Digestibility of nutrients and milk productivity of cows when using the concentrate mixture with the inclusion of rapeseed presscake

Author(s):  
L. Yarmots ◽  
G. Yarmots ◽  
A. Belenkaya

For ruminants, especially high-yielding animals in addition to the complete supply of animals with protein, its digestibility in the rumen is important. With low protein digestibility in the rumen, the released ammonia will be more effectively used by the rumen microflora, and the undigestible protein in the subsequent sections of the digestive tract can serve as a source of amino acids for the body. The use of concentrate mixtures with the inclusion of local, affordable and cheaper grain feeds, in particular a high-energy and protein ingredient- rapeseed presscake makes it possible to increase the milk productivity of cows throughout lactation. These presscakes are well balanced in their amino acid composition and belong to feeds whose protein has a low degree of digestibility in the rumen. The purpose of the researches was to study the digestibility of nutrients and milk productivity of cows when using the concentrate mixture with the inclusion of rapeseed presscake. In the scientific and economic experiment has been carried out on lactating cows, where the cows of the experimental group in the concentrate mixture of peas has been replaced with rapeseed presscake the digestibility of nutrients in the ration, energy metabolism and milk productivity have been studied. Studies have shown that almost all the nutrients were significantly better digested by the animals of the experimental group. Energy in milk was more allocated by cows of the experimental group by 6,29 MJ. From cows of the experimental group for 100 and 305 days of lactation has been obtained more milk by 6,27 and 7,06 %, respectively, than from control herdmates. The biochemical parameters of blood were within the limits of the physiological norm in animals of both groups. Thus, the replacement of peas with rapeseed presscake in the concentrate mixture did not have a negative influence on the metabolic processes and helped to increase the milk productivity of cows.


Author(s):  
M. Grigoryev ◽  
N. Chernogradskaya

Animals imported to Yakutia from other regions fall into feeding and housing conditions that differ from their usual agro-climatic conditions, which causes the problem of their adaptation. Yakutia is one of the areas where the feed of its own production has a lack of basic minerals, which affects the health and productivity of animals, which has an additional negative influence on the adaptation process of imported cattle. In order to replenish macro- and microelements in the body, it is necessary to introduce various local mineral feed additives, premixes, and use mineral salts into the ration. Under the conditions of Central Yakutia the influence of local mineral feed additives (zeolite of the Khonguruu Deposit in the Suntar district and sapropels of local lakes) containing macro- and microelements that increase the meat productivity of steers has been studied. As a result of the research the influence of local mineral feed additives on meat productivity and physiological condition of Hereford steers has been established. Influence of zeolite and sapropel in a complex with mineral salts on digestibility of nutrients of the ration and use of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus by experimental animals has been defined. The influence of feed additives on the quality of meat products has been studied. The results have shown that the use of local mineral feed additives in the composition of ration of steers during the fattening period at a dose of 0,7 g zeolite per 1 kg of live weight of the animal and 200 g of sapropel in combination with 10 g of mineral salts contributed to the gain in live weight, carcass weight, carcass yield, yield of edible parts, and economic efficiency of fattening. For the entire period of the experiment the gain in live weight in groups was: in control group 2222,9 kg, in the 1st experimental group 2396,2 kg, in the 2nd experimental group 2471,1 kg. The total economic effect for the 1st experimental group for the period of experiment amounted to 44,3 thousand Rubles, for the 2nd experimental group 78,0 thousand Rubles or per 1 head/day 14,06 and 24,76 Rubles, respectively.



