Көркөм тексттеги диалогдун табияты

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
А.М. Токтосунова
Keyword(s):  
Literary Text ◽  
Conversational Speech ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference

Аннотация. Макалада көркөм тексттеги диалогдун табияты жана аткарган кызматы жөнүндө сөз болот. Мисалдагы диалогдор Ч.Айтматовдун, Т.Касымбековдун чыгармаларынан алынып, талдоо жүргүзүлдү. Диалогдук кептин көркөм чыгармадагы орду жана оозеки кептеги диалогдон айырмачылыгы жөнүндө маалымат берилди. Диалог каармандардын деңгэлин, социалдык, моралдык, психологиялык, интеллектуалдык өзгөчөлүктөрүн, коомдогу социалдык-психологиялык кырдаалды ар тараптуу туюндурушу тууралуу сөз козголот. Ошону менен бирге диалогдун автордук идеяга, анын тажрыйбасына, чеберчилигине, дүйнө таанымына, чыгармачылык деңгээлине байланыштуу макалада белгиленди. Диалог аркылуу образ түзүү, дүйнөнү образдуу чагылдырылып берилери мисалдар менен бекемделди. Б.Усубалиевдин, Т.С.Маразыковдун пикирлери жетекчиликке алынды. Түйүндүү сөздөр: диалог, коммуникация, коннотация, стиль, семантика, функционалдык стиль, эстетика, прагматика, образ, подтексттик информация. Аннотация. В этой статье рассматриваются природа диалога и его роли в художественном тексте. Анализ приведен на примерах произведений Ч. Айтматова и Т. Касымбекова. Дана информация места диалога в художественных произведениях и устной речи, и различия от устной речи. В статье речь идёт о роли диалога в социально-психологической, моральной, интеллектуальной характеристике героев в различных социально-психологических ситуациях. В статье отмечается, что диалог связан с идеями, опытом, мировоззрением, уровнем творческого мастерства автора. Приведены примеры того, что через диалог создаются образы, даётся образная картина мира в различных условиях и ситуациях в художественной литературе. Взяты за руководство мнения Б.Усубалиева и Т. Маразыкова. Ключевые слова: диалог, коммуникация, коннотация, стиль, семантика, функциональный стиль, эстетика, прагматика, образ, подтекстная информация. Annotation. In the article the speech is going about the nature of dialogue and the literary text. The dialogues on examples are from Ch. Aitmatov᾿s and T. Kasymbekov᾿s works and they were analysed. It has been informed about the difference the role of dialogue in creative works and conversational speech. The article deals with the role of dialogue in the socio-psychological, moral, intellectual characterization of the characters in various socio-psychological situations. The article notes that the dialogue is connected with the ideas, experience, worldview, level of the creative skill of the author. Examples are given that images are created through dialogue, an imaginative picture of the world is given in various conditions and situations in fiction.The article has been guided by the opinions of T. Marazykov and B. Usubaliev. Keyword: dialogue, communication, connotation, style, semantics, functional style, aesthetics, pragmatics, image, subtext information.

Speculative Realism and Science Fiction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Willems
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Cormac Mccarthy ◽  
Doris Lessing ◽  
Speculative Realism ◽  
Neil Gaiman ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Quentin Meillassoux

A human-centred approach to the environment is leading to ecological collapse. One of the ways that speculative realism challenges anthropomorphism is by taking non-human things to be as valid objects of investivation as humans, allowing a more responsible and truthful view of the world to take place. Brian Willems uses a range of science fiction literature that questions anthropomorphism both to develop and challenge this philosophical position. He looks at how nonsense and sense exist together in science fiction, the way in which language is not a guarantee of personhood, the role of vision in relation to identity formation, the difference between metamorphosis and modulation, representations of non-human deaths and the function of plasticity within the Anthropocene. Willems considers the works of Cormac McCarthy, Paolo Bacigalupi, Neil Gaiman, China Miéville, Doris Lessing and Kim Stanley Robinson are considered alongside some of the main figures of speculative materialism including Graham Harman, Quentin Meillassoux and Jane Bennett.

