scholarly journals PERGESERAN MAKNA MITOS NILAI SPIRITUAL KEBUDAYAAN ONDEL-ONDEL PADA KEPERCAYAAN MASYARAKAT BETAWI ZAMAN DAHULU DAN ZAMAN SEKARANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-121
Author(s):  
Lazizah Akmaliyah ◽  
Zahratul Jannah Zulfa ◽  
Nikmah Rochmawati
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Performance ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Myths ◽  
The People ◽  
Sacred Object ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Shifts

Ondel-ondel is a cultural performance of the Betawi people passed down from generation to generation. However, the problem that occurs is that along with the development of the era, ondel-ondel is no longer a sacred object and is no longer used for ritual offerings and the loss of cultural values of the ancestors. The purpose of making this journal is to find out the shift in the meaning of the ondel-ondel cultural myth to the beliefs of the people of Jakarta. The method used in this study uses a qualitative approach and data collection techniques use interview techniques, observation and analysis of various journals or literature studies. The subject of this research was conducted on 4 people, namely a number of the Jakarta community about their views on the shift in the meaning of the myth of ondel-ondel art. In this day and age, ondel-ondel shows are very easy to find, especially on roadside areas in Jakarta. Unlike the old days, ondel-ondel was only displayed when there were certain events such as a traditional Betawi wedding. The result of this research is that there are differences and shifts in the meaning of ondel-ondel cultural myths. In ancient times ondel-ondel was only displayed during certain events. And people in ancient times tend to still believe in the existing ondel-ondel cultural myths. Unlike the current era, ondel-ondel is used as a means of getting money. The benefit of this research is to find out what values have been lost from previous cultures and be able to take good positive values taught in previous cultures without taking the negative values found in the past culture. It is enough to make historical knowledge to remember existing history. This study concludes that there has been a shift in meaning in the myth of ondel-ondel culture and sadly it occurs due to the pressure of economic factors.

The Efficiency of the Modern Practice of Teaching the Critical Analysis of Historical Sources in Russian Teachers' Self-Assessments

2021 ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Olga M. Khlytina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
History Teachers ◽  
Functional Literacy ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dominant Feature ◽  
The Subject

The article summarizes the results of an Internet survey of history teachers, in which 216 teachers from 31 regions of Russia took part. The author considers the development of the subject-oriented ability to work with historical sources in the context of the development of schoolchildren's functional literacy as a priority task of the modern Russian school. The aim of the study is to characterize the methodological ways of teaching schoolchildren the methods of analyzing historical sources dominant in teachers' work based on expert teachers' assessments of how well graduates of the 9th and 11th grades mastered the ability to critically analyze historical sources, identify their effectiveness, suggest options for improving mass teaching practice. The analysis of literature has shown that the ability to analyze historical sources is interpreted as the basis for the development of historical and critical thinking, a person's ability to independently cognize the past. Methodological science has substantiated various models of student analysis of historical sources based on the methodology of modern historical science and focused on the development of schoolchildren' subject and metasubject skills, functional literacy. At the same time, the results of the survey indicate that the vast majority of the teachers organize work with sources outside any system and sequence, and no more than once or twice during the term. Explaining the reasons for this, the teachers point to work overload, lack of high-quality didactic support of courses, and a low level of student learning. They also say they need advanced training in teaching schoolchildren to work with historical sources. The teachers note the low level of their students' mastery of the basic procedures for analyzing historical sources: according to the teachers' assessments, in 60-80% of classes in Russian schools, less than half of the students mastered the basic ability to “read” sources (extract explicit and implicit information). According to a third of the teachers, no more than 20% of their students are able to complete tasks on commenting on a historical source when a student, relying on knowledge of the context, begins to understand the past, think as historians think. Another quarter of the teachers indicated an interval of 30-40%. When working with sources, the dominant feature is the formation of historical knowledge, and the tasks of the students' learning the activity- and value-based components of educational historical knowledge are not solved effectively enough, which ultimately makes it difficult for students to achieve results in the subject and complicates the solution of the complex tasks of improving the quality of education that Russian education is faced with today.

scholarly journals Educar para una ciudadanía crítica: una investigación a partir de los usos y finalidades de la historia escolar

