scholarly journals EXPOLRING RATOON PROSPECTIVE OF SUGARCANE VARIEITES / CLONES AT TOBA TEK SINGH

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Waqas Raza Arshad ◽  
Muhammad Ehsan Khan ◽  
Zaheer Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Recovery ◽  
Current Analysis ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Significant Potential ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
High Production

Sugarcane is the crop that have the quality to sprout after its first harvesting, phenomenon known as ratooning. Among all other major crops, sugarcane ratooning is widely acceptable to farmers of the Punjab. The more the tillers grew, the higher are the chances of a greater number of stalks to be harvested. It is proven that more the number of stalks, the thinner is the diameter, finally results in more stalks and high production. Similarly, higher number of canes produce favorable ratoon. In this experiment, performance of Seven promising sugarcane varieties/clones along with the check variety CPF-246, were tested for their ratoon ability capacity at farmer’s field at Toba Tek Singh during the year 2017-18. It has been found that one of the varieties S2008-FD-19 produced that maximum ratoon yield, U2003-US-633 produced the maximum sugar recovery and S2003-US-133 produced maximum number of mill able canes. The observing of the current analysis also revealed that S2003-US-633 and S2003-US-133 have significant potential for boom sugar recovery through breeding programs and by improving the production techniques.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF PROMISING AND COMMERCIAL SUGARCANE CLONES AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS IN THAL AND SOUTHERN PUNJAB

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sarwar ◽  
Warda Muzaffar ◽  
Waqas Raza Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Sugar Recovery ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Water Tables ◽  
Sugar Mills ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
Valley River

Topographical areas better adapted for sugar cane cultivation must be identified and preserved, for this study Indus valley river delta in South Punjab represents promising features for prosperous sugarcane cultivation (lower water pumping costs due to higher water tables, sugarcane being flood resistant crop in Pakistan. Eight sugarcane varieties and eight promising clones were grown on different locations in Punjab at farmer’s field using RCBD with three replications. The objective of this study is to evaluate varieties under different ecological zones. These clones were tested for their proficiency at four different locations during 2018-19. The “Thal” and Southern Punjab viz; 142/TDA Lalazar Layyah, Indus Sugar mills Rajanpur, Ashraf Sugar Mills Bahawalpur and Adam Sugar Mills Chishtian. The data on germination %, tillers / plants, Number of mill able canes, canes yield tones/ ha and commercial cane sugar (CCS) were recorded during the course of study. It is obvious from pooled mean of four locations that cane yield of clone S2002-US-133 gave 84.13 % higher cane yield as compared the check variety CPF 248 as far as CCS% is concerned, sugarcane clones S200-US-633 and S200-US-133 gave the higher sugar recovery that is 15.31 % & 15.23 % respectively more than check variety. Whereas S200-US-658 and HSF240 have the lowest CCS% 1.22 & 1.14 % less than check.

scholarly journals Sustainability of grape-ethanol energy chain

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Ester Foppa Pedretti ◽  
Daniele Duca ◽  
Giuseppe Toscano ◽  
Giovanni Riva ◽  
Andrea Pizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
High Production ◽  
Energy Chain ◽  
Intermediate Situation ◽  
Transformation Processes

The aim of this work is to evaluate the sustainability, in terms of greenhouse gases emission saving, of a new potential bio-ethanol production chain in comparison with the most common ones. The innovation consists of producing bio-ethanol from different types of no-food grapes, while usually bio-ethanol is obtained from matrices taken away from crop for food destination: sugar cane, corn, wheat, sugar beet. In the past, breeding programs were conducted with the aim of improving grapevine characteristics, a large number of hybrid vine varieties were produced and are nowadays present in the Viticulture Research Centre (CRA-VIT) Germplasm Collection. Some of them are potentially interesting for bio-energy production because of their high production of sugar, good resistance to diseases, and ability to grow in marginal lands. Life cycle assessment (LCA) of grape ethanol energy chain was performed following two different methods: i) using the spreadsheet <em>BioGrace</em>, developed within the <em>Intelligent Energy Europe</em> program to support and to ease the Renewable Energy Directive 2009/28/EC implementation; ii) using a dedicated LCA software. Emissions were expressed in CO<sub>2</sub> equivalent (CO<sub>2</sub>eq). These two tools gave very similar results. The overall emissions impact of ethanol production from grapes on average is about 33 g CO<sub>2</sub>eq MJ<sup>–1</sup> of ethanol if prunings are used for steam production and 53 g CO<sub>2</sub>eq MJ<sup>–1</sup> of ethanol if methane is used. The comparison with other bio-energy chains points out that the production of ethanol using grapes represents an intermediate situation in terms of general emissions among the different production chains. The results showed that the sustainability limits provided by the normative are respected to this day. On the contrary, from 2017 this production will be sustainable only if the transformation processes will be performed using renewable sources of energy.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Analysis of Sugarcane Parents in Chinese Breeding Programmes Using gSSR Markers

