scholarly journals Comparison of the physiological responses of an oil-pumpkin cultivar and hybrid under different nitrogen supply conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Soma Gáspár Gáspár ◽  
László Zsombik ◽  
Szilvia Veres
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Pumpkin Seed

Cucurbita pepo var. styriaca is known as a medicinal crop among other cucurbits. The benefits of cucurbits fruits are very important in terms of human health, purification of blood, removal of constipation, digestion and supplying energy. The mutant styrian oil-pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L. convar. Pepo var. styriaca Greb.) exposes a complete lack of lignification of the seed testa. For this reason, this kind of naked pumpkin seed is more consumable as snack than other seeds. The vegetative growth of plants is crucial for fruit production. Nitrogen is the most imperative element for the proper vegetative growth and development of plants which significantly increases and enhances yield and its quality by playing a vital role in the biochemical and physiological functions of plants. Field studies were conducted to study the effect of nitrogen nutrition on certain physiological parameters and their differences between the styrian oil pumpkin hybrid and cultivar (Gleisdorfi Classic cultivar and GL Rustical hybrid). The small block experiment was carried out based on a factorial experiment with a completely randomised block design and four replications in the Research Institute of Nyíregyháza during the summer period of 2017 and 2018. Three different concentrations of nitrogen fertiliser was applied at sowing. Photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, -b and carotenoids) were analysed as one of the basic factor of efficient photosynthesis. The yields of two genotypes were also measured in all treatments as seed-weight. The contents of photosynthetic pigments were higher in the oil-pumpkin hybrid, mainly the carotenoids in 2018. The vegetation period of 2018 was drier than in 2017, the hybrid oil-pupmkin was more efficient in stress tolerance than the cultivar with higher carotenoids pool. The obtained yield was more pronounced in the oil-pumpkin hybrid than the cultivar in all examined years. The hybrid GL Rustical was more sensitive to nitrogen treatment than the cultivar Gleisdorfi Classic.

scholarly journals Halosulfuron Has a Variable Effect on Cucurbit Growth and Yield

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore M. Webster ◽  
A. Stanley Culpepper
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Direct Seeded

Halosulfuron is a proposed alternative to methyl bromide for managing nutsedges (Cyperus spp.) in several vegetable crops, including cucurbits. Field studies were conducted to evaluate the crop sensitivity to halosulfuron in a spring squash (Cucurbita pepo L.)—fall cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) rotation from 2000 to 2002. Treatments included application of halosulfuron to the soil surface after forming the bed, but before laying mulch (halosulfuron-PRE), halosulfuron applied through drip irrigation (halosulfuron-DRIP) after forming bed and laying mulch, metham applied through drip irrigation after forming bed and laying mulch, a nontreated control with mulch, and nontreated control without mulch. Each treatment was applied to both direct seeded and transplanted zucchini squash. Halosulfuron treatments reduced squash plant diameter relative to metham, however plant diameters in halosulfuron-PRE (transplant and direct seed) and halosulfuron-DRIP (transplant) treatments were not different from the nontreated control. Halosulfuron-PRE delayed squash fruit production relative to the mulched nontreated control. However, application of halosulfuron-PRE and halosulfuron-DRIP did not reduce squash yield at the conclusion of the season, relative to the nontreated control. Cucumbers were transplanted and direct seeded into previous squash plots and received either an application of halosulfuron-DRIP, or were not treated. Differences in cucumber yields were not detected with second crop treatments. Cucumbers appear to have adequate tolerance to halosulfuron, making it a potential replacement for methyl bromide for nutsedge control. Suppression of early season squash growth by halosulfuron may hinder the adoption of halosulfuron as a methyl bromide alternative for squash.

scholarly journals The Use of Trellis and Mulch Increased Fruit Production of Spaghetti Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Juang Gema Kartika ◽  
Shinta Wulandari Karyana
Keyword(s):  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plant Culture ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Tropical Horticulture