Panta Rei ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-237
Author(s):  
Néstor Banderas Navarro
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transformative Potential ◽  
Teaching Position ◽  
Hybrid Teaching ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Didactic Strategies

En esta investigación se examinan los usos y finalidades de la historia en un instituto en relación a la formación ciudadana. El saber histórico tiene gran potencial crítico y permite adquirir criterios para actuar democráticamente. Se emplearán entrevistas semiestructuradas a dos docentes y cuestionarios y narrativas a su alumnado de 1.º y 4.º ESO. La investigación constata un posicionamiento docente híbrido, encontrando rasgos de modelos tradicionales en la enseñanza (el escaso tratamiento de temas controversiales), y críticos, como la creencia en el potencial transformador de la materia. En el alumnado se observarán posiciones objetivistas acerca del pasado, que conviven con ejemplos de mayor capacidad de agencia ante cuestiones actuales. La profundización en estrategias didácticas que aborden la educación política desde la historia redundará en la adquisición de habilidades y actitudes para vivir en democracia. This research examines the uses and purposes of history in a high school in relation to citizen training. Historical knowledge has great criticism potential and allows acquiring criteria to act democratically. Semi-structured interviews with two teachers and questionnaires and narratives will be used for students in 1st and 4th ESO. The research shows a hybrid teaching position, finding traits of traditional models in teaching (the scarce treatment of controversial topics), and critics, such as the belief in the transformative potential of the subject. In the students, objectivist positions about the past will be observed, which coexist with examples of greater agency capacity in the face of current issues. The deepening of didactic strategies that address political education from History will result in the acquisition of skills and attitudes to live in democracy.

Interpretation of Material Cultural Heritage in the Context of Museum

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-2) ◽  
pp. 337-351
Author(s):  
Sergey Pilyak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Main Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects ◽  
Creative Understanding ◽  
Cultural Heritage Preservation

Interpretation of cultural values and cultural heritage is one of the most common types of their development and creative understanding. However, the concept of ‘interpretation’ remains blurred among related processes, usually without getting much mention. In the field of cultural heritage preservation, interpretation is the main method of human development of cultural heritage objects. The process and results of interpretation, as shown by the long history of preservation of cultural heritage, also affect the preservation of cultural heritage. The proposed material is devoted to the consideration of a museum as an example of one of the most consistent built spaces and tools for the interpretation of cultural heritage. The subject of the research is the methods of museum work considered in the context of mechanisms of interpretation of material cultural heritage. Museum as an instrument of interpretation has been known since ancient times. Human interest in ancient artifacts that act as visible symbols of historical and cultural memory of the past, eventually led to the development of collecting, and then, with the publication of collections, to the emergence of museums. Museum and its activities occupy a special place in the methodology of interpretation. The museum space can set its own special rhythm of historical time and create conditions for comfortable perception of the presented artifacts. No other cultural institution has such a task, and if it is necessary to present an artifact, interested persons in one way or another turn to the method tested on museum sites. As a result of the research, the author identified five stages of museum activities, which are generally typical for the mechanism of interpretation of cultural heritage. Therefore, the main goal of museum activities should be recognized as an interpretation of cultural heritage. In accordance with this goal, the museum's tasks are also implemented, including the preservation, publication and promotion of the collection's artifacts. Thus, the role and place of the museum as a specific space created for the purpose of interpreting cultural heritage is proved. These provisions allow us to look at the theory and practice of museum activities in a different way, in the context of interpreting cultural identity.

Sexuality in Nineteenth-Century England: the social context of illegitimacy in rural Kent

Rural History ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Reay
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
General Phenomenon ◽  
Local Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject