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian You ◽  
Liping Xu ◽  
Yifeng Zheng ◽  
Youxiong Que
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
The World ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Genetic Structures ◽  
Simple Sequence

Sugarcane is the most important sugar and bioenergy crop in the world. The selection and combination of parents for crossing rely on an understanding of their genetic structures and molecular diversity. In the present study, 115 sugarcane genotypes used for parental crossing were genotyped based on five genomic simple sequence repeat marker (gSSR) loci and 88 polymorphic alleles of loci (100%) as detected by capillary electrophoresis. The values of genetic diversity parameters across the populations indicate that the genetic variation intrapopulation (90.5%) was much larger than that of interpopulation (9.5%). Cluster analysis revealed that there were three groups termed as groups I, II, and III within the 115 genotypes. The genotypes released by each breeding programme showed closer genetic relationships, except the YC series released by Hainan sugarcane breeding station. Using principle component analysis (PCA), the first and second principal components accounted for a cumulative 76% of the total variances, in which 43% were for common parents and 33% were for new parents, respectively. The knowledge obtained in this study should be useful to future breeding programs for increasing genetic diversity of sugarcane varieties and cultivars to meet the demand of sugarcane cultivation for sugar and bioenergy use.

scholarly journals Theobroma cacao L. cultivar CCN 51: a comprehensive review on origin, genetics, sensory properties, production dynamics, and physiological aspects

PeerJ ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e12676
Author(s):  
Ramon E. Jaimez ◽  
Luigy Barragan ◽  
Miguel Fernández-Niño ◽  
Ludger A. Wessjohann ◽  
George Cedeño-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Floral Biology ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Pollen Longevity ◽  
High Production ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Production Dynamics

Many decades of improvement in cacao have aided to obtain cultivars with characteristics of tolerance to diseases, adaptability to different edaphoclimatic conditions, and higher yields. In Ecuador, as a result of several breeding programs, the clone CCN 51 was obtained, which gradually expanded through the cacao-production regions of Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil and Peru. Recognized for its high yield and adaptability to different regions and environments, it has become one of the most popular clones for breeding programs and cultivation around the world. This review aims to summarize the current evidence on the origin, genetics, morphological, volatile compounds, and organoleptic characteristics of this clone. Physiological evidence, production dynamics, and floral biology are also included to explain the high yield of CCN 51. Thus, characteristics such as osmotic adjustment, long pollen longevity, and fruit formation are further discussed and associated with high production at the end of the dry period. Finally, the impact of this popular clone on the current and future cacao industry will be discussed highlighting the major challenges for flavor enhancement and its relevance as a platform for the identification of novel genetic markers for cultivar improvement in breeding programs.

Harnessing leaf photosynthetic traits and antioxidant defence for multiple stress tolerance in three premium indigenous rice landraces of Jeypore tract of Odisha, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Debabrata Panda ◽  
Biswajeet Mohanty ◽  
Prafulla K. Behera ◽  
Jijnasa Barik ◽  
Swati S. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Potential Donor ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Multiple Stresses ◽  
Stomatal Size ◽  
Rice Landraces ◽  
Psii Activity ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
Use Efficiency

The aim of the present research was to compare the effects of different abiotic stresses (drought, salinity and submergence) on growth, photosynthesis and PSII activity along with antioxidant defence of three premium rice landraces, namely Kalajeera, Machhakanta and Haladichudi from Jeypore tract of Odisha, India to evaluate their performance under multiple stresses and possibility of using in the pre-breeding programs. Results showed that drought, salinity and submergence significantly reduced plant growth, leaf photosynthesis, water use efficiency (WUE), carboxylation efficiency (CE), PSII activity and SPAD chlorophyll index, and the highest effect was observed in susceptible check variety (IR64). In addition, the indigenous rice lines showed better stomatal traits such as stomatal density (SD), stomatal size (SS) and stomatal number per leaf area (S/LA). Notably, higher activities of antioxidative enzymes and proline accumulation was observed in studied indigenous rice landraces and were found comparable with the drought and salinity tolerant (N22) and submergence tolerant (FR13A) check varieties. Based on our findings it was revealed that these landraces can be expected to possess an adequate level of tolerance to drought, salinity and submergence and showed adaptive fitness to multiple stresses during seedling stage. These landraces can be considered as potential donor for future rice pre-breeding program.

scholarly journals Sustainability of grape-ethanol energy chain

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2s) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Riva ◽  
E. Foppa Pedretti ◽  
G. Toscano ◽  
D. Duca ◽  
A. Pizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Production ◽  
Energy Chain ◽  
Intermediate Situation ◽  
Transformation Processes

