IMPACT OF ZINC SUPPLEMENTATION ON MORBIDITY FROM DIARRHEA NAD ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS AMONG MALNOURISHED CHILDREN AGED UNDER 5 YEARS AT HUONG HO COMMUNNE, HUONG TRA DISTRICT, THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE

2011 ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Thu Cu Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Study Methods ◽  
Zinc Supplement ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children Under 5

Tittle: study the impact of Zinc supplement on acute respiratory infection and diarrhea in children under 5 yrs at Huong ho commune, Huong tra district, Thua Thien Hue province. Background: diarhea and pneumonia are two common diseases in malnutrition children. The studies showed that zinc is a microsubstance to improve the immune capacicty of children. Many studies showed that malnutrition children gone with zinc deficiency. The study is aim to assess the impact of zinc supplement on malnutrition children with diarrhea and acute respiratory infection (ARI). Population and study methods: Population: 129 malnutrition children under 5 yrs living at Huong ho commune, Huong tra district, Thua Thien Hue province. Study methods: intervene at community with control group. 2 groups of children have the similarity of age, sex, level of malnutrition, avarage weight. Study group: supplement with Zinc 10 mg/day x 30 days. Control group: no zinc supplement. Both groups were followed up about diarrhea and ARI every week in 6 months. Result: In 6 months, there was 24,6% of children in study group has the diseases while in control group was 43,7% (p<0,05). Avarage time of diarrhea per period in study group was shorter significantly than in control group (4,1±0,8 vs 6,0±1,4) (p<0,01). There was no diferrence in average diarrhea period, incidence of diarrhea between study group and control group. There still did not find out the difference in ARI period, incidence of ARI between study group and control group. Conclusion: Zinc supplement for malnutrition children is to reduce the general acquired rate of diarrhea and ARI, especially to reduce the time of diarrhea period. This study did not find out the improvement of acquired ARI in study group with zince supplement. Keywords: Malnutrition, zinc, diarrhea

Impact of pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart disease with hemodynamic repercussion on the severity of acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years of age at a pediatric referral center in Colombia, South America

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1866-1873
Author(s):  
Diego A. Lozano-Espinosa ◽  
Victor M. Huertas-Quiñones ◽  
Carlos E. Rodríguez-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children Under 5

AbstractBackground:Acute respiratory infection is one of the main causes of morbidity in children. Some studies have suggested that pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart disease with haemodynamic repercussion increase the severity of respiratory infections, but there are few publications in developing countries.Methods:This was a prospective cohort study evaluating the impact of pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart disease (CHD) with haemodynamic repercussion as predictors of severity in children under 5 years of age hospitalised for acute respiratory infection.Results:Altogether, 217 children hospitalised for a respiratory infection who underwent an echocardiogram were evaluated; 62 children were diagnosed with CHD with haemodynamic repercussion or pulmonary hypertension. Independent predictors of admission to intensive care included: pulmonary hypertension (RR 2.14; 95% CI 1.06–4.35, p = 0.034), respiratory syncytial virus (RR 2.52; 95% CI 1.29–4.92, p = 0.006), and bacterial pneumonia (RR 3.09; 95% CI 1.65–5.81, p = 0.000). A significant difference was found in average length of hospital stay in children with the cardiovascular conditions studied (p = 0.000).Conclusions:Pulmonary hypertension and CHD with haemodynamic repercussion as well as respiratory syncytial virus and bacterial pneumonia were predictors of severity in children with respiratory infections in this study. Early recognition of cardiovascular risks in paediatric populations is necessary to lessen the impact on respiratory infections.

scholarly journals Bacterial Lysate in the Therapy of Acute and Recurrent Respiratory Infections in Children

Doctor Ru ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
O.I. Pikuza ◽  
◽  
R.A. Faizullina ◽  
A.M. Zakirova ◽  
T.B. Moroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Bacterial Lysate ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Infections ◽  
Study Results

