Selecting phototrophic species of native biocrusts in arid and semi-arid regions

Background: Biological soil crusts (BSCs) that are able to produce sticky extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play an important role in the formation of soil aggregates, thereby, reducing soil erosion. In this study, experiments were undertaken to identify biocrust species that produce EPS, in order to combat desertification in the Sejzi desert of Iran. Methods: A biocrust distribution map of Sejzi plain was prepared using Landsat 8 OLI images, then, various sampling points were selected. Some physicochemical parameters of samples from lichen-dominated and non-biocrusted areas were measured. The relationship between soil parameters and biocrusts presence was confirmed based on the Pearson’s correlation coefficient and principal component analysis (PCA) method. The type of chemical compounds in the soil content were determined via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), including polysaccharides. To estimate the degradability of polysaccharides, each soil sample was placed under defined UV-B radiation for 24, 48, and 72 hours at three replications. Results: There was no significant correlation between moss and lichen species with the amount of EPS (%) values and various occurring cyanolichen species in three biocrusted soil samples, which included Collema coccophorum, Collema tenax, Peccania terricola, and Placidium squamulosum. It was speculated that these polysaccharides were produced by the photobiotic partners (microalgae or cyanobacteria) and secreted to the soil. Conclusion: According to the results, the cyanobacteria species of biocrusted samples might have high potential to combat desertification and soil stabilization in Sejzi desert.

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PARÂMETROS FÍSICO-AMBIENTAIS EM ÁREAS COM POSSIBILIDADE DE OCORRÊNCIA DE SOLOS COESOS DA DEPRESSÃO DO SÃO FRANCISCO-BA: O Caso da Fazenda Caracol-BA (Physical and environmental parameters of the areas with possibility of cohesive soils in the ...)

Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física ◽

10.26848/rbgf.v9.6.p1690-1702 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1690

Author(s):

Joildes Brasil dos Santos ◽

Selma Simões de Castro

Keyword(s):

San Francisco ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Agricultural Activity ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Cohesive Soils ◽

Survey Report ◽

The Relationship

O caráter coeso do solo é utilizado pelo SiBCS - Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos, para solos que apresentam horizonte extremamente endurecido entre 30-70cm de profundidade, caracterizado por forte adensamento natural, cuja a origem ainda não é conclusiva, embora se destaque o processo de silicificação e de argiluviação como as principais. Ocorrem em regiões semiáridas e áridas, como no NE brasileiro, onde estão associados aos tabuleiros costeiros sustentados por sedimentos terciários e quaternários, como os do Grupo Barreiras, onde são mais estudados. Fora dessa Formação são pouco conhecidos, como na Depressão do São Francisco-BA onde solos com horizontes endurecidos sugerem presença de solos coesos. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo se propõe a discutir a relação entre o caráter coeso nos solos e os parâmetros físico-ambientais da paisagem, mais especificamente da Fazenda Caracol-BA, em que tais horizontes vêm dificultando a atividade agrícola. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir da construção de um banco de dados georreferenciados no software Arcgis 10.1 relativos a altitude e declividade gerados a partir de imagens SRTM (TOPODATA), os dados de solos foram do Relatório de Levantamento Pedológico da própria fazenda e os dados de uso e cobertura foram gerados a partir da classificação das imagens Landsat-8 segundo as normas do IBGE. Entre os parâmetros analisados, destaca-se o papel da sílica e da argila, que a partir de interpolações dessas variáveis foram núcleos de acumulação de argila entre 0-20 e 20-40cm, e de sílica a partir de 100cm de profundidade, indicando possível ocorrência do caráter coeso nos solos estudados, embora diferente do preconizado pelo SiBCS. A B S T R A C T The cohesive nature of the soil is used by the Brazilian System of Soil Classification, for soils with extremely hardened horizon between 30-70cm deep, characterized by strong natural densification, whose origin is still not conclusive, although it highlighted the process of silicification and Argilluviation as the main. Occur in semi-arid and arid regions, such as the Brazilian NE, which are associated with coastal tablelands supported by tertiary and quaternary sediments, such as the Barreiras Group. Out of this formation are not well known, as in the Depression of the San Francisco-BA where soils with hardened horizons suggest the presence of cohesive soils. In this sense, this article aims to discuss the relationship between the cohesive character in the soil and the physical and environmental parameters of the landscape, specifically the Treasury Snail-BA, where these horizons have hindered agricultural activity. The survey was conducted from building a georeferenced database on 10.1 Arcgis software for the altitude and steepness generated from SRTM images (TOPODATA) .The soil data were from the farm itself Pedological Survey Report and data use and coverage were generated from the Landsat-8 image classification. Among the analyzed parameters, there is the role of silica and clay. From the interpolations of both variables were identified clay accumulation cores between 0-20 and 20-40cm deep, and silica from 100cm depth, indicating possible occurrence of cohesive character in the soils, although different from recommended by SiBCS.. Keywords: Character Cohesive, Physical Environmental Parameters, cementing agents

