scholarly journals ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA CAO CHIẾT TỪ THÂN CÂY MỚP GAI (Lasia spinosa) ĐẾN HOẠT TÍNH CỦA ENZYME GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATASE Ở GAN VÀ THẬN CỦA CHUỘT BỊ BỆNH ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG

2021 ◽  
Vol 226 (10) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Tạ Lâm Tài ◽  
Trần Chí Linh ◽  
Phạm Nhi Linh ◽  
Đái Thị Xuân Trang
Keyword(s):  
Alloxan Monohydrate

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện để đánh giá tác động điều hòa hoạt tính enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase trong gan và thận của cao chiết thân mớp gai trên chuột bị bệnh đái tháo đường do alloxan monohydrate. Trong nghiên cứu này, bệnh đái tháo đường ở chuột đã được gây ra bằng cách tiêm alloxan monohydrate vào trong xoang bụng chuột. Khởi phát bệnh đái tháo đường đã làm tăng hàm lượng glucose huyết và glucose-6-phosphatase một cách đáng kể (p<0,05). Cao chiết từ thân mớp gai được sử dụng ở liều 100, 200 và 400 mg/kg đối với chuột đái tháo đường do alloxan monohydrate gây ra làm giảm đáng kể (p <0,05) hàm lượng glucose huyết so với nhóm đái tháo đường. Cao chiết từ thân mớp gai làm giảm hoạt tính của enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase ở gan và thận được phát hiện ở chuột đái tháo đường. Phân tích mô bệnh học của gan và thận cho thấy sự phục hồi khi sử dụng cao chiết thân mớp gai điều trị cho các nhóm chuột đái tháo đường. Cao chiết từ thân mớp gai ở liều lượng cụ thể có tác dụng chống bệnh đái tháo đường thông qua việc điều chỉnh hoạt động của enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase giúp bảo vệ gan và thận. Do đó, cao chiết thực vật này có lợi trong việc điều trị bệnh đái tháo đường.

The importance of parasite load in the killing ofPlasmodium vinckeiin mice treated withCorynebacterium parvumor alloxan monohydrate

Parasitology ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. G. Cox ◽  
Stephanie M. Millott
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Corynebacterium Parvum ◽  
Specific Immunity ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate ◽  
High Parasitaemias ◽  
Plasmodium Vinckei

SUMMARYMice pre-treated withCorynebacterium parvumand later challenged withPlasmodium vinckeibecome infected but do not die whereas control mice do. When pre-treated mice were challenged with 1, 10, 1 × 102, 1 × 104, 1 × 105or 1 × 106parasites, the pre-patent periods correlated directly with the number of parasites injected, but the subsequent parasitaemias reached similar levels. This suggests that parasite killing, resulting from pre-treatment withC. parvum, is not triggered until the parasite load has reached a particular threshold. The injection of alloxan monohydrate, which brings about the release of toxic oxygen inter mediates thought to be involved in non-specific immunity, has little effect onP. vinckeiinfections until the parasitaemia is relatively high. This indicates that oxygen-mediated parasite killing also does not occur until the parasitaemia has reached a particular threshold. It is suggested that it is only at relatively high parasitaemias that the factors involved in parasite killing are able to enter the infected red blood cells.

scholarly journals Short-Term Feeding of Fibre-Enriched Biscuits: Protective Effect against Hepatotoxicity in Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ochuko L. Erukainure ◽  
Osaretin A. T. Ebuehi ◽  
Folasade O. Adeboyejo ◽  
Olufunmilola O. Oladunmoye ◽  
Muhammad Aliyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

The effects of fibre-enriched biscuit on biomarkers associated with hepatotoxicity in diabetic rats were investigated. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate. Treatment lasted for 14 days after which the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood serum was analyzed to determine hepatic function enzymes. The liver was also analyzed to determine hepatic lipid profile and antioxidant enzymes. Induction of diabetes led to elevated levels of ALP, AST, and ALT. These were, however, significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the fibre-enriched biscuit fed (treated) group. There was no significant difference in the serum bilirubin and total protein levels of the studied groups. Reduced albumin level was observed in the diabetic group; this was further lowered on feeding with fibre-enriched biscuits. Induction of diabetes led to increased hepatic level of cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and lipid peroxidation and decreased activities of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and HDL level. These were significantly (p<0.05) reversed on feeding with fibre-enriched biscuit. This study portrays the protective effect of fibre-enriched biscuit on increased oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia in hepatic tissues of alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic and Toxic Effect of Morus mesozygia Leaf Extract on the Liver and Kidneys of Alloxan-Induced Hyperglycemic Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Michael Tirwomwe ◽  
Isaac Echoru ◽  
Richard Maseruka ◽  
Kyobe Ronald Kimanje ◽  
Wilson Byarugaba
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Histological Damage ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects

Purpose. We investigated the hypoglycemic and toxic effect of Morus mesozygia leaf extract on the liver and kidneys of alloxan-induced hyperglycemic wistar rats. Method. Phytochemical analysis was done. Diabetes was induced by the use of alloxan monohydrate in six groups of rats, i.e., 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, glibenclamide, normal saline, and normal control group. Blood glucose was measured at the time of inoculation, then at 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after. After 14 days, rats were killed under anesthesia; blood collected for measurement of total protein, albumin, TAGs, cholesterol, AST, ALT, urea, and creatinine; and whole tissue of liver and kidneys used for histological studies. Results. The extract possessed antidiabetic effects between 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg doses, which we attributed to the presence of flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and amino acids. There was a drop in total protein and albumin with no statistical significance (P≥0.05). The changes in levels of ALT, TAGs, cholesterol, AST, creatinine, and urea were not statistically different from the standard diabetic drug. The extract was protective against histological damage as there were no significant lesions suggestive of toxicities in the liver and kidneys at doses below 800 mg/kg. Conclusion. We established credible evidence that Morus mesozygia leaf extract has hypoglycemic effects between 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg and that it is safe on the liver and kidneys of wistar rats at doses less than 800 mg/kg.