Study Objective: To study the clinical efficacy of adding the novel mechanical bacterial lysate to the therapy and its effect for the local immunity in children with acute and recurrent respiratory infections in children. Study Design: comparative study. Materials and Methods. The study included 97 children hospitalised with uneventful moderate bronchitis. The subjects were divided into two groups comparable on all selection parameters. Study group: 54 patients, 3 to 10 years old, who had a microbial immunomodulatory (bacterial lysate) added to the standard therapy, 1 sublingual tablet once daily: 25 children with acute bronchitis — for 10 days; 29 children with recurrent bronchitis — 3 x 10 days with 20-day intervals. Control group included 43 children of the same age (22 subjects with acute disease and 21 — with recurrent disease) who were prescribed general therapy only. Clinical examination results and local immunity were assessed using rhinocytogram and cytokine status. Study Results. The clinical effect of the bacterial lysate was 2.4-fold reduction in acute respiratory infection rate. Acute respiratory infection duration reduced by 1.3 times. Arrest of the respiratory syndrome with the help of bacterial lysate was recorded in 10.3 ± 0.2 days, while in control group it was 13.5 ± 0.4 days (р = 0.041). The study group demonstrated statistically significant reduction in the neutrophil and epithelial cell court (rhinocytogram), interleukin-8 and tumour necrosis factor α, markers of a system respiratory inflammation. Conclusion. Prescription of the product for prevention and therapy ensures reduction in morbidity rates; it is well-tolerated, easy-to-use and has no adverse drug reactions, facilitating compliance in children and their parents. Keywords: children, acute and recurrent infections, bacterial lysate.

scholarly journals Impact of hygienic and social distancing measures against SARS-CoV-2 on respiratory infections caused by other viruses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Reina ◽  
◽  
Ricardo M. Arcay ◽  
María Busquets ◽  
Herminia Machado
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Contact Material ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. To control the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, the implementation of social and hygienic confinement measures was determined in all countries. These measures reduce the circulation of most respiratory viruses that are transmitted preferentially by air and contact. Material and methods. The impact of these measures on non-Covid respiratory viruses during the period August-December 2020 and 2019 has been comparatively analyzed. To all nasopharyngeal aspirates that were negative against SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR and the suspicion of acute respiratory infection persisted, were subjected to a new RT-PCR that simultaneously and differentially amplifies 21 different respiratory viruses. Results. In the year of the pandemic, a 36.6% decrease was detected in the number of respiratory samples studied and 66% in their positivity in relation to 2019. All viruses showed reduction percentages of between 40-100%. The only viruses that circulated during and after national lockdown were rhinovirus (74.1%), adenovirus (10.1%), and enterovirus (9.6%). Conclusion. The measures used to control the SARS-CoV-2 infection have also affected the community circulation of most respiratory viruses including influenza and respiratory syncytial virus.

scholarly journals Respiratory syncytial virus infection among young children with acute respiratory tract infection in Iraq

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 941-948
Author(s):  
K. A. Albargish ◽  
H. J. Hasony
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Children Under 5

The incidence of respiratory syncytial virus infection was assessed among 516 children under 5 years with acute respiratory infection and 57 control children free of respiratory infection to determine its relation to epidemiological variables. Respiratory syncytial virus was detected in 188 [37.6%]children with acute respiratory infection and in none of the control group. The infection was highest in those with severe acute respiratory infection, particularly severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia and it precipitated acute bronchial asthma in children over 2 years. The infection was most common in the first 6 months and both sexes were equally affected. Socioeconomic factors and crowding played no significant role in the incidence and spread of the infection. Breastfeeding had no clear protective effect against the infection

scholarly journals The Incidence, Predisposing Factors, Complications and Outcome of Preeclampsia in Diabetic Pregnancy

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Jesmin ◽  
S Jahan ◽  
MI Khan ◽  
N Sultana ◽  
J Jerin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Diabetic Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Intrauterine Death ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pregnant Diabetic

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy and common cause of fetal and maternal morbidity as well as mortality worldwide. In diabetic women, the chance of preeclampsia is increased. The incidence of preeclampsia in diabetic pregnancy is approximately 10 to 15 percent, which is associated with poor glycaemic control. Aim: This study was carried out to find the predisposing factors related to preeclampsia and determine the complications of preeclampsia in diabetic pregnancy and also the impact of preeclampsia in infants born to diabetic mothers. Methods: This prospective study was carried out at the Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka. The Patient population consisted of 80 diabetic pregnant women who attended or admitted to BIRDEM hospital during the study period. The women were divided into groups: 50 pregnant diabetic women with preeclampsia were taken as case. 30 pregnant diabetic women without preeclampsia were taken as control. Diagnosis of preeclampsia was made on the basis of the criteria of the Committee on Terminology of the American College of Obstetrician and Gynecologist. Results: Preterm delivery (<37 weeks gestation) was higher among study group (64%) compared to control (33.3%) women. Term delivery was 36.0 vs 66.7 percent among case and control women, respectively. The distribution is statistically significant (P<0.01). 35 percent of Caesarean section was done due to fetal distress in the study group and in control group it was 20 percent. In study group, 22.5 percent Caesarean sections were done due to impending eclampsia and eclampsia, 705 percent due to accidental haemorrhage and 5 percent due to IUGR. Maternal complication in study and control subjects. In the case group, maximum number of the women (16%) showed signs of impending eclampsia, while among control women, maximum number (10%) developed postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). 48 percent neonates were of low birth weight and in controls it was 13.3 percent. Both hyperbilirubinaemia (40%) and hypoglycaemia (30%) were more in study group than controls (16.66% and 20%, respectively). Perinatal outcome among study group and controls. Neonatal survival was 82.0 percent in study group and 86.7 percent in control group. Comparison of Perinatal outcome between the groups is not statistically significant. Most of the perinatal mortality was due to prematurity (8%) and intrauterine death (6%). In control group, most of the perinatal deaths were due to congenital anomalies (6.6%). Conclusion: The higher incidence among study group may be, in part, the result of more preterm birth or shortened gestational duration because early delivery is a consequence of preeclampsia. The higher rate in associated with preeclampsia was due to increased incidence of IUD and prematurity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v1i1.12379 Birdem Med J 2011; 1(1): 10-14