Spaghetti squash is squash of American origin that has spaghetti-like characteristic of fruit flesh, unlike any other squash varieties. This study aims to investigate the use of trellis and mulch to increase the spaghetti squash production. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station of Centre of Tropical Horticulture, Bogor from April to November 2016. The experiment used a completely randomized block design with four replicates. Two factors were tested, i.e. the use of trellis and mulch as the main plots, and accessions of the spaghetti squash as a sub-plot. The treatments were the use of trellis and mulch, mulch without the trellis, the trellis without mulch, and without the trellis and mulch. The spaghetti squash accessions used in this experiment were accessions from Taiwan (F1) and from America. Each experimental unit consists of five plants with a total a total of 160 plants. The results of this experiment showed that the growing squash using mulch and trellis had the greatest number of fruits per plant, more marketable fruits and had the largest fruit weight as compared with the other treatments. Taiwan accession had more fruits per plant and total marketable fruits, the largest fruit weight, the longest and widest fruits with large fruit diameter. Taiwan accession produced fruits at lower nodes of the plants, and fruits can be harvested earlier than the American accession. Correlation analysis indicated that the more fruits per plant, the more number of fruits that are marketable, the greater fruit weight and more fruits can be harvested from the higher nodes of the plants. From agronomical point of view, Taiwan spaghetti squash would be preferable to obtain the high fruit production provided the crops were mulched and grown with trellis.Keywords: Cucurbitacea, trellis, mulch, plant culture

scholarly journals Control of the vegetative growth of 'Shinseiki' pear trees by prohexadione calcium and root pruning

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Carra ◽  
José Carlos Fachinello ◽  
Everton Sozo de Abreu ◽  
Mateus da Silveira Pasa ◽  
Daniel Spagnol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Pyrus Calleryana ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Prohexadione Calcium

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of prohexadione calcium (P-Ca) and root pruning (RP) on the control of the vegetative growth and on fruit production and quality of 'Shinseiki' pear trees, under the climatic conditions of Southern Brazil. The experiment was conducted during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons, in a 15-year-old orchard of 'Shinseiki' pear trees, trained to a central-leader system, with a 2x5 m spacing between plants, grafted onto Pyrus calleryana rootstock. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, with six treatments and four replicate. The treatments consisted of the control (without P-Ca application or RP), two P-Ca rates (300 and 600 mg L-1), two root pruning intensities (performed on one or on both sides of the tree), and root pruning on one side + 300 mg L-1 P-Ca. P-Ca reduced vegetative growth more effectively than RP, in both crop seasons, and the combination of both techniques did not result in additional control of the vegetative growth, compared with P-Ca alone. Vegetative growth was not affected by increasing the rates of P-Ca. The highest P-Ca dose negativelly affected fruit yield. Regarding fruit quality, RP increases the total soluble solids content at harvest.

scholarly journals Phenology, vegetative growth, and yield performance of fig in Southeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Augusto Ferraz ◽  
Sarita Leonel ◽  
Jackson Mirellys Azevedo Souza ◽  
Rafael Bibiano Ferreira ◽  
Joyce Helena Modesto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Thermal Requirement ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenological patterns, vegetative growth, and yield characteristics of fig (Ficus carica)varieties in Southeastern Brazil. The 'Roxo de Valinhos', White Genova, PI-189, and Troyano varieties were distributed in a randomized complete block design and evaluated in the field. The following characteristics were assessed: number of days between pruning and the beginning of sprouting; leaf chlorophyll content; number of shoots on each branch; length, diameter, and number of internodes on each branch; number of leaves per plant; leaf area; number of fruit per plant; mass, length, and diameter of fruit; production and yield; and duration (days) of each phenological stage, such as thermal requirement models. 'Roxo de Valinhos' and White Genova sprouted the fastest and showed the largest number of shoots. Troyano obtained the greatest branch length and diameter, as well as the greatest number of fruit per plant, which had the shortest diameter and length and the lowest mass of fruit. Furthermore, Troyano showed the latest harvest, besides the thermal requirement of 4,577.31 degree-days. 'Roxo de Valinhos' and White Genova produced fruit with the greatest average mass and diameter and the longest length. Troyano shows better vegetative growth and produces more fruit per plant than 'Roxo de Valinhos', but both genotypes show similar yields.

