupies in the world economy. In this regard, three groups of threats, dangers, and potential problems have been identified, that arise at the present stage of development of economic activity internationalization, depending on which countries they may reach. Keywords: globalization, integration, international economy, competition, world economy, economic development, national economy, socio-economic relations.

scholarly journals CURRENT TRENDS IN THE STRUCTURE OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN VIEW OF THE BASIC THEORIES OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Artyomova
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
International Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Factors Of Production

The article outlines the main trends in the structure of international trade at the present stage and indicates in general the reasons for such changes. International trade as the main form of international economic relations at the present stage of development mediates almost all types of international cooperation associated with the globalization of the world economy. Both the positive aspects of globalization, which allow the most active development of all forms of international economic relations, and the negative ones, which manifested themselves in the context of the global financial crises, were noted. The essence of the main theories of international trade development (such as the theory of absolute advantages, the theory of comparative advantages, the theory of the ratio of factors of production, Keynesian theory), which traces the relationship with the formation of the world economy. Based on the analysis of data from the International Monetary Fund, the following current trends are substantiated: first, the real economy is developing more slowly than the financial system; secondly, the interconnection of financial systems in connection with the processes of global integration of economic elements has increased, which increases the risk of a “chain reaction”; third, the financial system is becoming increasingly complex due to the variety of instruments and operations. We explain the main provisions of the theory of factors of production as explaining the main trends in the structure of international trade. First, a gradual decrease in the value of the marginal utility of each additional cost of factors of production is allowed. Secondly, the same structure of consumption, the same tastes and habits of the population, the same production conditions of producers, constant tariffs, transportation and other costs. All this, of course, in our subjective opinion, fits into the total system of globalization, international industrial cooperation and economic integration of countries, the consequences of which are the outlined trends in the structure of the international economy.

scholarly journals Intellectualization of the Economy in the Context of the Genesis of the World Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
Diana Popova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Definition Of

The intellectual resources play an important role at the present stage of the world economydevelopment of the world economy. The implementation of the intellectual resources is carried out in the context of innovative development - through the creation, transfer and implementation of innovations. In the world economy, the competitiveness of countries, regions, enterprises and the welfare of society as a whole depends on the degree of development and efficient use of intellectual resources. The transition from the previous stages of the genesis of the world economy to the newest leads to fundamental transformations of the conditions of economic activity. Today, the main resources for the development of the world economy have become people and their intellectual capital. Thus, modern economic development is characterized by such categories asintellect, intellectual capital, intellectualization. Today there is no single common approach to the essential definition of these economic categories. Therefore, it is extremely important to determine the content of these economic categories, in particular the definition of "intellectualization of the economy" in the context of the genesis of the world economy and society. The aim of the article is to define the definitions "intellect", "intellectual capital", "intellectualization", to study their transformation inscience and significance in modern economic conditions and to define the concept of "intellectualization of the economy". As a result of analysis we found the multifaceted nature of the concept "intellectualization of the economy", the essence of which is in the process of continuously increasing level of materialization of the latest innovative knowledges, which are formed due to the educational environment, taking into account the needs for specific competencies supported by continuing education and improving the quality of individual and aggregate human capital. It can be argued that at the present stage, the economy needs a person as one who not only has physical strength, but as the owner and manager of a unique force of intellectual energy capable of generating new ideas and transforming the world economy. It is such a significant shift in scientific views on the role of a personand his capabilities occurred during the transition from industrial to neo-industrial society. Thus, the modern knowledge society does not replace the industrial or even pre-industrial society, but gives them the new aspect. Information, science, knowledges are becoming the main sources of growth of the world economy and its efficiency. Thus, society does not lose anything, but increases production potential, translates it to a new level of quality development. This path is based on the large-scale use of intellectual capital at all levels of the economic system. Accordingly, the efficiency of the modern world economy increasingly depends on the efficiency of use and development of the intellectual component. The prospects for future research will be related to the conceptualization of the knowledge economy in corporate market strategies.

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