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QuantifyPolarity, a new tool-kit for measuring planar polarized protein distributions and cell properties in developing tissues

10.1101/2020.11.24.396044 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Su Ee Tan ◽

Weijie Tan ◽

Katherine H. Fisher ◽

David Strutt

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Methods ◽

Principal Component ◽

Asymmetric Distribution ◽

Planar Polarity ◽

Automated Quantification ◽

Pca Method ◽

User Friendly ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Friendly Graphical User Interface

SummaryThe coordination of cells or structures within the plane of a tissue is known as planar polarization. It is often governed by the asymmetric distribution of planar polarity proteins within cells. A number of quantitative methods have been developed to provide a readout of planar polarization of protein distributions. However, the quantification of planar polarization can be affected by different cell geometries. Hence, we developed a novel planar polarity quantification method based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) that is shape insensitive. Here, we compare this method with other state-of-the-art methods on simulated models and biological datasets. We found that the PCA method performs robustly in quantifying planar polarity independently of variation in cell geometry. Furthermore, we designed a user-friendly graphical user interface called QuantifyPolarity, equipped with three different methods for automated quantification of polarity. QuantifyPolarity also provides image analysis tools to quantify cell morphology and packing geometry, allowing the relationship of these characteristics to planar polarization to be investigated. This all-in-one tool enables experimentalists with no prior computational expertise to perform high-throughput cell polarity and shape analysis automatically and efficiently.

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Multivariate analysis in the morpho-yield evaluation of forage cactus intercropped with sorghum

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n11p756-761 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (11) ◽

pp. 756-761

Author(s):

Alexandre M. da R. F. Jardim ◽

Thieres G. F. da Silva ◽

Luciana S. B. de Souza ◽

Marcondes de S. Souza ◽

José E. F. de Morais ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arid Regions ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Cropping System ◽

Principal Component ◽

Agricultural Activity ◽

Yield Traits ◽

Sole Crop ◽

Components Analysis ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRACT Understanding the effect of the cropping system on the morpho-yield relationship of plants is crucial for success in the agricultural activity, mainly in arid and semi-arid regions, where there are major challenges for food production. In this study, the objective was to apply multivariate statistics in the morpho-yield evaluation of forage cactus clones in cropping systems as sole crop and intercropped with sorghum cultivars. The experiment was conducted in Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil, between March 18, 2017 and June 16, 2018. The design adopted was in randomized blocks with 12 treatments composed of three forage cactus clones in sole-crop system (IPA Sertânia, Miúda and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana) and nine forage cactus-sorghum intercropping systems with the cultivars 467, SF11 and 2502. Morphometric and phytomass measurements of forage cactus clones were performed throughout the cycle. The relationship between the morpho-yield traits of the clones was evaluated by means of principal component analysis. Cladode width, length, perimeter, and area are morphometric variables that determine phytomass accumulation in clones. The cropping systems did not influence the association of morpho-yield traits, but it depends on the genus of forage cactus. Negative correlations between cladode dimensions and phytomass of the clones of the genus Nopalea explained their lower phytomass accumulations. Principal components analysis makes it possible to elucidate associations between morpho-yield variables of forage cactus.