scholarly journals Impact of oligohydramnios on maternal and perinatal outcome: a comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3205
Author(s):  
Sreelakshmi U. ◽  
Tushara Bindu ◽  
Subhashini T.
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Umbilical Artery Doppler ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Background: Oligohydramnios has got significant impact on perinatal outcome and maternal morbidity. Therefore, early detection and its management will help in reduction of perinatal morbidity and mortality, decreased operative interventions. Hence, the present study is undertaken to study the impact of oligohydromnios on perinatal-maternal outcome.Methods: The present study was prospective comparative observational study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mallareddy Narayana Multispecialty Hospital, reputed teaching hospital from January 2015 to August 2017. The women were divided into study and control groups based on AFI, 100 cases were selected in each group.Results: Out of the 200 women, included in the present study, in study group AFI <5 cm was present in 51% of patients and AFI 5-8 cm in 49% of patients. Doppler abnormalities found in study group (n = 33). 32% of the patients in study group had non-reactive NST while in control group 8%. Caesarean section was performed in 70% of cases in study group as compared to 9% in control group. Foetal distress was the most common indication for LSCS. There were no perinatal deaths in this study.Conclusions: In this study amniotic fluid index of ≤5 cm was commonly associated with increased cesarean section rates, intrauterine growth restriction, Non-reactive NST and abnormal umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry studies. Hence, every case of oligohydramnios needs to be evaluated carefully, early detection and initiation of appropriate treatment and treat the cause if possible.

scholarly journals How Did Prenatal Education Impact Women’s Perception of Pregnancy and Postnatal Life in a Romanian Population

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Anca Maria Balasoiu ◽  
Octavian Gabriel Olaru ◽  
Romina Marina Sima ◽  
Liana Ples
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Newborn Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Prenatal Education ◽  
Questionnaire Online ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Official Information

Background and Objectives: Prenatal education represents an important part of maternal prenatal care in Western countries. In Romania, prenatal education is of recent interest but there is no official information about prenatal courses and their impact on prenatal care and patients in Romania. Material and methods: A prospective study based on the STROBE statement was designed in order to assess the prenatal education delivered in our unit. The study group included women who gave birth at Bucur Maternity, “Saint. John” Hospital, Bucharest, Romania and attended the prenatal courses, compared with a control group (women who gave birth in our unit but did not attend the prenatal lecture). Patients’ perception about the impact of prenatal education was collected by applying a questionnaire. Results: The analysis included 89 women who fulfilled the questionnaire online. In our study, 62 women (69.7%) attended the prenatal education classes and represented the study group while 27 women (30.3%) constituted the control group. Women who attended the prenatal lecture recognized the utility of the topic regarding newborn care (90.3%), while women from the control group did not consider it useful (n = 55.6%), χ2 = 18.412, p < 0.001. Patients from the study group admitted the importance of the topics (93.5%) from the lectures about breast feeding, while the percentage of these women from the control group is significantly lower (55.6%) χ2 = 27.867, p < 0.001. Conclusions: The benefits of prenatal education were recognized by women who attended the prenatal lecture, while women who did not participate underestimated the utility of the topics. Further actions are required to inform mothers about the necessity of antenatal education.

scholarly journals Positive Airway Pressure Therapy Adherence with Mask Resupply: A Propensity-Matched Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 720
Author(s):  
Adam Benjafield ◽  
Liesl Oldstone ◽  
Leslee Willes ◽  
Colleen Kelly ◽  
Carlos Nunez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Billing Data ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
Therapy Termination ◽  
Few Data ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