scholarly journals Relationship of severity pruning and weather variables on quality fruit production of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana L. cv. Sanaur-2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Yogesh Khokhar
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Ziziphus Mauritiana ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Pruning had a vital role on the quality of fruit production in ber fruit crop under lower Shiwaliks of Punjab. The severity of pruning intensity significantly influenced the tree vegetative growth parameters and flowering behaviour of ber cv. Sanaur-2 viz. number of emerged shoots per branch, shoot length and girth of primary shoot. A significant higher percentage of fruit set, fruit retention, higher percentage of ‘A’ grade fruits and other fruit quality parameters viz., fruit weight, TSS, acidity, vitamin C, total sugars was recorded significantly higher in pruning treatment by removal 50 per cent vegetative growth over other treatments. Powdery mildew incidence steadily increased from standard meteorological weeks (SMW) 36 - 39 to 40 - 43 and then decreased under different pruning treatments. The severity of pruning reduces the incidence of powdery mildew. The meteorological knowledge on various weather variables at 3 - 4 weeks to actual incidence also can be effectively used to check the spread and severity of the disease.

scholarly journals 326 High Root-zone Temperature Inhibits Strawberry Reproductive and Vegetative Growth and Development

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 499B-499
Author(s):  
Melita Marion Biela ◽  
Gail R. Nonnecke ◽  
William R. Graves ◽  
Harry T. Horner
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Root Zone Temperature ◽  
Leaf Dry Mass ◽  
Zone Temperature

High temperatures are reported to promote day-neutral strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) vegetative growth and development and inhibit floral and fruit development, thereby imposing geographic and temporal limitations on fruit production. Day-neutral strawberry response to air temperature has been researched, but specific responses to temperature in the root zone have not. In a 1998 greenhouse experiment, 60 `Tristar' plants were grown hydroponically in a system of individual, temperature-controlled pots. A randomized complete-block design with constant root-zone treatments of 11, 17, 23, 29, and 35 °C and 12 replications were used. Stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were significantly lower for plants at 35 °C, compared with plants at all other temperatures. Leaf area and leaf dry mass of plants at 35 °C were five and four times smaller, respectively, than the combined mean for plants in all other treatments. Leaf area of runner tips was 450 and 44.5 cm2 at 11 and 35 °C, respectively, compared with that of plants at all other temperatures, 1552.1 cm2. Fruit dry mass was 14.5, 21.6, 25.5, 29.0, and 3.96 g per plant at 11, 17, 23, 29, and 35 °C, respectively. Root dry mass was highest at 11 and 17 °C and lowest for plants at 35 °C. The number of flowers, fruit, and inflorescences per plant was reduced at 35 °C, as were individual berry fresh mass and diameter. Overall, `Tristar' growth and development were near optimal at 17, 23, and 29 °C.

scholarly journals Influence of salinity on vegetative growth and photosynthetic pigments of bitter almond rootstock

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-328
Author(s):  
Antar Mahmud Badran ◽  
Igor Yuryevich Savin
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Hyperosmotic Shock ◽  
Bitter Almond