Heart rate control in diabetic rabbits: blunted response to isoproterenol

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (5) ◽  
pp. E636-E641 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Zola ◽  
B. Miller ◽  
G. L. Stiles ◽  
P. S. Rao ◽  
E. H. Sonnenblick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Atropine Sulfate ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Baroreceptor Reflexes ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate ◽  
Response To Exercise

To study the effects of chronic diabetes on heart rate and adrenergic responsiveness we compared unanesthetized diabetic rabbits, 10-13 mo after alloxan monohydrate injection, to age-matched controls. There were no significant differences found between groups for body or heart weight. Both resting and intrinsic heart rate (the latter obtained after atropine sulfate and propranolol HCl) were similar. In addition, serum and left ventricular epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations as well as left ventricular beta-receptor density and affinity were unchanged in diabetic animals. Heart rate responses to isoproterenol were blunted in diabetics at the three highest doses. Base-line mean blood pressure was modestly lower in diabetic rabbits, and parallel declines in pressure for both groups were observed in response to isoproterenol. The diminished heart rate response to isoproterenol in diabetic rabbits may be due to diminished myocardial sensitivity to catecholamines, possibly combined with altered baroreceptor reflexes. These experiments may provide an explanation for the blunted heart rate response to exercise described in human diabetics.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic effects of vanadium on alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic dogs

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joo-Min Kim ◽  
Jin-Young Chung ◽  
Sook-Yeon Lee ◽  
Eun-Wha Choi ◽  
Min-Kyu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Dogs ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

Evaluation of hepatic glycogen content, some haematological and biochemical parameters of alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with combinations of glibenclamide and G. latifolium extract

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick E. Aba
Keyword(s):  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate ◽  
Group 1

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes is associated with both biochemical and haematological complications. Combination therapy has been advocated to mitigate some of these complications.AimThis study was designed to investigate the effects of glibenclamide andMethodsThirty male Wistar rats were assigned into five groups of six rats each. Groups 2–5 rats received intraperitoneally, 160 mg/kg of alloxan monohydrate while group 1 rats served as normal control. Groups 2–5 rats were respectively treated with 10 mL/kg distilled water (DW), 2 mg/kg glibenclamide, 200 mg/kg GL and 2 mg/kg glibenclamide and 200 mg/kg GL, while group 1 rats received 10 mL/kg DW. All treatments wereResultsCreatinine and BUN values of groups 3 and 4 rats were comparable to that of group 1 but were significantly (p<0.05) lower when compared with those of groups 2 and 5. There were significant (p<0.05) increases in the mean hepatic glycogen content, RBC, PCV, and Hb of group 4 rats when compared to those of group 2.ConclusionsIt was concluded that a combination of glibenclamide and

scholarly journals The short – term nephropathological complications due to alloxan induction of diabetes mellitus in male rabbits

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
H. Kh. U. Al-Karagoly And K. F. AbdulKareem
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glomerular Hypertrophy ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate ◽  
Histopathological Results ◽  
And Control

This study was conducted to assess the pathological changes in kidneys after twenty day from induction of diabetes mellitus in male rabbits.Sixteen male rabbits were used in this study and divided into two equal groups: diabetic group (Dm) and control group (Cm). Diabetes mellitus was induced by i.v injection of alloxan monohydrate at dose rate 100 mg/kg dissolved in 1 ml of normal saline. Blood was collected after three days to check fasting serum glucose.Serum glucose level was elevated starting from the 1st 3 days after induction of diabetes mellitus. The histopathological results revealed that there were: edema, glomerular hypertrophy and hypercellularity, as well as glomerular necrosis, glomerular swelling, glomerular congestion with glomerular cast and rupture. The conclusion that renal glomeruli and tubules affected progressively after short period from beginning of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Animal Models in Diabetes Mellitus: An Overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-s) ◽  
pp. 472-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mudasir Maqbool ◽  
Mohmad Amin Dar ◽  
Imran Gani ◽  
Suhail Ahmad Mir
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Genetic Manipulations ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate ◽  
Selection Of

Diabetes mellitus is defined as a state in which homeostasis of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism is improperly regulated by insulin. This results primarily in elevated fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels. If this imbalanced homeostasis dose not returns to normalcy and continues for a protracted period of time, it leads to hyperglycemia, which in due course turns into a syndrome called diabetes mellitus. Several animal models have been developed for studying diabetes mellitus or testing anti-diabetic agents. These models include chemical, surgical (pancreatectomy) and genetic manipulations in several animal species to induce diabetes mellitus. The diabetogenic drugs used include: Alloxan monohydrate, Streptozotocin with or without nicotinamide, Ferric nitrilotriacetate, Ditizona and Anti-insulin serum. The selection of these models to use for investigating the antidiabetic properties of a new compound may be a very difficult task especially for young researchers. The aim of the present review is give a brief idea about various experimental models developed for studying diabetes mellitus, assess the merits and demerits of each model and highlight the precautions needed to avoid erroneous results during the applications of these models. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Animal models, Alloxan, Streptozotocin.

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