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QuantifyPolarity, a new tool-kit for measuring planar polarized protein distributions and cell properties in developing tissues

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.198952 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Su Ee Tan ◽

Weijie Tan ◽

Katherine Fisher ◽

David Strutt

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Methods ◽

Principal Component ◽

Asymmetric Distribution ◽

Planar Polarity ◽

Cell Geometry ◽

Automated Quantification ◽

Pca Method ◽

User Friendly ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The coordination of cells or structures within the plane of a tissue is known as planar polarization. It is often governed by the asymmetric distribution of planar polarity proteins within cells. A number of quantitative methods have been developed to provide a readout of planar polarized protein distributions. However, previous planar polarity quantification methods can be affected by variation in cell geometry. Hence, we developed a novel planar polarity quantification method based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) that is shape insensitive. Here, we compare this method with other state-of-the-art methods on simulated models and biological datasets. We found that the PCA method performs robustly in quantifying planar polarity independently of variation in cell geometry and other image conditions. We designed a user-friendly graphical user interface called QuantifyPolarity, equipped with three polarity methods for automated quantification of polarity. QuantifyPolarity also provides tools to quantify cell morphology and packing geometry, allowing the relationship of these characteristics to planar polarization to be investigated. This tool enables experimentalists with no prior computational expertise to perform high-throughput cell polarity and shape analysis automatically and efficiently.

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What Does Human Development Index Rating Mean in Terms of Individualism/Collectivism?

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027//1016-9040.8.2.97 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 97-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maria José Sotelo ◽

Luis Gimeno

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Principal Component ◽

General Idea ◽

Development Index ◽

Low Levels ◽

The Relationship

The authors explore an alternative way of analyzing the relationship between human development and individualism. The method is based on the first principal component of Hofstede's individualism index in the Human Development Index rating domain. Results suggest that the general idea that greater wealth brings more individualism is only true for countries with high levels of development, while for middle or low levels of development the inverse is true.

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HUBUNGAN KEPADATAN BIVALVIA DENGAN PARAMETER LINGKUNGAN DI PESISIR TANJUNG PURA KABUPATEN BANGKA TENGAH

Akuatik Jurnal Sumberdaya Perairan ◽

10.33019/akuatik.v13i2.1434 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 112-121

Author(s):

Sudiyar . ◽

Okto Supratman ◽

Indra Ambalika Syari

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Principal Component ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Data Retrieval ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Random System ◽

System Method ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Anadara Granosa

The destructive fishing feared will give a negative impact on the survival of this organism. This study aims to analyze the density of bivalves, distribution patterns, and to analyze the relationship of bivalves with environmental parameters in Tanjung Pura village. This research was conducted in March 2019. The systematic random system method was used for collecting data of bivalves. The collecting Data retrieval divided into five research stasions. The results obtained 6 types of bivalves from 3 families and the total is 115 individuals. The highest bivalve density is 4.56 ind / m², and the lowest bivalves are located at station 2,1.56 ind / m², The pattern of bivalve distribution in the Coastal of Tanjung Pura Village is grouping. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that Anadara granosa species was positively correlated with TSS r = 0.890, Dosinia contusa, Anomalocardia squamosa, Mererix meretrix, Placamen isabellina, and Tellinella spengleri were positively correlated with currents r = 0.933.