Author(s):  
S. Sukhanova ◽  
N. Pozdnyakova ◽  
F. Yaroslavtsev

The results of researches on the development of new mineral feed additives based on raw materials produced by Uralchem and the study of the eff ectiveness of their use in the rations of lactating cows have been presented in the article. The experiment has been carried out in the conditions of LLC “PF Barabinskoe” in the Dalmatovsky area in the Kurgan region where 3 groups of lactating cows of Black-and-White breed have been formed. Animals in the control group have been received the ration adopted in the farm, the 1st experimental group with the additive RusMA No. 1 at a dose of 150 g, the 2nd experimental group– with the additive RusMA No. 2 at the dose of 350 g. The use of experimental mineral additives in feeding lactating cows allowed us to increase their milk productivity and profi tability of production. At the same time, the best eff ectiveness was shown by the additive RusMA No. 2 at the dose of 350 g/head/day. The use of RusMA additives during the experiment period (105 days) allowed to increase the milk productivity of cows in the 1st experimental group by 6,03 % and in the 2nd experimental group by 8,24 %. Taking into account the fat content in milk, this diff erence was 6,31 and 8,53 %, respectively. The energy value of milk from cows of the experimental groups was higher compared to the control group by 2,45 and 1,76 %, respectively. According to the content of dry matter in milk, cows of the 2nd experimental group exceeded the control and 1st experimental group by 0,39 and 0,12 abs.%, respectively. The maximum milk fat content has been observed in the milk of cows of the 1st experimental group by 0,03 and 0,01 abs.% more than in the control and 2nd experimental groups, respectively. In terms of protein content, the cows of the 2nd experimental group signifi cantly exceeded the control group by 0,10 abs.% and the 1st experimental by 0,04 abs.%. The content of milk sugar in the 2nd experimental group was higher than in the control by 0,30 abs.% and compared to the 1st experimental by 0,11 %. Signifi cantly more calcium and phosphorus were contained in the milk of cows of the 2nd experimental group by 4,58 % (Р ≤ 0,001) and 2,86 % (Р ≤ 0,05), compared with the control group. The expenditures of feed in the EFU for the production of 1 kg of milk in animals of the 2nd experimental group was less by 5,13 % than in control cows and by 2,63 % compared to the 1st experimental group. The prime cost of 1 centner of milk was lower in the 2nd experimental group by 3,94 %, in the 1st experimental group by 2,65 % compared to the control group. The level of profi tability of milk production in the 2nd experimental group was higher by 9,0 and 1,0 abs.% in comparison with the control and 1st experimental groups, respectively.



Author(s):  
K. V. Kireeva ◽  
I. A. Pushkaryev ◽  
N. M. Kostomakhin ◽  
T. A. Litvintseva

In order to effectively provide the body of cows with energy during the increasing the milk yield without the risk of acidosis, progressive animal breeders of the Altai Territory include wet flattened corn grain in the composition of concentrated feed. The question of the expediency and economic effectiveness of using wet flattened corn grain for cows of various physiological groups – first-calf heifers and mature animals continues to be debatable. Therefore, a comparative assessment of two options for feeding wet flattened corn grain to cows under the conditions of the Altai Territory is considered promising in modern animal husbandry and is of great practical interest. The purpose of the work was to identify the optimal and economically feasible option for using wet flattened corn grain in the rations of lactating cows. When using wet flattened corn grains in an amount of 7,1 % of the nutritional value of the ration the first-calf heifers during the period of increasing the milk yield, productivity has increased by 20,9 %. The average daily milk yield was 17,3 kg, which significantly exceeded the indicator of the control group (P > 0,95). The inclusion of wet flattened corn grains in the ration of mature cows in the amount of 1 kg for 30–35 days before calving, then 4,5 kg from 15 to 75 days after calving allows us to get the average daily milk yield of 30 kg or 20,3 % higher than that of the control group of herdmates (P > 0,95). The effectiveness of the use of wet flattened corn grain had significant indicators: the total profit from the sale of dairy products of the first-calf heifers of the experimental group amounted to 16 251,3 rubles/head, and from the sale of milk of mature cows of the experimental group it was 30 346,43 rubles/head.



2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 420-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bomko ◽  
Yu. Kropyvka ◽  
L. Bomko ◽  
S. Chernyuk ◽  
S. Kropyvka ◽  
...  