Bitter almond rootstock is considered one of the most vital rootstocks for stone fruit species but it is classified as a plant sensitive to salinity. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of salt stress on vegetative growth and photosynthetic pigments of bitter almond rootstock as an attempt to sustain growth and increase its tolerance to high salt concentrations. However, the seeds were soaked in salt solution of NaCl as 1, 3, and 5 dsm-1 for 48 hours before stratification. After that, nuts were sown in perlite and treated with different saline solutions subsequently stratified at 6 ℃ for eight weeks. Sprouted seeds were cultivated in pots with a mixture of peat and perlite and treated only with the highest salt concentration 5 dsm-1. The treatments were arranged in a complete randomized block design with three replications. Vegetative traits and photosynthetic pigments content were estimated. The results revealed that soaking and pre-treating seed of bitter almond rootstock by means of high salt concentration 5dsm-1 during the germination period and subsequently after planting produced stronger transplants that had hardening, adaptation and could avoid the hyperosmotic shock of salt stress after planting. It is obvious throughout; increment of stem diameter, plant height, total number of leaves\plant, fresh and dry weight of leaves, photosynthetic pigments and total carbohydrate content of such transplants. While other coming seedlings from low salt concentrations were exposed to hyperosmotic shock and salt injury therefore inhibit growth rate of such plants, increased falling of leaves and finally reduced photosynthetic pigments content in the resulting seedlings.

Effect of Bio and Organic Fertilizers on Pumpkin's (Cucurbita pepo L.) Leave Content of N, P, and K

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Ammar Hameed Madi ◽  
Jawad A. Kamal Al-Shibani
Keyword(s):  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Four Levels

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of bacterial bio-fertilization A. chroococcum and P. putide and four levels of compost (0, 1, 2, 3) tons.h-1 on the leaves content of N.P.K elements. The experiment was carried out in one of the greenhouses of the College of Agriculture - University of Al-Qadisiyah during fall season 2018-2019. It designed in accordance with the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates in sandy loam soil. The means of treatments were compared with the least significant difference (LSD) at (5)% probability level. The results present that the treatments of A. chroococcum, P. putide and compost at (3) tons.kg-1 significantly increases the leaves content of K.P.K compared to all other treatments in the flowering stage (4.970, 0.5000, and 4.930) mg.kg-1, respectively. This treatment was followed by the effect of the treatment of A. chroococcum and compost at (3) tons.kg-1, which increases the values of all traits except the leaf content of (P). Bio-fertilizer with P. putide + A. chroococcum significantly increases the leaves' content of P.

scholarly journals The Effect of Mycorrhizal Fungi and PGPR on Tree Nutritional Status and Growth in Organic Apple Production

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1402
Author(s):  
Sebastian Przybyłko ◽  
Wojciech Kowalczyk ◽  
Dariusz Wrona
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Tree Roots

The desire to reduce the negative impact of crops on the environment, as well as the growing concern for consumer health, is increasing interest in organic fruit production. In this context, the development of new environmentally friendly agrotechnical methods which allows for reducing the use of organic fertilizers by improving the nutrient use efficiency and consequently decreasing the leaching of them is a task of a great importance. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi (AMF) combined with plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on growth and nutritional status of apple trees cultivated on a silty-loam, rich in clay minerals and humus soil under organic farming conditions. Thus, a trial was established in an experimental orchard in Wilanów in Central Poland with three cultivars (‘Topaz’, ‘Odra’, and ‘Chopin’) and a promising clone, U 8869. Trees were or were not inoculated with AMF + PGPR within a split-block experimental design with four replicates. According to the results, mycorrhizal frequency obtained in the inoculated tree roots was on average two-fold higher than in the roots of the control plants. After four years of AMF + PGPR inoculation, 24% higher trunk cross-section area (TCSA) was observed, with the nitrogen and magnesium concentrations in leaves increasing, on average, by 7.8% and 64.2%, and phosphorus and potassium content decreasing by 37.2% and 46.5%, respectively. This study shows that using AMF + PGPR inoculum supports tree roots colonization by AMF. As a result, better nitrogen nutrition status is observed that promote vigorous growth of trees and more efficient uptake of magnesium from the bulk soil. On the other hand, lower phosphorus content in inoculated tree leaves might be explained by a dilution effect, and potassium decrease could occur as a result of fungus–plant competition in conditions of this element deficiency in soil.

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