scholarly journals Experimental and Theoretical Expansion of Access to Credit among Rural Farmers: Case Studies in Boane District, Mozambique

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Euclides Alfredo Matusse
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Controlled Experiments ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Credit Financing ◽  
Validation Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Goal Question Metric

The aim of study is to establish relationship between loan accessibility, repayment capacity, credit terms, and farmers' socioeconomic characteristics using of metrics to extract an indicator for targeting credit financing to rural households. Design/methodology/approach?: The goal question metric GQM paradigm is used to select a sample of 30 settings in the Boane district. The paper adopted validation research on how to perform controlled experiments with small adaptations and involved descriptive, correlation, regression analysis approaches. Data were analyzed using the R, and SPSS statistical model, and Pearson correlation where used to examine the nature of the relationship between the variables.

scholarly journals Metrics and Indicators to Aid in the Financing of Agricultural Loans to Rural Families: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Euclides Alfredo Matusse
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Credit ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Effective Evaluation ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Credit Financing ◽  
Financing Strategy

The use of indicators provides several benefits among which the effective evaluation in the financing of agricultural loans to borrowers and also the support to the credit manager and portfolio in making strategic decisions. Despite the relevance of using metrics to aid in the financing of agricultural credit given the diversity of the existing business model, organizations have neglected their practice. Reasons for this fact include: (i) although access to credit is an significant factor in the adoption of agricultural technologies and increased agricultural incomes among rural farmers, are generally not sufficiently mature to make use of measurements or 2) researchers are not yet widely aware of the need for exploratory studies that identifies a mechanism to propose an agricultural credit financing strategy based on indicators through the analysis of a set of metrics. In this context, this article aims to conduct a systematic review to collect evidence on the existence of metrics and indicators that are specific for financing agricultural loans to rural families. The study produced 64 articles selected from the current literature and were not repeated because they were relevant.

scholarly journals Non-Monetary Incentives to Improve Job Performance at Property Company in Penang Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
Nur Fatin Nazierah Abu Bakar ◽  
Bidayatul Akmal Mustafa Kamil ◽  
Siti Norasyikin Abdul Hamid ◽  
Shamsul Huda Abd Rani
Keyword(s):  
Career Development ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Flexible Working ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of non-monetary incentives such as flexible working schedules, recognition and career development on job performance. Design/Methodology/Approach: The respondents of the study were among employees who work with property company in Penang. In this study, the quantitative method was implemented. In assessing the relationship between the variables, a total of 91 questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive and inferential data analysis technique. The method of analysis used in this study includes reliability test, Pearson correlation and multiple regression. Findings: The findings of this research reveal that flexible working schedules, recognition and career development has significant relationship on employees' job performance. Implications/Originality/Value: The findings of the study can be applied by the management of property company in their effort to enhance job performance of their employees by considering the determinant factors involved in this study, particularly in enhancing the non-monetary incentives. Moreover, this study may help in improving employees' job performance and thereby gaining higher rewards and benefits to them. Consequently, the research provides guidance how non-monetary incentives works or give positive result in such a way it gives employees and organization enough satisfaction.

Reliability of the Minimum Masking Level as Outcome Variable in Tinnitus Clinical Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-435
Author(s):  
Patricia C. Mancini ◽  
Richard S. Tyler ◽  
Hyung Jin Jun ◽  
Tang-Chuan Wang ◽  
Helena Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Trained Subjects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Minimum Intensity

Purpose The minimum masking level (MML) is the minimum intensity of a stimulus required to just totally mask the tinnitus. Treatments aimed at reducing the tinnitus itself should attempt to measure the magnitude of the tinnitus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the MML. Method Sample consisted of 59 tinnitus patients who reported stable tinnitus. We obtained MML measures on two visits, separated by about 2–3 weeks. We used two noise types: speech-shaped noise and high-frequency emphasis noise. We also investigated the relationship between the MML and tinnitus loudness estimates and the Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire (THQ). Results There were differences across the different noise types. The within-session standard deviation averaged across subjects varied between 1.3 and 1.8 dB. Across the two sessions, the Pearson correlation coefficients, range was r = .84. There was a weak relationship between the dB SL MML and loudness, and between the MML and the THQ. A moderate correlation ( r = .44) was found between the THQ and loudness estimates. Conclusions We conclude that the dB SL MML can be a reliable estimate of tinnitus magnitude, with expected standard deviations in trained subjects of about 1.5 dB. It appears that the dB SL MML and loudness estimates are not closely related.

Tourism awareness as a tourism development strategy: status of the issue

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Rosas-Jaco ◽  
S.X. Almeraya-Quintero ◽  
L.G. Guajardo-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Training Manual ◽  
Environmental Development ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Tourism has become the main engine of economic, social and environmental development in several countries, so promoting tourism awareness among tourists and the local population should be a priority. The present study aims to suggest a status of the research carried out on the topic of tourism awareness. Design / methodology / approach: The type of analysis is through a retrospective and exploratory bibliometric study. The analysis materials were scientific articles and a training manual published between 2000 and 2020, registered by Scopus, Emerald insight and Dialnet, using “tourism awareness” as the keyword. Results: When considering the three senses in which tourism awareness ought to operate, it is concluded that studies are more focused on the relationship and contact of the host community with the tourist. It is observed that four out of six articles in this sense consider that education, training, and government policies around tourism awareness should be developed in a better way in the destinations, in order to be an element that contributes to the development of communities and reduces poverty in developing countries. Study limitations / implications: It is considered a limitation not to include thesis dissertations. Findings / conclusions: It is necessary to make visible the importance of tourism awareness as a local development strategy for communities, in addition to including tourism awareness on the part of tourists.