<p><span lang="EN-US">To realize the genetic potential of animals, an important role should be taken to prevent the presence of mineral substances in the rations. Because of their lack of revenue in the body of animals the productivity is decreased, the reproductive function is disturbed, there is a disease. there are diseases.</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">Material for the scientific and economic experiment on the use of mixed ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt on the milk productivity of high-yielding cows and the exchange of Mangan in their body were Holstein animals, Ukrainian Black- Spotted dairy and Ukrainian Red - Spotted dairy breeds. The trace elements were introduced into feed concentrates, and they into the fodder mix by the method of weight dosing and multi-stage mixing. Balancing of rations of highly productive cows of the 1st control group to norm only Selenium, Kuprum and Iodine, led to a concentration in 1 kg DM (dry matter) of feed mix, mg: Zinc – 32.4; Manganese – 27.8; Cobalt – 0.27; Selenium – 0.3; Copper – 12 and Iodine – 1.1 and the lowest concentration of Mangan in milk and in the body. The cows of the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups were fed with all the trace elements to the norm (for the 2nd experimental group at the expense of zinc sulfates, manganese, cobalt, copper, selenium, Suplex of Selenium and potassium iodide, for the 3rd instead of zinc sulfates, manganese and mixed cobalt compounds were introduced into their ligand complexes). The concentration of trace elements in these groups in 1 kg of DM was, mg: Zinc – 76; Manganese – 76; Cobalt – 0,97; Copper – 12; Selenium – 0.3 and Iodine – 1.1. The concentration of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt in 1 kg of DM of fodder was reduced by 20% for cows of the 4th experimental group and by 30% for the 5th experimental group.</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">The results of the conducted searches indicate that the use in feeding of high-yielding cows of various doses of mixed ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt on the use of Suplex of Selenium and sulfate copper and potassium iodide in the first 100- days lactation positively affect the growth of their milk production. Animals of experimental groups dominated cows of analogues of the control group, rations of which were scarce on Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt, by average daily yield of natural milk, respectively, by 4.5; 5.8 and 4.0 kg, or 11.63: 14.99 and 10.34%, and these differences were reliable. While the average daily milk yield of cows of the 2nd experimental group exceeded the average daily yield of the 1st control group by 3.8 kg or by 9.82%. In milk of experimental cows, a single increase in the fat content of 0.01–0.09% was also noted. </span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">Carrying out balance research confirmed the data of milk productivity. Thus, in the body of cows of the 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups, more Manganese were deposited, respectively by: 540.7; 531.5, and 394.5 mg compared to control and by 367.1, 357.9, and 220.9 mg – in comparison with the 2nd experimental group; in experimental cows of groups 4 and 5, the manganese was deposited less by 9.2 and 146.2 mg in comparison with the 3rd experimental group. With milk in cows of the 1st control group during the day was allocated 20.8 mg of Manganese, and in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups it was allocated more, respectively by 6.7, 9.8, 15.4, and 10.6 mg. Manganese fecal excretion was less in comparison with the 2nd experimental group, in the cows of the 3rd experimental group it was less by 365.9 mg, in the 4<sup>th</sup> group – by 623.3 mg, and in the 5<sup>th</sup> group – by 691.4 mg.</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US">The use of mixed ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt enhances the milk productivity of high-yielding cows, reduces their need for these elements, improves their digestion and reduces their excretion with feces.</span></p>



2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
A. Kapsamun ◽  
E. Pavlyuchik ◽  
N. Ivanova ◽  
E. Vasileva ◽  
L. Puschkina

The article is devoted to the actual problem of studying the digestibility and metabolism of nitrogen in the body of cows when they feed haylage from the Galega orientalis. The experiment was conducted on winter rations of feeding, on black-motley cows with a productivity of 4500–5000 kg of milk. In the experiments, the methodological principle of ‘unity of intergroup differences’ and the presence of control animals was provided, which allowed to obtain objective data and reliable conclusions based on mathematical processing. An experimental assessment of haylage from Galega orientalis and Trifolium pratense is given, the influence of crops on the digestibility and use of nitrogen is studied. It was noted that the inclusion in the ration of experienced cows of haylage from Galega orientalis dairy had a beneficial effect on the digestibility of nutrients, the use of nitrogen from feed and its exchange in animals. The results showed that the animals of the experimental group consumed more nitrogen by 35.44 g than the control group. The nitrogen balance at the end of the experiment (on the 200th day of lactation) in the control group was 1.70 g, which is 17.76 g lower compared to the experimental group. Protein digestibility was 4.0% more, crude fiber — 10.96% (P <005), fat — 14.71% (P <0.05). Nitrogen was assimilated more efficiently: 40.10% from the accepted one and 64.50% from the digested one. The similar indicators in the control group were 31.70% and 54.40%, respectively. The use of nitrogen for the formation of milk in the experimental group was 33.5% of the accepted and 53.9% of the digested, in the control group these figures were at the level of 31.0% and 53.3%. It was noted that the inclusion in the ration of cows of haylage from Galega orientalis contributed to an increase in milk productivity by 9.2%, the excretion of protein with milk — by 18.4%, the content of carotene in the blood — by 12.3%.



