Sensitivity of coronaviruses to disinfectants according to the results of foreign and domestic studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Grigoryevna Panteleeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Cationic Surfactants ◽  
Virucidal Activity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Significance

More than 40 different species of the family Coronaviridae are known. The greatest epidemiological significance was acquired by SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of a new coronavirus infection-COVID-19. It can persist on the surfaces of various objects from several hours to several days. It is sensitive to disinfectants from different chemical groups: chlorine-, oxygen-active, cationic surfactants, alcohols, aldehydes, and iodine-containing agents. Keywords: coronaviruses, survival rate, disinfectants, virucidal activity, virus sensitivity.

The impact of traditional plants and their secondary metabolites in the discovery of COVID-19 treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabana Bibi ◽  
Ayesha Sarfraz ◽  
Ghazala Mustafa ◽  
Zeeshan Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Aurang Zeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Test System ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
System Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Plant Sources

Background: Coronavirus Disease-2019 belongs to the family of viruses which cause a serious pneumonia along with fever, breathing issues and infection of lungs for the first time in China and later spread worldwide. Objective: Several studies and clinical trials have been conducted to identify potential drugs and vaccines for Coronavirus Disease-2019. The present study listed natural secondary metabolites identified from plant sources with antiviral properties and could be safer and tolerable treatment for Coronavirus Disease-2019. Methods: A comprehensive search on the reported studies was conducted using different search engine such as Google scholar, SciFinder, Sciencedirect, Medline PubMed, and Scopus for the collection of research articles based on plantderived secondary metabolites, herbal extracts, and traditional medicine for coronavirus infections. Results: Status of COVID-19 worldwide and information of important molecular targets involved in COVID-19 is described and through literature search, is highlighted that numerous plant species and their extracts possess antiviral properties and studied with respect to Coronavirus treatments. Chemical information, plant source, test system type with mechanism of action for each secondary metabolite is also mentioned in this review paper. Conclusion: The present review has listed plants that have presented antiviral potential in the previous coronavirus pandemics and their secondary metabolites which could be significant for the development of novel and a safer drug which could prevent and cure coronavirus infection worldwide.

scholarly journals Cutaneous manifestations in children with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
O. B. Tamrazova ◽  
A. S. Stadnikova ◽  
E. V. Rudikova
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Skin Manifestations ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

In late 2019, a new viral infection appeared in China, which spread around the world, causing a pandemic. The causative agent of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 is the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The review presents modern data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and course of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 in children. Chinese, American and European scientists have described a variety of cutaneous manifestations in children with COVID-19. The article provides a literature review of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 coronavirus infection in children. During our own observation of 301 patients with coronavirus infection COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 at the Bashlyaevs Children Hospital in Moscow from May 17 to November 16, 2020, it was revealed that 39 (13 %) patients had skin manifestations. The article presents a classification of skin manifestations characteristic of COVID-19. A brief description of each group is given.

scholarly journals Family violence in COVID-19 pandemic: Who is guilty and what to do?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
Oksana V. Besschetnova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
To Receive

The article presents the analysis of the problem of domestic violence on the basis of domestic and foreign statistical data and the research results. Attention is focused on the aggravation of this problem during the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in many countries of the world. The situation of uncertainty, a long stay in a confined space, the fear of contracting a new coronavirus infection, the inability to receive adequate medical care due to the congestion of the healthcare system, loss of financial stability, disruption of the usual rhythm of life led to the escalation of psychological tension. This resulted in the increase of domestic violence. The important role in resolving the situation and helping the victims of domestic violence under quarantine conditions was performed by specialized state and non-governmental organizations. Their activities underwent the structural, financial, and technological changes in the post-Covid-19 period. At the same time, in Russia there is a need of adopting a new federal law on combating domestic violence which will reduce the number of domestic crimes and increase the family values.