The Relationship Among Job Satisfaction, Oreganizational Commitiment and Employees’ Turnover at Unilever Corporation in Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Chiemeke Kingsley Chiedu ◽  
Choi Sang Long ◽  
Hapriza BT Ashar
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Employee Turnover ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Employee Turnover Intentions ◽  
The Relationship

Employee turnover has become a key performance indicator for many organizations as they struggle to retain talented employees. The negative impact of turnover on organizational performance has continually forced organizational leaders to seek better ways of retaining valuable employees. The relationship between man and work has always attracted the attention of philosophers. A major part of men’s life is spent at work. Work is social reality and social expectation to which men seem to conform. It not only provides status to the individual but also binds him to the society. An employee who is satisfied with his job would perform his duties well and be committed to his job, and subsequently to his organization. This paper examines relationship among job satisfaction, organizational commitment and employees’ turnover intentions at Unilever Corporation in Nigeria. The data for this study was collected from 117 employees currently working at Unilever Nigeria PLC using the survey method via the questionnaire. Pearson Correlation and the multiple regression analysis techniques using the SPSS version 22.0 was used for the data analysis. The findings of the study revealed that both job satisfaction and organizational commitment have significant negative relationship with employee turnover intentions. In addition, organizational commitment was revealed to have a more dorminant influence on employee turnover intentions than job satisfaction. Based on these findings, the implications, recommendations, practice, and theory were discussed.

Teachers' Attitudinal Orientation Towards the Socially Disadvantaged Students and their Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-72
Author(s):  
Anna Petr Šafránková ◽  
Tereza Humenská
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
The Relationship

In the context of education of socially disadvantaged pupils and the perspective of inclusive education, the teacher occupies a significant position. The presented study focuses on the issue of education of socially disadvantaged pupils, respectively its aim is to present results of the research survey focused on the attitudinal orientation of teachers in Pardubice, Liberec and Ústí nad Labem regions (n = 122) towards the socially disadvantaged pupils. Further, its goal is to find out whether there exists a relation between the teacher's attitudinal orientation and the region, his/her age, the length of the teaching experience, his/her experience with socially disadvantaged pupils education and their self-efficacy. In order to achieve research goals the Likert-type questionnaire method was used and as a research tool Teacher self-efficacy. The obtained data were subjected to factor analysis, in order to verify the relation between individual variables ANOVA was used, further Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. It was found out that teachers evaluate the group of socially disadvantaged pupils rather negatively, on the other hand, they evaluate the possibility to reduce or overcome their disadvantage originating from the family environment they come from rather positively and also they perceive the relationship between the school and the socially disadvantaged pupils rather positively. The teachers' attitudinal orientation is not related to the previous experience with the education of socially disadvantaged pupils, the length of their teaching experience and region where the teachers work. On the contrary, the relation between teachers' attitudinal orientation and age and self-efficacy was proved.

scholarly journals Time series analysis of the relationship between diarrhea in children and Rota 2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the eastern region of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Atampiiga Avoka ◽  
Elvis J. Dun-Dery ◽  
Issah Seidu ◽  
Armel N. E. Abou ◽  
Paul Twene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
R Software ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Severe Gastroenteritis ◽  
Access To Medical Care ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Rotavirus is considered the main causal factor of severe gastroenteritis among infants and children globally. The association with severe rotavirus infection is mostly worse among the least developed countries, mainly due to inadequate access to medical care and poverty. This study was conducted to determine the seasonal effects in respect of diarrhea cases in children, the association between diarrhea cases and Rota2 vaccine in the Fanteakwa District of the Eastern Region of Ghana. Methods The study compares monthly diarrhea cases against children vaccinated with Rota2 extracted from DHIMS2 spanning May 2012 to December 2017 in Fanteakwa District. A univariate association between diarrhea cases and children vaccinated with Rota 2 was conducted using the R-software version 3.4.4 with the use of forecast, tseries and TSAPred. Pearson Correlation coefficient was also computed between monthly diarrhea cases and Rota 2 as well as lagged values of Rota 2 and Diarrhea cases. Results The study shows that February recorded the highest average number of diarrhea cases (172) over the period 2012 to 2017 with a standard deviation of 59. However, a one-way analysis of variance shows a significant difference amongst the monthly averages with an F-statistic of 0.042 and P-value of 0.064. It is observed that the correlations between each of the Rota2 doses and the lagged cases are positive, showing higher Rota2 doses a month ago ((Xt − 1),0.346 to0.735), two months ago ((Xt − 2),0.383 to 0.746), three months ago ((Xt − 3), 0.330 to 0.737) and four months ago ((Xt − 4), 0.236 to 0.723) are associated with lower diarrhea cases. The results also show that an increase in the previous two month’s Rota2 figures by 100 is associated with a significant decrease in the currently expected diarrhea cases by approximately 36. Conclusion Seasonal variations exist in the occurrence of diarrhea in children, with January recording the highest number of diarrhea cases (172). There is a relationship between episodes of diarrhea in children and Rota2 (p-value = 0.064); thus, the more children are vaccinated with Rota2, the less diarrhea cases are recorded. Diarrhea cases in Fanteakwa district are generally low, except 2013 and 2016 where the cases are higher than the rest of the other years.