Author(s):  
L. G. Levitskaya

The influence of feed with different contents in them in certain ratios lekarstvennogo and insoluble protein on the body of dairy cows. In particular, digestion in the rumen, digestibility of nutrients of feed, milk productivity and milk quality. Identify the differences in some indicators of digestion in the rumen of cows, the digestion of protein (carrying experience) on the background of the use of the experimental feed. In this grain component was subjected to extrusion and introduced maize, the protein which vikoristannya. Because of this, reduced the solubility of protein from 38% to 29% that is 9%. As a result, extended the time of their digestion in the rumen. So scar microflora sufficiently transformed the ammonia available for absorption of microbial protein, which has a positive impact on the processes of digestion and assimilation of nutrients and contributed to improving milk productivity in cows. The structure of the diets of both groups was identical and included: roughage is 12.5% juicy – 75.0%, concentrated to 12.5%. One fodder unit in the control group had 90.2 g digestible protein in experimental 89.6 g Sharapodinov attitude in control and experimental diets is 0,98. The ratio of mineral substances: CA : P in the control and experience is 1.6 : 1, N : S respectively of 7.3 and 6.9. On a more intensive course of metabolic processes show physiological and biochemical parameters in animals of the experimental group. Namely: reducing the amount of ammonia and the increase in the number of bacteria in the rumen. The composition of basic ration (PR), which included feed management. All experimental animals during the preparatory period received the same diet. Research in accounting period II (experienced) group – experimental mixed fodder in which to reduce the solubility of the protein component of grain (oats, barley, wheat) extrudable and additionally introduced maize grain (15%), the control group received commercial feed. Found that feeding the experimental feed, improved nitrogen metabolism in the organism of cows, heifers, which ultimately increased milk yield by 4.4% (vs. 26.3 to 25.2 kg). The reduction in feed costs and increase milk yield in cows of the experimental group resulted in a reduction of cost of 1 quintal of milk 27.1 UAH. and improve profitability by 2.3% against the control.



Author(s):  
I. Fayzullin ◽  
R. Islamov ◽  
N. Kostomakhin

Promising in feed production is the preparation of haylage with subsequent storage of herbage together with preservatives. The modern market off ers various chemical preservatives in the form of organic acids: propionic, formic, benzoic and their salts. Some disadvantages of preservatives of this group (volatility, toxicity, venom, ability to cause respiratory burns, corrosion, etc.) require to organize a search for new ones based on bacteria and enzymes. The purpose of the work was to increase the level of milk productivity of cows and quality of milk by using the preservatives Biosib and Silostan in the preparation of haylage. Scientifi c and economic experiment has been carried out in LLC “Agrofi rma Bairamgul” in the Uchalinsky area in the Republic of Bashkortostan. For the research, 36 Holstein cows have been selected, from which 3 groups of animals have been formed based on the principle of analogues per 12 heads in each. The input in the ration of lactating cows of grain and legume haylage prepared using the technology with the use of preservatives Biosib and Silostan contributes to the increase in milk productivity. The best eff ect has been demonstrated when using the drug Silostan (the 2nd experimental group), which can be explained by the diverse biological composition of microbes, as well as amino acid complexes, enzymes, vitamins and trace elements. The increase in milk productivity of cows of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups allows to reduce the prime cost of production, respectively according to groups, by 38,7 rubles or 3,31 % and 51,1 rubles or 4,43 %; to increase revenue from the sale of milk by 3186,5 rubles or 4,32 % and 3664,0 rubles or 7,24 %; net profi t by 1791,9 rubles or 17,97 % and 2570,6 rubles or 25,78 % and the level of profi tability by 4,14 and 5,52 % compared to the control group.