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Development of the Statistical Model for Monitoring Salinization in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam Using Remote Sensing Data and In-Situ Measurements

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/iecg_2018-05362 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (10) ◽

pp. 565

Author(s):

Nguyen Nguyen Vu ◽

Le Van Trung ◽

Tran Thi Van

Keyword(s):

Statistical Model ◽

Mekong Delta ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Principal Component ◽

Measured Data ◽

In Situ Measurements ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Spectral Bands ◽

Component Band

This article presents the methodology for developing a statistical model for monitoring salinity intrusion in the Mekong Delta based on the integration of satellite imagery and in-situ measurements. We used Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager and Thermal Infrared Sensor (Landsat- 8 OLI and TIRS) satellite data to establish the relationship between the planetary reflectance and the ground measured data in the dry season during 2014. The three spectral bands (blue, green, red) and the principal component band were used to obtain the most suitable models. The selected model showed a good correlation with the exponential function of the principal component band and the ground measured data (R2 > 0.8). Simulation of the salinity distribution along the river shows the intrusion of a 4 g/L salt boundary from the estuary to the inner field of more than 50 km. The developed model will be an active contribution, providing managers with adaptation and response solutions suitable for intrusion in the estuary as well as the inner field of the Mekong Delta.

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Nonverbal Semantics Test (NVST)—A Novel Diagnostic Tool to Assess Semantic Processing Deficits: Application to Persons with Aphasia after Cerebrovascular Accident

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11030359 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 359

Author(s):

Katharina Hogrefe ◽

Georg Goldenberg ◽

Ralf Glindemann ◽

Madleen Klonowski ◽

Wolfram Ziegler

Keyword(s):

Language Processing ◽

Cerebrovascular Accident ◽

Semantic Processing ◽

Factor Model ◽

Principal Component ◽

Original Data ◽

Verbal Abilities ◽

Verbal Tasks ◽

Alternative Means ◽

The Relationship

Assessment of semantic processing capacities often relies on verbal tasks which are, however, sensitive to impairments at several language processing levels. Especially for persons with aphasia there is a strong need for a tool that measures semantic processing skills independent of verbal abilities. Furthermore, in order to assess a patient’s potential for using alternative means of communication in cases of severe aphasia, semantic processing should be assessed in different nonverbal conditions. The Nonverbal Semantics Test (NVST) is a tool that captures semantic processing capacities through three tasks—Semantic Sorting, Drawing, and Pantomime. The main aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between the NVST and measures of standard neurolinguistic assessment. Fifty-one persons with aphasia caused by left hemisphere brain damage were administered the NVST as well as the Aachen Aphasia Test (AAT). A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted across all AAT and NVST subtests. The analysis resulted in a two-factor model that captured 69% of the variance of the original data, with all linguistic tasks loading high on one factor and the NVST subtests loading high on the other. These findings suggest that nonverbal tasks assessing semantic processing capacities should be administered alongside standard neurolinguistic aphasia tests.

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Determination of Agarwood oil’s significant chemical compounds using principal component analysis

10.1063/5.0035224 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohamad Hushnie Haron ◽

Mohd Nasir Taib ◽

Nurlaila Ismail ◽

Nor Azah Mohd Ali ◽

Saiful Nizam Tajuddin

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Principal Component ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Component Analysis ◽

Significant Chemical

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Modeling the Radial Stem Growth of the Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Forests Using the Satellite-Derived NDVI and LST (MODIS/AQUA) Data

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12010012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Yulia Ivanova ◽

Anton Kovalev ◽

Vlad Soukhovolsky

Keyword(s):

Land Surface ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽

Principal Component ◽

Stem Growth ◽

Forest Growth ◽

Parabolic Approximation ◽

New Approach ◽

The Relationship ◽

Tree Increment

The paper considers a new approach to modeling the relationship between the increase in woody phytomass in the pine forest and satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) (MODIS/AQUA) data. The developed model combines the phenological and forest growth processes. For the analysis, NDVI and LST (MODIS) satellite data were used together with the measurements of tree-ring widths (TRW). NDVI data contain features of each growing season. The models include parameters of parabolic approximation of NDVI and LST time series transformed using principal component analysis. The study shows that the current rate of TRW is determined by the total values of principal components of the satellite indices over the season and the rate of tree increment in the preceding year.

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