scholarly journals REGULAR BUILDING AS AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT OF THE HISTORICAL URBAN ENVIRONMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF SAINT PETERSBURG)

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
I. Pasechnik ◽  
N. Marushina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
Historic Centre ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

In the context of an ever-increasing level of urbanization, the historical urban environment is one of the most studied phenomena in modern theory and practice of heritage conservation. The change in the paradigm of heritage that has taken place over the past decades and the recognition of man as one of the most important components of the heritage protection system contribute to the development of the legal apparatus and of new approaches to preserving cities. The article traces the relationship between the transformation of ideas about the value of an urbanized territory as an object of heritage and the evolution of its protection tools, reveals the role of various elements in maintaining the integrity of urban fabric based on analysis of international and Russian regulatory documents. The regular building is recognized as an element, which allows maintaining cultural identity and at the same time developing valuable characteristics of the historical environment, ensuring the invariability of the perceived image of the city. The historic centre of St. Petersburg, which has an internationally recognized architectural, urban and intangible (associative, memorial) values and is therefore inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, is characterized by exceptional integrity and authenticity of the historical urban environment. These qualities require special and based on the principles of sustainability approaches to the development of the territory, which will ensure the maintenance of the integrity of the urban environment as an element of human environment.

scholarly journals Considerazioni sulla conservazione di un paesaggio archeologico etrusco: il caso delle fortificazioni di Cerveteri

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Vagnarelli
Keyword(s):  
World Heritage ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
City States ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Archaeological Landscape

Considerations on the conservation of an etruscan archaeological landscape: the case of Cerveteri fortificationsWhere now stands the city of Cerveteri (RM), between the ninth and third century BC took form one of the most important city-states of Etruria: Caere. Today this place is especially noted for the presence of the Etruscan necropolis of Banditaccia, inserted in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2004. The remains of the ancient fortifications, that represent one of the most interesting and well-preserved examples of an Etruscan defensive wall, are instead less known. Due to a prolonged abandonment and a presence of uncontrolled vegetation, the conservation of this testimony is now compromised by visible signs of deterioration. At the same time, this condition has defined a suggestive archaeological landscape in which architecture and nature coexist in a precarious balance. This contribution tries to deepen the importance of preserving this evocative symbiosis and proposes a possible conservative approach that could manage the relationship between ruins and vegetation.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF LANDSCAPE COMPONENT IN THE CREATION OF «HUMAN SCALE» URBAN ENVIRONMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 284-288
Author(s):  
Irina Lukina ◽  
Angelina Selivanova ◽  
B. Temirsultanova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
Visual Contact ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Human Scale ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Systematic Understanding ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

Excessive increase in the size of the main urban development objects on the one hand, and the creation of abstract volumes of the urban environment that do not have any familiar details comparable to the size of a person on the other hand, creates an architecture completely divorced from people and hostile to them. Therefore, there was a need to justify the use of landscape components to create a medium-scale human environment. The natural environment is that component of the spatial planning structure of the city, which, if properly placed, will absorb the negative psychological effect of the perception of huge undifferentiated abstract arrays of buildings in a re-compacted urban environment. The main criterion for the psychological comfort of a city dweller is the visual contact of a person in the house with the street, the ability to see the details and, most importantly, understand what they are in relation to the person. Along with small architectural forms, such elements will be trees, shrubs, benches, information boards, which have constant and understandable ergonomic dimensions. This is what is always referred to in the term anthropocentrism in architecture. The article proposes to clarify the concept of “human scale” on the basis of a systematic understanding of scale in architecture, and then this category of scale is considered not as a compositional means of aesthetic expressiveness of the urban environment, but as a factor in biological safety and physical survival of a person in conditions of total urbanization.

scholarly journals Assembling the multitude: questions about agency in the urban environment

Urban History ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOROTHEE BRANTZ
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban History ◽  
Technological Systems ◽  
Political Concern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Actors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