scholarly journals A comparison of the relationship between parental efficacy and social support systems of single teen mothers across different family forms in South African low socioeconomic communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha L. Coert ◽  
Babatope O. Adebiyi ◽  
Edna Rich ◽  
Nicolette V. Roman
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Teen Mothers ◽  
Parental Efficacy ◽  
Social Support Systems ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Teenage parenting is recognised as one of the greatest health and social problems in South Africa. Research in South Africa has shown that by the age of 18 years, more than 30% of teens have given birth at least once. Teen mothers may feel disempowered because they are ‘othered’ and consequently, may develop forms of resistance which in most cases may inhibit their ability to parent. Social support is therefore, an imperative intervention for successful teen parenting but this is not clearly understood in South Africa. This study aimed to compare the relationship between parental efficacy and social support systems of single teen mothers across different family forms. Methods A quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional comparative correlation design was conducted with 160 single teen mothers who resided with a family in a low socio-economic community. The participants completed a self-report questionnaire that comprised of the Social Provisions Scale, and the Parenting Sense of Competence scale. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation were used to investigate the data. Results A significant positive relationship between social support and parental efficacy was found. When comparing different family forms, single teen mothers’ residing with one parent reported greater levels of parental efficacy and single teen mothers’ residing with two parents, re-counted high levels of social support under the subscales; guide, reliable and nurture. However, when computing for guardian-skip generation, results show that there is no significant relationship between parental efficacy and social support. As well as no correlation across subscales of social support. Conclusion The positive relationships between social support and parental efficacy are important for planning and applying parenting programmes amongst single teen mothers and facilitating awareness regarding the importance of social support and family forms when considering parenting practices.

scholarly journals Investigating Health Equity and Healthcare Needs among Immigrant Women Using the Association Rule Mining Method

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Ming-Hseng Tseng ◽  
Hui-Ching Wu
Keyword(s):  
Association Analysis ◽  
Association Rule ◽  
Association Rule Mining ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Rule Mining ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
The Relationship

Equitable access to healthcare services is a major concern among immigrant women. Thus, this study investigated the relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and healthcare needs among immigrant women in Taiwan. The secondary data was obtained from “Survey of Foreign and Chinese Spouses’ Living Requirements, 2008”, which was administered to 5848 immigrant women by the Ministry of the Interior, Taiwan. Additionally, descriptive statistics and significance tests were used to analyze the data, after which the association rule mining algorithm was applied to determine the relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and healthcare needs. According to the findings, the top three healthcare needs were providing medical allowances (52.53%), child health checkups (16.74%), and parental knowledge and pre- and post-natal guidance (8.31%). Based on the association analysis, the main barrier to the women’s healthcare needs was “financial pressure”. This study also found that nationality, socioeconomic status, and duration of residence were associated with such needs, while health inequality among aged immigrant women was due to economic and physical factors. Finally, the association analysis found that the women’s healthcare problems included economic, socio-cultural, and gender weakness, while “economic inequality” and “women’s health” were interrelated.

Perceptions of time at work

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristides Isidoro Ferreira ◽  
Joana Diniz Esteves
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Working Day ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – Activities such as making personal phone calls, surfing on the internet, booking personal appointments or chatting with colleagues may or may not deviate attentions from work. With this in mind, the purpose of this paper is to examine gender differences and motivations behind personal activities employees do at work, as well as individuals’ perception of the time they spend doing these activities. Design/methodology/approach – Data were obtained from 35 individuals (M age=37.06 years; SD=7.80) from a Portuguese information technology company through an ethnographic method including a five-day non-participant direct observation (n=175 observations) and a questionnaire with open-ended questions. Findings – Results revealed that during a five-working-day period of eight hours per day, individuals spent around 58 minutes doing personal activities. During this time, individuals engaged mainly in socializing through conversation, internet use, smoking and taking coffee breaks. Results revealed that employees did not perceive the time they spent on non-work realted activities accurately, as the values of these perceptions were lower than the actual time. Moreover, through HLM, the findings showed that the time spent on conversation and internet use was moderated by the relationship between gender and the leisure vs home-related motivations associated with each personal activity developed at work. Originality/value – This study contributes to the literature on human resource management because it reveals how employees often perceive the time they spend on non-work related activities performed at work inaccurately. This study highlights the importance of including individual motivations when studying gender differences and personal activities performed at work. The current research discusses implications for practitioners and outlines suggestions for future studies.

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