Author(s):  
A. R. Farkhutdinova ◽  
M. T. Sabitov ◽  
M. G. Malikova

The feasibility of using the complex mineral and vitamin feed additive “Nadezhda” in the rations of lactating first-calf heifers of Black-and-White breed has been examined in the article. It has been established that feed contain a low content of elements such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, copper, zinc and cobalt. The ratio of nutrients and minerals, the degree of their availability for assimilation by the body does not provide their need. The use of the complex mineral and vitamin feed additive contributed to an increase in the milk productivity of first-calf heifers and the quality of milk, feed consumption per unit of production. All tested recipes of the complex mineral and vitamin feed additive, which have different versions of macro-, microelements and vitamins in their composition had a positive effect on the metabolic processes in the body of animals. For the production of 1 kg of milk in the experimental groups of cows less metabolic energy was spent by 5,09 (P < 0,05) and 8,06 % (P < 0,05), respectively, raw protein by 5,19 and 8,19 % (P < 0,05), digestible protein by 5,12 (P < 0,05) and 8,15 % (P < 0,05) compared with the animals of the control group. At the same time from the cows of the 1st experimental group have been received more milk by 151,6 kg in the amount of 2489 rubles, from the 2nd experimental group by 250,6 kg of milk in the amount of 4248,0 rubles. The prime cost of production of 1 kg of milk in cows of the 1st experimental group in comparison with the animals of the control group decreased by 0,72 rubles, and the 2nd experimental group by 1,21 rubles. The level of profitability of milk production in cows have been fed with additive recipe No. 1, in comparison with the animals of the control group increased by 3,71 abs.%, recipe No. 2 by 9,91 abs.%.



1973 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Sachdeva ◽  
O. P. S. Sengar ◽  
S. N. Singh ◽  
I. L. Lindahl

SummaryThe project involved two breeds of Indian goats – Barbari and Jamunapari, three levels of energy and three levels of protein, making a total of 18 treatments. There being no specific recommendations for goats, the high, medium and low levels of energy (T.D.N.) and protein (D.C.P.) represented 125, 100 and 75% of Morrison's standard for sheep, respectively. A total of 97 Barbari and 87 Jamunapari does were allocated to the nine ration treatments and were bred within the breed naturally. The rations comprised a concentrate mixture (linseed cake and/or barley grain), dry roughage (gram bhusa), greens, mineral and trace-element mixtures and common salt. The effect of nutrition on reproductive performance, as revealed by the five and four kiddings completed in the Barbari and Jamunapari was as follows:While the first kiddings did not indicate a sizeable effect, the subsequent ones showed a significant effect of nutrition. Almost all the does in the low-energy groups, irrespective of the protein levels, did not kid for the last kidding under reference.The maximum percentage of twins was noted in high-energy-cum-high-protein (47·5%)and high-energy-cum-medium-protein (45·3%) groups of Barbari and Jamunapari respectively. The average twin-birth percentages, irrespective of nutrition, were 14·8, 37·3, 38·0 and 40·2 in Barbari and 9·0, 20·5 and 23·0 in Jamunapari respectively. Triplets, although rare, occurred within the Barbari but only one case occurred within the Jamunapari.On average Barbari and Jamunapari had 2·0 and 1·5 kids per doe per year in the high-energy-cum-medium-protein group compared with 1·0 and 0·4 in the low-energy ones, respectively. Furthermore, high- and medium-energy groups had shorter intervals between kiddings compared with the low-energy ones.



2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Marina Slozhenkina ◽  
Ivan Gorlov ◽  
Alexei Miroshnik ◽  
Dmitriy Nikolaev

The article presents an analysis of the use of antibiotic therapy in pig breeding and offered an alternative to them in the form of prebiotic supplements. Studies were conducted on the effect of probiotic drugs on the body of large white pigs in the farm-breeding plant Named after Lenin of Surovikinsky District of Volgograd Region and lasted until 180 days of age. For the experiment, 2 groups of Large White piglets of 2 months of age were formed. Each experimental group consisted of 15 pigs. Animals of the control group received standart farm animal diet (SD), analogs of the first experimental group SD + mixture of dietary supplements “LactuVet-1” and “Chlorelact” at a dosage of 0.2 mg / kg of live weight each. Deep studies were conducted on the effect of probiotic supplements to live weight gain, natural resistance, immunoglobulin reactivity, and slaughter indicators of piglets. Superiority of pigs from the experimental group in almost all the studied indicators over the peers of the control group was established.



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