Organizational and technological principles for improving technical service in the agro-industrial complex

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Z. N. Mishina
Keyword(s):  
High Capacity ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Technical Service ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Technological Base ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
Reliability Of Operation

To ensure highly efficient operation of agricultural machinery and equipment, it is necessary to improve the system of technical services in agriculture by creating specialized service centers. The system of maintenance in agriculture is characterized by a significant decrease in efficiency due to critical physical and moral wear of equipment of repair and technical enterprises (RTP), low level and insufficient qualification of Executive personnel and managers of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex (AIC). These changes led to the loss of the majority of RTP for agriculture and their re-equipment for non-agricultural production. According to experts, in the service sectors of agriculture, there was a loss of technological production and a significant part of applied science. This is especially worrisome due to the catastrophic aging of cars and the lack of funds to replace them. It is necessary to improve the General condition of the equipment of repair shops, the availability of existing agricultural enterprises with production areas is no more than 50%, technological equipment — no more than 47%, and technological equipment and equipment of workplaces — 15% — 40%, respectively. The priority areas of modernization of the infrastructure of technical service of agricultural machinery are related to updating the technological base of machine repair. Based on a reliable assessment and analysis of the technological level of RTP, which takes into account a number of technological, technical, organizational and environmental factors of production. RTP does not have the necessary equipment and devices to perform a number of maintenance and maintenance operations. The process of developing the technical service infrastructure lags far behind the level of structural and technological complexity of agricultural machinery. Due to technological requirements, such complex components and assemblies as engines, hydraulic equipment, fuel pumps of domestic and imported agricultural machinery should not be repaired in the conditions of farms. In a number of works proved the following provision: evaluation of the technological level repair enterprises shall be based on the application of such methods and means of technological preparation of production, which correspond to the advanced achievements of science and technology, and provide high-capacity system maintenance to continuous improvement. A high technological level of technical service enterprises is a condition for efficient operation of any type of production, ensuring its stability and reliability of operation, flexibility and adaptability, high intensity and waste-free operation.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES FOR CREATION INNOVATION CENTERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (141) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
ZOYA MISHINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Purpose ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Technical Service ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Technological Base ◽  
Reliability Of Operation ◽  
Production Areas

Timely conducting of all types of maintenance and routine repairs is possible only in the conditions of an innovative service center, equipped with the necessary equipment and having a complex of facilities to ensure favorable conditions for technical service. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in identifying opportunities for updating the technical service system in the agro-industrial complex by creating innovative service centers to ensure highly efficient operation of agricultural machinery and equipment. (Materials and methods) The system of maintenance in agriculture is characterized by a significant decrease in efficiency due to physical and moral wear of equipment of repair and technical enterprises, low level and insufficient qualification of personnel and managers of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. The availability of existing enterprises of the agro-industrial complex with production areas is no more than 50 percent, technological equipment is no more than 47 percent, and technological equipment and equipment for jobs are 15 and 40 percent. (Results and discussion) The modernization of the infrastructure of technical service of agricultural machinery is aimed at updating the technological base of machine repair. Repair and technical enterprises do not have the necessary equipment to perform a number of maintenance and routine repairs. The process of developing technical service infrastructure is significantly behind the level of structural and technological complexity of agricultural machinery. Due to technological requirements, complex components and assemblies, such as engines, hydraulic equipment, fuel pumps of domestic and imported agricultural machinery should not be repaired in the conditions of farms. (Conclusions) The high technological level of innovative technical service centers serves as a condition for efficient operation of production, ensuring its stability and reliability of operation, flexibility and adaptability, high intensity and waste-free operation.

Technological training of technical service enterprises

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Виктор Корнеев ◽  
Viktor Korneev ◽  
Игорь Кравченко ◽  
Igor Kravchenko ◽  
Дмитрий Петровский ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Technical Service ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
State Educational

The training manual describes the aspects of the organization of technological preparation of production of technical service enterprises. The method of selection of technological equipment in the system of technical service, based on a comparative assessment of technical and economic indicators. The issues of improving the efficiency of service enterprises of the agro-industrial complex in terms of reducing the level of their technical equipment on the basis of a systematic approach to the design of technological equipment by their modernization and justification of the rational composition and structure according to the criteria of resource saving. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation. For undergraduate students enrolled in the direction of 35.03.06 " Agroengineering "(profile of training"Technical service in the agro-industrial complex"). It may be of practical interest to a wide range of professionals involved in the organization of technical service of agricultural machinery in agriculture, design, modernization and operation of technological equipment and support.