scholarly journals What Difference Does Posthumanism Make?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rachel J. Crellin ◽  
Oliver J.T. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Productive Force ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper we argue that to understand the difference Posthumanism makes to the relationship between archaeology, agency and ontology, several misconceptions need to be corrected. First, we emphasize that Posthumanism is multiple, with different elements, meaning any critique needs to be carefully targeted. The approach we advocate is a specifically Deleuzian and explicitly feminist approach to Posthumanism. Second, we examine the status of agency within Posthumanism and suggest that we may be better off thinking about affect. Third, we explore how the approach we advocate treats difference in new ways, not as a question of lack, or as difference ‘from’, but rather as a productive force in the world. Finally, we explore how Posthumanism allows us to re-position the role of the human in archaeology,

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of libraries – the role of ISO 16439

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Creaser
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Standard ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Library Impact ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Library impact and how to evaluate it has been debated for a number of years. While the activity – the busy-ness – of the library is now routinely measured and described, the difference the library makes is less tangible and harder to measure. Libraries in all sectors and worldwide are grappling with this issue, and the purpose of this paper is to summarise international standards available to support them. Design/methodology/approach The first international standard concerning library impact, ISO 16439 Information and documentation – methods and procedures for assessing the impact of libraries, was published in 2014 after several years in development. Findings The standard describes a range of methods for assessing library impact which have been used across the world in a variety of libraries in all sectors. Originality/value This paper summarises the key methods described in the standard, and gives references for further reading.

scholarly journals AS MINAS GERAIS DO SÉCULO XVIII: IDENTIDADE NACIONAL E FORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL SOB O OLHAR DE CLÁUDIO MANUEL DA COSTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 130-155
Author(s):  
Kárita de Fátima Araújo
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
Identidad Nacional ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The World ◽  
The Look ◽  
Do So

Este trabalho, fruto da dissertação de Mestrado, tem como objetivo resgatar e compreender o modo pelo qual se processou a construção da identidade nacional e a formação territorial brasileira no contexto das Minas Gerais do século XVIII, buscou-se, desta feita, fazê-lo à luz das obras literárias dos poetas inconfidentes. Nesse sentido, a obra Vila Rica de Cláudio Manuel da Costa cumpre o papel de aliar Geografia e Literatura ao possibilitar o diálogo entre as manifestações artísticas do poeta e os componentes espaciais e temporais que compuseram a sociedade mineira do século XVIII. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, foi fundamental analisar alguns elementos, tais como, o conceito de sertão e sua condição de ocupação e isolamento para o período, diretamente relacionado ao desenvolvimento e decadência do chamado “ciclo do ouro”, além da formação daquela sociedade e do estabelecimento de uma “identidade nacional”, responsáveis por delinear para as Minas Gerais a possibilidade de compor uma nação independente de Portugal. Desta forma, o enredo literário permitiu observar qual compreensão do intelectual Cláudio Manuel da Costa acerca daquele aquele espaço e tempo. Sua visão do mundo refletiu-se nas entrelinhas do texto literário, revelando percepções, opiniões e posições diferenciadas acerca daquela realidade, aspectos fundamentais do processo de construção da nacionalidade e da territorialidade brasileiras. Palavras-chave: Geografia; Literatura; Vila Rica.   THE MINAS GERAIS OF THE XVIII CENTURY: NATIONAL IDENTITY AND TERRITORIAL TRAINING UNDER THE LOOK OF CLÁUDIO MANUEL DA COSTA Abstract This work, the result of the dissertation of Master, aims to rescue and understand the way in which the construction of the national identity and the Brazilian territorial formation in the context of the Minas Gerais of the XVIII century was processed, this time it was sought to do so in the light of the literary works of the poets of the Inconfidência Mineira. In this sense, the book Vila Rica by Cláudio Manuel da Costa fulfills the role of allying Geography and Literature by enabling the dialogue between the artistic manifestations of the poet and the spatial and temporal components that composed the mining society of the eighteenth century. To reach the proposed objective, it was fundamental to analyze some elements, such as the concept of sertão and its condition of occupation and isolation for the period, directly related to the development and decay of the so-called "gold cycle", besides the formation of that society and of the establishment of a "national identity", responsible for outlining for Minas Gerais the possibility of composing an independent nation of Portugal. In this way, the literary plot allowed to observe what understanding of the intellectual Cláudio Manuel da Costa about that space and time. His vision of the world was reflected in the lines of the literary text, revealing different perceptions, opinions and positions about that reality, fundamental aspects of the process of construction of Brazilian nationality and territoriality. Keywords: Geography; Literature; Vila Rica.   LAS MINAS GERAIS DEL SIGLO XVIII: IDENTIDAD NACIONAL Y FORMACIÓN TERRITORIAL BAJO LA MIRADA DE CLÁUDIO MANUEL DA COSTA Resumen Este trabajo, el resultado de la tesis de Maestría, pretende rescatar y entender la forma en la que demandó la construcción de la identidad nacional y la formación territorial de Brasil en el contexto de las Minas Gerais del siglo XVIII, se buscó, esta vez, lo hacen a la luz de las obras literarias de poetas de la Inconfidência Mineira. En este sentido, el trabajo de Vila Rica de Cláudio Manuel da Costa desempeña el papel de la combinación de Geografía y Literatura para facilitar el diálogo entre las expresiones artísticas del poeta y los componentes espaciales y temporales que componían la sociedad minera del siglo XVIII. Para lograr el objetivo propuesto, que era esencial para analizar algunos elementos, tales como el concepto de zona de influencia y su condición de ocupación y aislamiento para el período, directamente relacionada con el desarrollo y la decadencia de la "fiebre del oro", además de la formación de que la sociedad y el establecimiento de una "identidad nacional", responsable del diseño de Minas Gerais, la posibilidad de componer una nación independiente de Portugal. De este modo, la trama literaria ha observado que la comprensión intelectual de Cláudio Manuel da Costa acerca de aquél espacio y el tiempo. Su visión del mundo se refleja en las líneas del texto literario, que revela las percepciones, opiniones y posiciones diferentes sobre esa realidad, los aspectos fundamentales del proceso de construcción de la nacionalidad y territorialidad brasileñas. Palabras clave: Geografía; Literatura; Vila Rica.