More bad history has been written about sex than any other subject. Our ignorance about the sexual attitudes and behaviour of people in the past is compounded by a desire to rush to rash generalisation. This is unfortunate, for (consciously or not) our perceptions of the present are shaped by our assumptions about the past. Britain's current preoccupation with ‘Victorian values’ is but a politically visible example of a more general phenomenon. And, more specifically, we do not know a great deal about lower-class sexuality in nineteenth-century England. There are studies of bourgeois desires and sensibilities, but little on the mores of the vast bulk of the population.As Jean Robin has demonstrated recently, one of the most fruitful approaches to the subject is the detailed local study – the micro-study. It may not appeal to those with a penchant for the broad sweep, but such an approach can provide a useful entry into the sexual habits of the people of the past. This article is intended as a follow-up to Robin's work. It deals with a part of rural Kent and, like Robin's work, it covers an aspect of nineteenth-century sexuality – in this case, the social context of illegitimacy. More particularly, this study (and here I differ from Robin) will question the usefulness of the concept of a ‘bastardy-prone sub-society’ (more of which later), a term still favoured by many historical sociologists. The experience of rural Kent suggests that bearing children outside marriage should be seen not as a form of deviancy but rather as part of normal sexual culture.

Suffrage Provisions in State Constitutions

1919 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-592
Author(s):  
Kirk H. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Expert Advice ◽  
General Outline ◽  
State Constitutions ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Legislative Policy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Vain Attempt ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Similar Legislation

Within recent years there has been a tendency to give more careful attention to the technique of legislation. In the past proposed laws have often been prepared by legislators who knew what they wanted, but were not able to express their wishes in scientifically constructed form. It is desirable of course that representatives of the people should determine legislative policy; and yet it is not counter to any intelligent principle of democracy that the drafting of bills should be done by experts who can put in brief though adequate phrases the essence of what the technically unskilled representative may want. It should be their task to use political machinery intelligently, and to warn the overzealous advocate against using it in a vain attempt to achieve an end which mayhap cannot be secured through political machinery at all. It is right that the people, through democratic channels of popular assemblies, should determine what they want; but it is no less proper that use should be made of those with special training to formulate ways and means.Some states have already established legislative reference bureaus which do the work of bill drafting. The individual legislator goes to the bureau with a general outline of a law he has in mind. The bureau renders expert advice on the subject matter of the bill, if such advice is wanted, and proceeds to draft a measure embracing the subject in hand. The staff connected with the bureau should be prepared to offer advice as to the constitutionality of the proposed law, to cite precedents in other states if such can be found, and to express an opinion as to the probable attitude of the courts when interpreting it. Information should be at hand regarding the experience of other states, or indeed other countries, with similar legislation.

scholarly journals ASSAY OF ENGLISH CUISINE: ADVENT AND ADVANCEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
A. Steve Roger Raj ◽  
J. Eugene
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Future ◽  
Constant State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Insight Into

England is a country that has experienced various changes throughout the course of its history. From its land being invaded to colonizing in other lands, the cuisine has been under the constant state of adaptation and improvisation in order to meet the dietary needs of the people. This research is done to give an insight into the English Cuisine with respect to history in order to better elucidate the nature of the English food in adaptive flux through the centuries. This study shows historical data excavated from evidential books published throughout those centuries as well as articles and data published on the subject. The objectives of the research done are: To understand the nature of the English cuisine. To understand the history and origin of the English food developed. To understand the influences the cuisine had on other countries. To analyze the past events and the changes made that affect the current English Cuisine and evolution undergone. To better understand the future of the cuisine in terms of survival.

scholarly journals Training of future teachers in innovative teaching methods in the process of teaching arts and crafts

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3D) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sergii Chyrchyk ◽  
Valerii Atlanov ◽  
Andrii Kravchenko ◽  
Yaroslav Lohinskyy ◽  
Olena Tryhub
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
Innovative Teaching ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Pedagogical Competence ◽  
The Subject

Arts and crafts, preserves the historical and spiritual and cultural memory of the people, is a manifestation of their actions and feelings. It is that powerful root of human growth and improvement, nourishes the next generation with the life-giving force of the past. Contemplation and perfect mastery of arts and crafts motivates students to perceive any scientific, artistic information through the prism of studies, transform it in oneself and turn it into the property of the national spirit, culture, defend their ideals, views and beliefs. The subject of this article is a retrospective analysis of historical experience regarding the possibilities of arts and crafts in the formation of artistic and pedagogical competence of future teachers of fine arts. A thorough study of history, trends in the development of arts and crafts, mastering the techniques of creating art products contributes to the process of transferring students' knowledge into their beliefs, influences the actions and deeds of future teachers.

scholarly journals Dialectal vocabulary of labour activities of the people residing on the banks of the Nepryadva River