Chloracne Caused by Ingestion of Olive Oil Contaminated with PCDDs and PCDFs

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rodriguez-Pichardo ◽  
F. Camacho ◽  
C. Rappe ◽  
M. Hansson ◽  
A.G. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Serum Sample ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans ◽  
Human Toxicity ◽  
Cumulative Dosage ◽  
Respiratory Problem ◽  
The Family ◽  
Spanish Family

1 All members of a Spanish family (father, mother and six children) developed chloracne. 2 The causative agent was found to be the family's stock of olive oil, which had become contaminated with polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), pentachlorophenol, and hexachlorobenzene. 3 The more highly chlorinated PCDDs, in particular octachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin, were the predominant congeners in the oil. 4 Three members of the family exhibited either an overt or a sub-clinical disturbance of kidney function. The father also had a chronic respiratory problem. These changes could not be unequivocally attributed to the PCDDs. 5 Experimental toxicity of the oil was limited to the development of an hepatic porphyria in mice. 6 A serum sample, taken 5 years after consumption of the oil ceased, contained high levels of the PCDDs and PCDFs. Extrapolation back to ingested dose was used to validate dosage estimates. 7 The use of toxicity equivalence factors (TEFs) provided estimates of cumulative dosage to produce chloracne as 0.13-0.31 μg 2378-TCDD kg-1 (using EPA TEFs) or 6.7-16 μg 2378-TCDD kg-1 (using Nordic/NATO TEFs). 8 This is the first incident in which human toxicity is related primarily to ingestion of PCDDs and for which estimates of dosage can be made.

scholarly journals Look at the COVID-19 Pandemic with an Open Mind

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Open Mind ◽  
Usual Treatment ◽  
Acute Pneumonia ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Definition Of

Our assessment of various events and phenomena depends, first of all, on our baggage of acquired knowledge, established stereotypes and worldviews. It is this kind of bias that affects the definition of our goals, decisions and specific actions, which often go against the observed facts and lose sight of important features of the object being studied. The way experts perceive the current COVID-19 pandemic is one typical example of such a biased interpretation. The basis of the clinical picture of coronavirus infection is a lesion of the lung tissue, which, according to clinical and radiological and pathoanatomical data, is defined as viral inflammation and corresponds to the nosology "acute pneumonia" (AP)(1-4). According to the modern concept of AP, the only and main cause of this disease is considered to be its causative agent. This view of the nature of the AP is generally consistent with current events. Indeed, coronavirus infection causes inflammation of the lung tissue. At the same time, the usual treatment of AP with etiotropic drugs is unattainable in coronavirus infection due to the lack of such drugs.

scholarly journals Epizootiological-epidemiological importance of parasitic infections in wild canids

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 299-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Ilic ◽  
Sara Savic ◽  
Sanda Dimitrijevic
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Wild Canids ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Epidemiological Significance

The family of wild canids belongs to the order Carnivora and comprises 16 genuses that are distributed in most countries all over the world. The most important endoparasitic diseases of wild canids are toxocariasis, uncinariasis, capillariasis, trichinellosis, echinococcosis, cestodiasis, opisthorchiasis, and alariasis. Ectoparasites that most often exist as parasites in wild canids are mites, fleas, ticks and scabies.Wild canids have a large epizootiological-epidemiological significance since they are hosts to parasites that cause certain vector diseases, the most important of which are leishmaniasis, ehrilichiosis, babesiasis, borreliosis, dirofilariasis, bartonellosis, and hepatozoonosis. The increased frequency of interaction between domestic and wild canids steps up the risk of the appearance, spread, and maintaining of the disease in domestic dog populations. Observed from the aspect of the biological and ecological risk, that can be caused by zoonotic infections, the knowledge of the etiology and epizootiology of parasistic infections of wild canids is of particular importance for the region of the Republic of Serbia.

scholarly journals ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Redondoviridae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arwa Abbas ◽  
Louis J. Taylor ◽  
Ronald G. Collman ◽  
Frederic D. Bushman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Illness ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
Single Stranded Dna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Reading Frames

Viruses in the family Redondoviridae have a circular genome of 3.0 kb with three open reading frames. The packaged genome is inferred to be single-stranded DNA by analogy to related viruses. Redondoviruses were discovered through metagenomic sequencing methods in samples from human subjects and are inferred to replicate in humans. Evidence of redondovirus infection is associated with periodontitis and critical illness, but redondoviruses have not been shown to be the causative agent of any diseases. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Redondoviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/redondoviridae.