Epidemology: The role of the World Health Organization in the study of influenza

1980 ◽  
Vol 288 (1029) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Early Years ◽  
World Health ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
The World ◽  
Pandemic Strains ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (W.H.O.), since its inception in 1947, has given close attention to influenza. In its early years W.H.O. laid the foundations of its present network of over 100 national influenza centres and collaborating laboratories which today constitute the backbone of its influenza activities. The activities of the network include the isolation and characterization of influenza strains and the early notification of any changes in surface antigens, the preparation of reference reagents, standardization of diagnostic procedures, formulation of requirements for vaccines, training, and collaboration in research. The efficacy of the network has been proved in the 1957, 1968 and 1977 epidemics. Collaborative research organized by W.H.O. has made important contributions to our understanding of the epidemiology of influenza, including the possible role of lower animals as the origin of some pandemic strains. The latter subject is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals An international survey on recognition and characterization of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (10) ◽  
pp. E1365-E1370
Author(s):  
Hon Chi Yip ◽  
Noriya Uedo ◽  
Shannon M. Chan ◽  
Anthony Yuen Bun Teoh ◽  
Simon Kin Hung Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
International Survey ◽  
Screening And Surveillance ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background and study aims Atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) are premalignant conditions of gastric cancer and endoscopic recognition and characterization may help in stratifying the gastric cancer risk for screening and surveillance. However, there is currently lack of consensus in defining the severity of AG and IM. We aimed to conduct an international survey to understand the current practice of endoscopists worldwide. Methods An online survey was designed to collect data regarding participants’ practice in endoscopic assessment of AG & IM. A test using images was conducted to evaluate the difference in accuracy of characterization of AG & IM. Results From July to October 2017, 249 endoscopists responded to the survey. Around 70 % of participants received some form of training on recognition of AG & IM. There was significant variety in the training received across different continents. One hundred seventy-six participants (70 %) would document the presence of both AG and IM, but the classification systems used were inconsistent between endoscopists. Overall accuracy in diagnosis of AG & IM in the image test was 84.5 % and 80.7 % respectively. The diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher among Japanese and Korean endoscopists compared to the rest of the world. Conclusion Training regarding endoscopic recognition of AG & IM differs significantly in different parts of the world. The difference in diagnostic accuracy for these premalignant gastric conditions may also explain the discrepancy in the early cancer detection rates among different countries. A simple unified classification system may be beneficial for better stratification of cancer risks.

scholarly journals Features of urging hashtags during the period of the Revolution of Dignity

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Visual Effect ◽  
World Community ◽  
Syntactic Features ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Revolution