In recent years, urban history has witnessed an expansion of actors. Historians have substantially and continuously extended their perspectives when it comes to examining the forces that drive urban developments. This expansion to an ever-broader range of human and increasingly also non-human actors (e.g. animals, technological systems and resources such as water) has opened up many new venues for investigations. It has also raised new questions about the role of cities in the history of social change. One of the most provocative ideas involves the claim that cities themselves should be considered agents and proprietors of change. Such notions of urban agency are premised on the assumption that, on the whole, cities are more than the sum of their parts. In this context, urbanization is not just viewed as the outcome of other determining societal forces, most notably capitalism. Instead, cities themselves are understood as determining entities and powerful enablers or preventers of material transformations. The investigative potential of such a perspective is tremendous, but the possible pitfalls should also not be underestimated. Exploring the explanatory prospects of urban agency requires, first of all, a critical engagement with both of the terms ‘agency’ and ‘the urban’. In my brief contribution to this roundtable, I would like to offer two points to the discussion: the first centres on the relationship between agency and intentionality/responsibilities, which is ultimately a political concern; the second aims to differentiate between the city as an entity and the urban as a process. Such a distinction, in turn, poses conceptual as well as methodological questions regarding the efficacy of agency as an urban concept.

scholarly journals PRINCIPLES OF FORMING A GREEN FRAME IN THE CITY STRUCTURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
O. A. Kryzhantovska ◽  
◽  
E S. Evstigneeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Ecological Planning ◽  
Ecological Compensation ◽  
Green Architecture ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
The City

In the last decade, the issue of forming a green framework system during the development and organization of cities, the structure and principles of its formation has been widely discussed. Meanwhile, the concept of a green framework in urban planning and ecology is different, which requires the synthesis and analysis of these concepts in urban ecology. The article is devoted to determining the role of the natural framework in the structure of the modern urban environment, it also highlights key issues related to urban development features of the formation of the green framework in the structure of the city, at the same level with the problems of its organization. This article reflects various approaches to the development of a green framework in an urban environment and the problems in its formation in modern conditions. The role of the green framework as the basis for ecological planning of the territory and optimization of the quality of the urban environment is considered. In the process of analysis, we conclude that the main aspects of compensation in urban areas are the preservation and development of the gardening system, the determination of their size and connectedness, ecological and urban planning functions that provide ecological compensation for the city, as well as the creation of green architecture. The preservation and growth of green spaces in cities is one of the main environmental tasks. The indifferent attitude of citizens to their environment is a serious urgent problem. The article raises the issue of increasing the civic activity of residents of megacities in the field of preserving the green frame of cities. The successful experience in the conservation of natural resources and the development of green public areas is described on the example of 5 European cities. The obtained results can be used by architects for the theory and practice of the formation of green frames in a modern urban environment.

The Failure of Functional Theologies of Ministry and the Promise of a Relational Alternative

Ecclesiology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
Graham Buxton
Keyword(s):  
Pastoral Theology ◽  
Pastoral Ministry ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Theological Method ◽  
Systematic Theology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Practical Ministry ◽  
Pastoral Theory ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe author critiques inductive approaches to pastoral theology that rely on the empirical methodology of the social and human sciences, and presents an alternative Christocentric praxis model of pastoral ministry. The result is an attempt to integrate pastoral theory and practice that shifts the perspective away from functionally-determined theologies of ministry to a relationally oriented and hermeneutically coherent model of orthopraxis in which theory and practice interact in a way that is intended to both deepen faith and transform lives. Some of the key themes that inform the discussion are the importance of theological method, the role of the community as the context for care, the relationship between practical ministry and systematic theology, and the notion of praxis in articulating the nature and scope of practical theology today.

The Role of Industrial Ecology in Maximizing the Value of the Organization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-53
Author(s):  
Nazar Rasheed Nori ◽  
Sandeep Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Industrial Ecology ◽  
Water Industry ◽  
Independent Research ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Primary Hypothesis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The research aims to show the role of industrial ecology in optimizing the value of mineral water industry organizations in the city of Dohuk through the adoption of a significant problem: What is the role of industrial ecology in optimizing the value of organizations? The researcher has adopted a primary hypothesis in studying the problem. The researcher also measured the reality of the problem and the validity of the hypothesis on the method of opinion questionnaire: a sample of organizations of mineral water industry consisting of 27 individuals using a questionnaire consisting of a set of questions related to the independent research variables (industrial ecology) and the approved variable (the value of the organization). The number of questions related to the independent variable was 10 questions, and 16 questions were related to the dependent variable. Then the researchers used some statistical methods in analyzing the questionnaire. The relationship and impact between industrial ecology and the value of the organization has been settled. The researchers have reached a significant conclusion that there is a positive correlation between the two research variables and that the industrial ecology affects the maximization of the value of mineral water industry organizations in the market of the city of Dohuk (0.114 once).