The aim of this work is to evaluate the sustainability, in terms of greenhouse gases emission saving, of a new potential bio-ethanol production chain in comparison with the most common ones. The innovation consists of producing bio-ethanol from different types of no-food grapes, while usually bio-ethanol is obtained from matrices taken away from crop for food destination: sugar cane, corn, wheat, sugar beet. In the past, breeding programs were conducted with the aim of improving grapevine characteristics, a large number of hybrid vine varieties were produced and are nowadays present in the CRA-VIT (Viticulture Research Centre) Germplasm Collection. Some of them are potentially interesting for bio-energy production because of their high production of sugar, good resistance to diseases, and ability to grow in marginal lands. LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) of grape ethanol energy chain was performed following two different methods: (i) using the spreadsheet “BioGrace, developed within the “Intelligent Energy Europe” program to support and to ease the RED (Directive 2009/28/EC) implementation; (ii) using a dedicated LCA software. Emissions were expressed in CO2 equivalent (CO2eq). The results showed that the sustainability limits provided by the normative are respected to this day. On the contrary, from 2017 this production will be sustainable only if the transformation processes will be performed using renewable sources of energy. The comparison with other bioenergy chains points out that the production of ethanol using grapes represents an intermediate situation in terms of general emissions among the different production chains.

Assessing resistance of sugarcane varieties to sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis Fab. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. Tomaz ◽  
A.E. Coutinho ◽  
B.O. Soares ◽  
L.A. Peternelli ◽  
E.J.G. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Tunnel Length ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Sugarcane Borer ◽  
Diatraea Saccharalis ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Resistance Traits

AbstractIn this study, we investigated resistance traits to the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis Fab. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in the leaves and stalks of six sugarcane cultivars in a series of greenhouse and laboratory assays. Investigation of plant factors and infestation rates to better discriminate stalk damage by the sugarcane borer indicated that infestation of 7-month-old, single plants with 20 larvae at the third or fourth instar per plant was suitable to assess tunneling length. Three cultivars (i.e. SP803280, RB928064, and RB835486) had lower stalk damage (i.e. tunnel length) than cultivar SP891115, which exhibited relatively greater susceptibility to tunneling by the borer. The time required for the larvae to enter the sugarcane stalk was longer for cultivar SP803280, indicating resistance traits on the stalk surface, which correlated with lower stalk damage. Larvae feeding on SP813250 stalks had the lowest weight gain, indicating that this cultivar has resistance traits to larval development within its stalks. Cultivars RB867515 and SP891115 resulted in the highest mortality of early-stage larvae feeding on leaves, indicating the presence of resistance factors in their leaves. Multi-trait cluster and principal component analyses placed the cultivars into three and four clusters, respectively. The cultivars placed in different groups that exhibited resistance to leaf feeding, stalk entrance, and tunneling by the sugarcane borer could be used for crossings in sugarcane breeding programs with the goal of obtaining higher levels of resistance to D. saccharalis.

scholarly journals Utilizing Cold Plasma in Preparing Silver Nanoparticle from Origanum Vulgare

2019 ◽  
pp. 2433-2442
Author(s):  
Sabah N. Mazhir ◽  
Iman A Mohammed Ali ◽  
Hazim I. Al-Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Cold Plasma ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Agno3 Solution ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
High Production

     In this research, we obtained nanoparticles (NPs) using a type of microwave (cold plasma) and water extract from Origanum vulgare with the addition of silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution. Silver nanoparticles are characterized by high production techniques. Experimental factors such as morphology, structure, optical properties and active compounds of the nanoparticle extract were studied through specific tests such as morphology, UV spectroscopy, FE-SEM, FT-IR, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Plants were used in manufacturing the nanoparticles, as plants are well known for their accessibility and applicability in different pathological areas. The current research provides information on the Green Union System of Nanoparticles. It is concluded that, under the influence of cold plasma, the nanoparticles increased the nanoscale size of the molecules and thus increased the aggregation and the transformation of the pink color of the nanocrystal line to brown due to increased absorption.

scholarly journals High production of wheat double haploids via anther culture

Genetika ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Ankica Kondic-Sipka ◽  
Boris Kobiljski ◽  
Nikola Hristov
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
High Production ◽  
Dh Lines ◽  
Wheat Lines

Androgenous and regeneration abilities of 14 randomly selected F1 hybrids of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were analyzed. Anthers were grown in vitro on a modified Potato-2 inductive medium. The hybrid NS111-95/Ana had the highest average values for androgenous capacity (33%) and callus yield (119%), while the hybrid NS 92-250/Tiha had the lowest values for these traits (9 and 21%, respectively). Seven genotypes (50%) had a frequency of green plants relative to the number of isolated anthers of over 10%, with the highest frequency of 21.3% (NS111-95/Sremica). This hybrid produced 12.8 doubled haploid (DH) lines per spike used for isolation. In the other genotypes, the number of produced DH lines per spike ranged from 1 (30?Sc.Smoc.88-89/Hays-2) to 11.2 (NS111-95/Ana). As half of the randomly selected genotypes exhibited high green plant regeneration ability and a high production of DH lines per spike, it can be concluded that in vitro anther culture can be successfully used in breeding programs for rapid production of homozygous wheat lines.

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