EFFICIENCY OF TECHNICAL SERVICE OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Ekaterina F. Malykha ◽  
Yuri V. Kataev ◽  
Oleg Vladimirovich Zakarchevsky
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Service ◽  
Agricultural Machinery

Features and problems of formation of the system for utilization of agricultural equipment "Agricultural recycling" in AIC

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
V. I. Ignatov ◽  
V. S. Gerasimov ◽  
D. V. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Equipment ◽  
Complex Mechanization ◽  
Single Complex ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Sown Area

In the agro-industrial complex of Russia, the share of the main types of agricultural machinery with a service life of more than 10 years is: for tractors — 61 %, grain harvesters — 47, forage harvesters — 42 %. Due to the extremely low provision of the Russian agro-industrial complex with modern tractors, the energy supply per 100 hectares of sown area is 150 hp. with technologically required 300–350 hp. On cattle farms, the level of complex mechanization of technological processes has decreased by 23 . Within the standard period, no more than 20–25 % of technological equipment is used and only 5–8 % meet modern requirements. The problem of updating the park of domestic agricultural machinery and livestock equipment can be considered only in a single complex with the disposal of these machines and equipment.

Energy-saving technologies of technical service and processing of organic waste

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Anatoliy V. Fedotov
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Service ◽  
Supercritical Conditions ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Aluminum Oxyhydroxide

Agricultural production in the Russian Federation is several times more energy-and material-intensive than in developed countries. (Research purpose) The research purpose is evaluation of the effectiveness of energy-saving technologies for technical maintenance of equipment using nanostructured aluminum oxyhydroxide and hydrothermal processing of agricultural waste in supercritical conditions. (Materials and methods) Nanostructured aluminum oxyhydroxide (boehmite) was produced by hydrothermal synthesis from aluminum powders. Tribological studies were carried out on a four-ball friction machine, a special device from WAGNER, on friction machines 2070 SMT-1M and MTU. Bench-in run was carried out on the D-240 engine and gearbox of a mobile drilling rig. The crushed solid waste of the agro-industrial complex was used as adsorbents for organic wastewater pollution. Their joint processing was carried out under hydrothermal supercritical conditions. (Results and discussion) It has been shown that nanostructure boehmite has antifriction, antiwear and extreme pressure properties. The possibility of its use as a product for running of a diesel engine has been found. The application of the boehmite in oils accelerates the running-in of a diesel engine, provides savings in material, labor and energy resources. For running-in of power transmission units, an additive containing bemite, surfactant, talc and kaolin reduced the running-in time of the drilling rig gearbox by 2.5 times. The article shows that the crushed plant waste of the agro-industrial complex, such as buckwheat husk, rice, and sunflower can be effectively used as adsorbents for the localization of pollution and wastewater treatment of agricultural enterprises. Subsequent processing of the adsorbent saturated with organic matter under hydrothermal supercritical conditions ensures the complete processing of organic substances to produce purified water and a high-enthalpy vapor-gas mixture or combustible gases, depending on the processing conditions. (Conclusions) Energy-saving technologies for the technical service of a diesel engine and transmission units can be based on the use of tribotechnical materials containing nanostructure boehmite. Technological solutions for energy-saving technologies for processing solid and liquid organic waste can consist in adsorption wastewater treatment followed by hydrothermal treatment in supercritical conditions.

Life cycle of self-propelled machinery with waste generation at its disposal

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Valeriy S. Gerasimov ◽  
Vladimir I. Ignatov ◽  
Konstantin G. Sovin
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Secondary Resources ◽  
Branch System ◽  
Additional Funding

According to forecasts for 2022, the number of self-propelled agricultural machinery that will fail will be about 100 thousand units. This will have a significant impact on the overall productivity in the field of agricultural production and will require additional financial costs for effective resource-saving environmental-oriented utilization of agricultural machinery with the maximum recovery of secondary resources in the processing of its components. (Research purpose) The research purpose is considering the main life cycles of machinery, including agricultural, and determining the possibility of obtaining secondary resources in the recycling of components of machinery and equipment. (Materials and methods) The authors found that the establishment of an industry-wide recycling system would allow the reuse of usable and recovered parts obtained from decommissioned equipment, as well as receive additional funding from the sale of secondary resources. The authors have found that for the functioning of the whole system, it is necessary to work with a large amount of data related to the ongoing recycling processes, as well as constantly monitor changes in the state and properties of materials. They also found that the maximum use of digital technology is the only way to combine all these requirements and make the system work. (Results and discussion) The article reviews the key points of the use of life cycle method for equipment, including agricultural, reviews the state of machine and tractor park of agro-industrial complex, shows the possibility of using resource-saving ecologically oriented branch system of recycling of agricultural machinery, as well as the movement of waste and material flows in the processing components of utilized machines. (Conclusion) The article presents recommendations on the possibility of efficient disposal of equipment, including agricultural, with the maximum recovery of secondary resources from recycled waste.