Paternity leave: stepchild of family-friendly policies. Moderating the role of traditional masculinity ideology

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhawana Maheshwari ◽  
Jatin Pandey ◽  
Aditya Billore
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Support ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Masculinity Ideology ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Paternity Leave ◽  
Traditional Masculinity ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to demonstrate the importance and influence of paternity leave on individual level organizational outcomes. Drawing on signaling theory, the study examines the relationship between paid paternity leave entitlement (PPLE) and organizational attractiveness (OA) through a mediating path of anticipated organizational support (AOS). Furthermore, the study proposes that this mediated relationship would be conditional on traditional masculinity ideology (TMI) such that the relationship would be stronger for individuals who score low on TMI.Design/methodology/approachThe study analyzed a moderated mediation model using the data from a survey experiment. Data were collected from 264 professionals enrolled in an executive education course and will soon be looking for employment.FindingsThe findings supported the mediating role of AOS between PPLE and OA. As predicted, the positive impact of PPLE on AOS and OA is stronger for individuals scoring low on TMI.Originality/valueThis study takes a multidisciplinary approach to understand the underlying mechanisms that impact decisions related to employers. It is one of the few studies that study paternity leave in the Indian context and makes important contributions to theory and practice.

Mapping the urban environment using real-time physiological monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitra Dritsa ◽  
Nimish Biloria
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Contextual Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Stress

PurposeThis paper presents a critical review of studies which map the urban environment using continuous physiological data collection. A conceptual model is consequently presented for mitigating urban stress at the city and the user level.Design/methodology/approachThe study reviews relevant publications, examining the tools used for data collection and the methods used for data analysis and data fusion. The relationship between urban features and physiological responses is also examined.FindingsThe review showed that the continuous monitoring of physiological data in the urban environment can be used for location-aware stress detection and urban emotion mapping. The combination of physiological and contextual data helps researchers understand how the urban environment affects the human body. The review indicated a relationship between some urban features (green, land use, traffic, isovist parameters) and physiological responses, though more research is needed to solidify the existence of the identified links. The review also identified many theoretical, methodological and practical issues which hinder further research in this area.Originality/valueWhile there is large potential in this field, there has been no review of studies which map continuously physiological data in the urban environment. This study covers this gap and introduces a novel conceptual model for mitigating urban stress.

scholarly journals Investigating Organizational Commitment as the Outcome of Job Satisfaction: A Study of Banking Sector of Pakistan

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Saeed Hashmi ◽  
Dr. Imran Haider Naqvi
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Sample Characteristics ◽  
Intrinsic Job Satisfaction ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to elaborate the role of job satisfaction in committing employees with organization. This study tested the effect of both components of job satisfaction (intrinsic and extrinsic) of on organizational commitment in banking sector of Pakistan. Data was gathered from employees working in banks of Pakistan. The study has uses descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) to identify sample characteristics and inferential statistics (multiple linear regression) to find out the relationship between variables. Results showed the significant and positive effect of both components of job satisfaction on organizational commitment. This study is a contribution to theory and practice with an increased understanding on importance of job satisfaction in committing the employees with the organization.   Keywords: Intrinsic Job Satisfaction, Extrinsic Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment  

scholarly journals Keterlibatan Masyarakat Urban dalam Pengolahan Sampah Rumah Tangga

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 729
Author(s):  
Yosica Mariana
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Government ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Regional Governments

Generally, activities conducted by people generate waste. The waste which increasingly rises causing a big problem. Therefore, the role of community in waste management will strongly support the process of solving the waste problem in the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of engagement and active participation of citizens, as reflected in the attitude of citizens in the activities related to the response to the waste problem in the community. A descriptive method was used in this study to describe the involvement and participation in the prevention of waste. The result showed that the paradigm of PSBM (community-based waste management) appeared sporadically and has not yet received the maximum support from regional governments. A paradigm which is “people pay, the government manages“, has grown within the community for years. It would hardly change people’s behaviour patterns in solving the waste problem in the community since changing the city into a city that is clean, comfortable and healthy involved many parties, including the community.

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