There are currently few data on the impact of mask resupply on longer-term adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy. This retrospective analysis investigated the effects of mask/mask cushion resupply on the adherence to PAP versus no resupply. Deidentified patient billing data for PAP supply items were merged with telemonitoring data from Cloud-connected AirSense 10/AirCurve 10 devices via AirViewTM (ResMed). Eligible patients started PAP between 1 July 2014 and 17 June 2016, had ≥360 days of PAP device data, and achieved initial U.S. Medicare adherence criteria. Patients who received a resupply of mask systems/cushions (resupply group) were propensity-score-matched with those not receiving any mask/cushion resupply (control group). A total of 100,370 patients were included. From days 91 to 360, the mean device usage was 5.6 and 4.5 h/night in the resupply and control groups, respectively (p < 0.0001). The proportion of patients with a mean device usage ≥4 h/night was significantly higher in the resupply group versus the control group (77% vs. 59%; p < 0.0001). The therapy termination rate was significantly lower in the resupply group versus the control group (14.7% vs. 31.9%; p < 0.0001); there was a trend toward lower therapy termination rates as the number of resupplies increased. The replacement of mask interface components was associated with better longer-term adherence to PAP therapy versus no resupply.

Impression cytology and meibomian glands in conjunctivochalasis

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110087
Author(s):  
Ersin Muhafiz ◽  
Erdinç Bozkurt ◽  
Remzi Erten
Keyword(s):  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Impression Cytology ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meibomian Glands ◽  
And Control ◽  
Margin Cytology

Purpose: To evaluate the tear parameters, meibomian glands and lid margin and tarsal conjunctival impression cytology in patients with conjunctivochalasis (CCH). Methods: The study included 57 patients diagnosed with CCH and 35 healthy volunteers. Tear break-up time (TBUT) was measured and Schirmer test was performed. Meibomian gland morphologies, dropout rates, and meiboscores were evaluated using meibography. Finally, impression cytology samples were taken by pressing the impression filters on the lower lid margin and lower tarsal conjunctiva. The samples were evaluated according to the Nelson grading system. Results: Schirmer test was longer and TBUT was shorter in the study group ( p = 0.035 and p < 0.001, respectively). The median of meibomian gland dropout rate was 33.45% (Interquartile range [IQR]; 23.17%–49.75%) and 18.80% (IQR; 12.35%–26.50%) in the study and control groups, respectively ( p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in terms of lid-margin cytology between the two groups ( p = 0.481). In tarsal conjunctiva cytology, the median value of Nelson grade of the study group was 2 (IQR; 1–2) and that of the control group was 1 (IQR; 1–2) ( p = 0.040). When Nelson grade-2 and above was accepted as the pathological limit, it was found that 27.5% of the study group and 15.2% of the control group showed pathological findings ( p = 0.204). Conclusions: In patients with CCH, damage occurs in the tarsal conjunctiva with the effects of redundant conjunctival folds. In these patients, atrophy occurs in the meibomian glands and tear stability is impaired. Therefore, CCH should not be overlooked in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Sonographic Signs of Adenomyosis in Women with Endometriosis Are Associated with Infertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2355
Author(s):  
Dean Decter ◽  
Nissim Arbib ◽  
Hila Markovitz ◽  
Daniel S. Seidman ◽  
Vered H. Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control

We compared the prevalence of ultrasound signs of adenomyosis in women with endometriosis who underwent surgery to those who were managed conservatively. This was a retrospective study of women evaluated at a tertiary endometriosis referral center who underwent 2D/3D transvaginal ultrasound. Adenomyosis diagnosis was based on the presence of at least three sonographic signs. The study group subsequently underwent laparoscopic surgery while the control group continued conservative management. Statistical analysis compared the two groups for demographics, symptoms, clinical data, and sonographic findings. The study and control groups included 244 and 158 women, respectively. The presence of any, 3+, or 5+ sonographic signs of adenomyosis was significantly more prevalent in the study group (OR = 1.93–2.7, p < 0.004, 95% CI; 1.24–4.09). After controlling for age, for all findings but linear striations, the OR for having a specific feature was higher in the study group. Women in the study group with ≥ 5 sonographic signs of adenomyosis had more than twice the risk of experiencing infertility (OR = 2.31, p = 0.012, 95% CI; 1.20–4.45). Sonographic signs of adenomyosis are more prevalent in women with symptomatic endometriosis who underwent surgery compared with those who continued conservative management. Women with 5+ findings have a significantly increased risk of infertility. Adenomyosis on ultrasound should be considered in the management decisions regarding these patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document