OPTIMIZATION OF THE REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE BASE OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (144) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Yuriy V. Katayev ◽  
◽  
Valeriy S. Gerasimov ◽  
Vladimir I. Ignatov ◽  
Zoya N. Mishina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Technical Readiness

The repair industry in almost all countries has entered a critical period, characterized by the need to combine and use various strategies and technologies for maintenance and repair of new equipment, as well as equipment produced many years ago. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in analyzing the state of the repair and maintenance base of the agro-industrial complex and justifying the possibilities of its modernization using intelligent technologies. (Materials and methods) Authors used methods of generalizing data from various services of agro- industrial formations of individual regions, materials of scientific and technical literature and research developments, studied data on the practical use of modern resource-saving technologies by engineering services of the agro-industrial complex of the regions when carrying out repairs and service and technological services. (Results and discussion) The lack of information about the state of the repair and maintenance base makes it difficult to determine all the criteria associated with the transition of manufacturers to a contract of the entire life cycle. Obtaining information about the state of the repair and maintenance base of the agro-industrial complex is a very important stage that contributes to the modernization of this base and attracting not only the governments, but also agricultural machinery manufacturers to modernization. (Conclusions) The technological level of the enterprises of the repair and maintenance base of agriculture has significantly decreased in recent years, and this has affected the decline in technical readiness indicators, which confirms the need to conduct research and implement in practice the main measures related to the modernization of the specified repair and maintenance base.

scholarly journals Импортозамещение в отечественном сельхозмашиностроении как фактор повышения конкурентоспособности отрасли

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-88
Author(s):  
Наталья Коваленко ◽  
Андрей Чекунов
Keyword(s):  
Import Substitution ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Agricultural Equipment ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Effective Development

Статья посвящена анализу и оценке мер государственной поддержки импортозамещения в национальном сельхозмашиностроении. Рассматриваются ход и результаты государственной поддержки импортозамещения в отрасли, недостатки, эффективность. Предложены шаги, способные повысить эффективность государственной поддержки импортозамещения в сельхозмашиностроении Российской Феде-рации. Effective development of domestic agricultural engineering ensures the achievement of high production volumes of agri-food products. To improve the national production of agricultural machinery, the leading countries of the world provide state support to their pro-ducers. At the same time, these countries stimulate the development of the industry in order to dominate their producers in the domestic market, and to expand into the markets of foreign countries. For a long time, Russia has been the object of widespread expansion by foreign manufacturers of agricultural equipment. At the same time, under the conditions of economic sanctions, dependence on im-ported agricultural equipment limits the development of the domes-tic agro-industrial complex. Significantly reduce dependence on foreign supplies of agricultural equipment and ensure the competi-tiveness of domes- tic products should be implemented in the indus-try's current policy of import substitution. The purpose of the article is to analyze the implementation of the policy of import substitution in domes-tic agricultural machinery and assess its impact on the development of the industry. Government sup-port has a significant impact on the development of the industry, which is confirmed by statistical data and materials of market participants. Analysis of the literature and regulatory acts showed that the state financial support for the industry is carried out in 4 areas: industrial, technological, marketing and personnel. The effectiveness of state support is determined by the state of the industry, the situation on the domestic market of agricultural equipment and the achievement of support goals. To date, govern-ment support measures for import substitution in the industry have not ensured its stable development and increased competitiveness of the products produced. The authors analyzed the implementation of the state policy of import substitution in the domestic agricultural machinery in the framework of the relevant sectoral plan. Based on the analysis, a conclusion was made about the need to improve measures of state support for the industry.

Structure of technical service in agro-industrial complex

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
E. A. Gradov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Service ◽  
Organizational System

The article deals with the issues of modern technical service and its organizational system in the system of engineering and technical support of the agro-industrial complex. The efficiency of agricultural production is mainly influenced by the level of organization in the technical service industry.

THE CONCEPT OF RECYCLING OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY AND THE GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (144) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Yuriy V. Katayev ◽  
◽  
Valeriy S. Gerasimov ◽  
Vladimir I. Ignatov ◽  
Nikolay K. Baulin
Keyword(s):  
Research Purpose ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Working Out

In a broad sense, the utilization of agricultural machinery is a set of technical, organizational, economic, legal, financial and environmental measures to ensure the effective utilization of agricultural machinery, its aggregates (compo-nents of the technical base) at the final stage of the life cycle in order to maximize involvement in economic turnover. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in analyzing the work of foreign and domestic authors related to the formation of a resource-saving, environmentally-oriented system for recycling equipment. (Materials and methods) The article presents diverse studies in various areas, in which various materials and methods were used. Authors used a large amount of data characterizing the possibilities of creating a system for recycling agricultural ma-chinery in the agro-industrial complex of Russia, based on the state of the agricul-tural machine-tractor fleet, its age characteristics and the ability of engineering enterprises to carry out this type of activity. The obtained information was processed using statistical analysis methods. (Results and condemnation) The developed con-cept determines the necessity of creating a specific (industry-specific) system for the disposal of agricultural machinery in the agro-industrial complex of Russia as a component of a unified system for the disposal of machinery. (Conclusions) The conducted research showed that Russia is significantly lagging behind foreign countries in solving the problem of recycling equipment, so the best option can be considered to be working out the recycling mechanism in the process of building a local (industry) recycling system at the regional level. This will allow us to work out the elements of the national system for the disposal of decommissioned equip-ment in a relatively short time with minimal expenditure of various kinds of resources. The article presents the amount of subsidies for the creation of a specific system for the disposal of agricultural machinery in Russia.

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