The article considers the features of urging hashtags that functioned in Facebook and Twitter social networks during the Euromaidan. The role of hashtags in times of revolutions has been identified, and it has been noted that hashtags help uncensored revolutionaries to disseminate information among their compatriots and the world community, attract the attention of the world media, and encourage people to support and join them. The paper considers syntactic features of urging hashtags, it is indicated that in the vast majority of cases such hashtags are located at the end of the post, although some may be located in the middle of the post. In addition the paper mentions publications consisting of some hashtags, among which are urging hashtags. Studying urging hashtags as sentences, the author singled out the following types: simple and complex, two-syllable and one-syllable, common and uncommon, complete and incomplete, complicated and non-complicated. Moreover, it has been noted that urging hashtags have a motivating modality. In regards of the peculiarities of the graphics of urging hashtags, the author points out the difference in spelling of the same words to create a different visual effect. Due to the fact that the hashtags use no spaces, the addressers wrote the sentence in one word, and in order to visually separate the words, the beginning of a word was capitalized or words were hyphenated. In addition, attention is drawn to punctuation and apostrophes: authors did not use those in the posts, because they „break” the words, after which the statement ceases to be the one single hashtag. In order to spread urging hashtags not only in the Ukrainian-speaking space, but also among the world audience, the addressers published urging hashtags in both Ukrainian and English, while the use of urging hashtags in Ukrainian remains more frequent.

Bioethical Challenges of Human Genome Editing Technologies in Embryos

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-82
Author(s):  
◽  
Olga V. Popova ◽  
Pavel D. Tishchenko ◽  
Sergey Yu. Shevchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Moral Status ◽  
Technological Transformation ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Ethics Of Responsibility ◽  
The World ◽  
Biomedical Technologies ◽  
The Difference

Bioethical challenges associated with the development of human e mbryo genome editing technologies are being investigated. The role of bioethics as a fo­rum for discussing the interdisciplinary anthropological and ethical problems generated by the progress of biomedical technologies is noted. The basis of con­tradictions and discussions around the acceptability of the technologies under consideration is the value ambivalence associated with the difference between the artificial and the natural. Almost any innovation in the field of biology and medicine, and here genome editing technologies are no exception, since its in­ception has been at the epicenter of a sharp ideological confrontation between supporters of the progressive technological transformation of the world and their opponents from the camp of environmentally concerned people of bio-conserva­tive values. Progressive ideas are refined through ideas the life instrumenta­lization. Bio-conservative ideas are substantiated by the principle of natality H. Arendt, which is used by J. Habermas in criticizing neo-eugenic projects and supported by G. Jonas in the concept of ecological imperative. The problem of the moral status of embryos, the specific advantages and disadvantages of con­servative and liberal positions are analyzed, and a retroactive model of the moral status of embryos is proposed, which represents a specific social construction. The project of normative monitoring of the consequences of using human em­bryo genome editing technologies Sh. Yasanoff is discussed. Its connection with the ideas of ethics of responsibility of H. Jonas is established.

scholarly journals The role of non-verbal cues in image making on the basis of selected press advertisements showing elderly women

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Kinga Kowalewska
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Verbal Cues ◽  
Average Consumer ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference

In Europe, the population of people over 60 years old has increased dramatically in the last few decades. Due to the demographic changes, in Poland, the world of marketing seems to discover the purchasing power of the elderly. Seniors become not only the receivers but also the senders of advertising messages. In order to sell a product, ad makers present people who are supposed to be liked, trusted, identified with and finally followed. In a press advertisement, to which an average consumer devotes 1.5 seconds, the picture is of top priority. The present research aims at analyzing the image of elderly women in press advertisements on the basis of their physical appearance, the context of the depicted situation, their clothes, facial expressions, eye-contact, and other visible traits. The survey study was conducted among young people to see the difference in their perception of elderly women in the pictures illustrating press advertisements for different products. The research results show how the positive image of the elderly in advertising can be created.

scholarly journals CHARLES BALLY’S THEORY OF ACTUALIZATION

2017 ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Elena V. Shelukhova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Special Means ◽  
The Difference

The present article is focused on Charles Bally’s theory of actualization. In his work the linguist describes in detail actualization of the concept (thing or process) and gives the definition to the actualized concept paying attention to the difference in actualization between nouns and verbs. He points out that the concept can be actualized via context or special means or actualizers that assist in actualization of the potential concept. Bally supposes that the actualized concept is a two-sided linguistic symbol where the role of the formal identifier is played by the actualizer which can be expressed by an internal form of the word (case endings) as well as external one (articles, adverbs, pronouns, etc.). The scientist distinguishes three types of actualization: implicit, partly explicit and fully explicit. The linguist explains as well the difference between actualization and characterization of the concept. Also, Ch. Bally observes cases when concepts can be actualized without context or actualizers.

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