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
N. A. Krasovskaya ◽  
L. V. Kilmamatova
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
The People ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Professional Occupation ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
Poultry Farming

The main goal of this article is to draw readers' attention to the dialectal vocabulary, which belongs to the thematic group of labour. Dialectal vocabulary is most often associated with historical facts, it reflects the traditional worldview of a person, his/her system of values. The article considers lexical units that were recorded on a territory rich in its historical and cultural past. This article is devoted to the analysis of dialectal vocabulary, reflecting labour activity and professional occupation of people living in the basin of the upper reaches of the Nepryadva River. Since ancient times, the population of this region was engaged in various activities and crafts. The thematic group “Labour activity” comprises a whole complex of subgroups that have repeatedly become the subject of consideration by linguists. In the framework of the article, the authors focus on the lexical empirical material that exists in the Tula group of dialects. They analyze a particular part of lexis that reflects important areas of human activity, such as field cultivation, gardening, horticulture, animal husbandry, poultry farming. As a result of the study, it is concluded that the dialectal vocabulary of the specified thematic group is a system, and the selected empirical material makes it possible to see the identity in the dialects of the studied settlements and certain differences. It should be emphasized that, despite the persistent tendency to leveling, dialectal lexical units related to the thematic group of labour continue to exist in modern dialects of the Russian language. The considered lexical units and samples of dialectal professional discourse require further scientific consideration.

scholarly journals Children of an Epoch or a Slave of His Time (about the System of Images and the Image of an Epoch in Literature)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Albina Fedorovna Myshkina ◽  
Inessa Vladimirovna Iadranskaia
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Artistic Image ◽  
Time Continuum ◽  
Historical Epoch

In human culture, since ancient times, fiction has developed as a mirror of time. Therefore, a dual understanding of time is reflected in the poetics of the work: firstly, it is the time that is connected with the narrative and is developed in the plot of the work (artistic time), and secondly, it is the time, the epoch of writing the work itself (historical time). The artistic image of the time is reflected not only in historical genres, but also in all other genres and styles of literature. The historical era of writing a work can be captured in the thoughts and worldview of the characters, in the conflict being developed, the subject matter and the problems involved. The relevance of the study is related to the fact that the tragic periods of history depicted in the work must be analyzed through the worldview and moral standarts of the people. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to identify the philosophical and aesthetic connection between the artistic time continuum and the historical epoch. The subject of the research in this article is the novelette of the literary scholar and prose writer Georgy Fedorov “Ai, mantaran hir mulkaci” ("Oh, poor hare »). In the course of the study, the following results were obtained: in an artistic and philosophical work, the category of time becomes both a method of deepening the character's personality, and an indicator of the figurative model of the world, and the subject of research.

scholarly journals AGENTS IN THE PROCESS OF INCULTURATION: FRIEND OR FOE?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Okelloh Ogera
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Church Leaders ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
African Christianity ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Church

Purpose: This article looks at the role played by agents: the people responsible for articulating and implementing inculturation in Africa. The article asks the simple question of are these agents useful or a hindrance in the process of inculturation? The article begins by identifying these agents then discusses the challenges they face in the process of inculturation. The article concludes by giving a way forward and that is an integrated approach in inculturation.Methodology: This study will review the available literature on the subject with a view to examining what previous research says concerning the role of the agents, that is human beings, in the process of inculturation. This was done with the main objective of examining the challenges that he agents of inculturation face, and concluding by exploring an integrated approach to inculturation, where all the agents are brought on board. Findings: This study found out that if inculturation is to truly take root in African Christianity, it must bring on board all actors, not just Church leaders, and trained theologians, but also the laity. All these actors also need to overcome some of the challenges that have hindered the prospects of inculturation which include but not limited to fear of syncretism, lack of enthusiasm by some Church leaders, answering the question of culture in a post-modern and globalized world.Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This paper will offer unique contributions to policies and practices governing the attempts to make the Church in Africa truly African by proposing a re-evaluation of the way inculturation has been carried out in the past. This has tended to be spearheaded by professional theologians and some church leaders, neglecting the biggest constituency in the entire process, and that is the consumer of inculturational processes; the laity.

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