scholarly journals A case report of an undiagnosed COVID-19 infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
zhiqian Wu ◽  
haibo Xia ◽  
ronghui zhu ◽  
Jing Cao
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Type ◽  
Water And Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Background: A very serious new type of coronavirus infection has recently erupted in China. For new viruses, data and information in all aspects need to be improved.Case Presentations: During the early COVID-19 outbreak, a 38-year-old man experienced COVID-19 infection in Shenzhen (nonendemic area-related personnel) and underwent SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid screening multiple times due to an initial positive COVID-19 screening at the beginning of the disease. The results of these additional tests were negative, and the initial SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid screening result for this patient was suspected as being a false positive.Diagnosis: After nearly 17 days of hospitalization in two hospitals, a variety of tests were performed to diagnosis this new coronavirus infection (due to the positive results of the initial screening).Intervention: Early in the onset of the disease, treatment was given to maintain water and electrolyte balance, and antibiotics and proprietary Chinese medicines were given as the treatment. The symptoms were controlled at an early stage.Outcomes: The patient developed symptoms on the first day and had pneumonia in the lungs, as shown by a chest CT examination on the 7th day of onset. The subsequent prognosis was good. The family members living with this patient did not show similar symptoms.Conclusion: The diagnostic process of COVID-19 needs to be improved, and the development of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic reagents needs to be strengthened under certain conditions. Screening should be performed at an early stage when a COVID-19 infection is suspected and should distinguish between patients with a COVID-19 infection and with a non-COVID-19 infection. Patients are more conducive to controlling the COVID-19 epidemic.

Morphology of Muerto Canyon virus, causative agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 272-273
Author(s):  
C. S. Goldsmith ◽  
C. D. Humphrey ◽  
L. H. Elliott ◽  
S. R. Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Negative Stain ◽  
The Family ◽  
Surface Examination

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a newly described illness which was first recognized in May, 1993, in the southwestern US. The disease is characterized by fever, myalgias, headache, and cough,with rapid development of fatal respiratory distress. The causative agent, Muerto Canyon virus (MCV), was recently isolated at CDC from a deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, the most common vector for this virus. In order to fully understand this newly discovered virus, we have characterized the isolate by thin section and negative stain TEM, by SEM, and by pre- and post-embedded immunolabeling of thin sections.MCV is a hantavirus, a member of the family Bunyaviridae. In thin sections of infected Vero E6 culture cells, the extracellular particles are spherical to oval, with fuzzy surface projections along the envelope (figs. 1,2). The interior of the virus contains strands of nucleocapsid. Particles are similar in morphology to Hantann virus, the causative agent of Korean hemorrhagic fever. The negative staining of purified particles (fig. 3) also revealed typical hantavirus morphology of a spherical particle with grid-like surface. Examination by SEM showed scattered particles along the cell surface and among the filopodia.

ADAPTOGENIC EFFECT OF APISIL AND TOS-BIO PREPARATIONS ON A HONEY BEE UNDER CONDITIONS OF HYPERTHERMIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
E.S. SALTYKOVA ◽  
◽  
N.M. ISHMURATOVA ◽  
L.R. GAIFULLINA ◽  
A.V. POSKRYAKOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
The Family ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Adaptogenic Effect ◽  
Time Changes

The temperature factor has a huge impact on bees and their development. In a complex complex of adaptation, not only a perfect system of collective thermoregulation of the family is important, but also such individual adaptations as resistance to freezing and tolerance to high temperatures. The deviation of the ambient temperature from the optimal one increases the energy consumption of bees for the regulation of the microclimate in the family. This means that it enhances metabolic processes, which affects the state of the body and the life expectancy of insects. In addition, sometimes the use of high temperatures is a necessary condition for their maintenance, for example, in the fight against the parasite of the bee mite varroa. At the same time, the effect of high temperatures can have a negative effect not only on the mite, but also on the bees. In laboratory conditions, the effect of Apisil and TOS-BIO preparations containing 9-oxoand 10-hydroxy-2E-decenoic acids as a base - the most important components of the «queen substance» and royal jelly of the honey bee Apis mellifera L., respectively - on the survival rate and biochemical parameters was studied. adult worker bees exposed to extremely high (50oC) temperatures. The dynamics of the activity of phenoloxidase and catalase as biochemical indicators of the stress response of a honey bee under high temperature load has been studied. It was shown that the insects' resistance to hyperthermia increased with the content of these preparations in the feed. Experimental results indicate that under extreme (50oC) temperature conditions Apisil and TOS-BIO preparations have an adaptogenic effect on worker bees, increasing their resistance to hyperthermia. At the same time, changes in the initial level and dynamics of biochemical parameters indicate that these compositions in the most economical way contribute to the restructuring of metabolism in the mode of optimal functioning, which affects the level of changes in enzyme activity (with less pronounced changes in activity). and also on the survival rate of bees at the end of the experiment.

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