scholarly journals Salivary Flow and ph in pregnant patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Rosalía Capetillo-Hernánde ◽  
Rosa Elena Ochoa-Martínez ◽  
Evelyn Guadalupe Torres-Capetillo ◽  
Leticia Tiburcio-Morteo
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Medical Control ◽  
Dental Hard Tissues ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Transversal Study

Saliva is multifunctional: cleaning of the oral cavity, lubrication, preservation, repair of mucous membranes and dental hard tissues; the pH and its buffering, also participates in the elimination of bacteria, digestion and speech. The salivary composition in gestational period is altered, with variation of salivary pH and buffer capacity. Objective. To determine the levels of pH and salivary flow that prevail in pregnant patients. Methodology. Descriptive, prospective and transversal study. Sampling for convenience: pregnant patients in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters who attended the UMF. 61 to medical control of their pregnancy. Using a calibrated JENWAY 3510 Ph Meter potentiometer. Saliva samples were collected at least one hour after eating. Contribution. The salivary pH in pregnant women is lower in the first quarter than in later ones. According to Spearman's test analysis, a positive correlation is reported (r2 = 0.34), the correlation of ranges between pH and salivary volume is statistically significant even if it is weak. The salivary pH is lower in the first quarter than in the two subsequent ones, the salivary flow does not vary significantly in the first and second quarters, but it increases in the third quarter.

scholarly journals Assessment of Oral Health in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abubekir Eltas ◽  
Ümmühan Tozoğlu ◽  
Mustafa Keleş ◽  
Varol Canakci
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Mucosal Ulceration ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1c

The incidence of chronic renal failure continues to rise worldwide, and although the oral and dental changes in individuals with this condition have been examined, investigations with diabetic peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are limited. We therefore examined salivary pH, dry mouth, taste change, and mucosal ulceration in diabetic and nondiabetic uremic patients receiving PD. A total of 49 patients undergoing PD therapy were allocated to either the diabetic or the nondiabetic group. Salivary pH, dry mouth, taste change, and mucosal ulceration were determined for both groups. Salivary flow rate and pH were both lower in the diabetic group. Buffer capacity, dry mouth, taste change, and mucosal ulceration were all increased in that group. These findings were associated with level of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c. Our observations indicate that, compared with nondiabetic PD patients, patients with diabetes exhibit more severe oral uremic symptoms, including dry mouth, burning mouth syndrome, taste change, and mucosal ulcerations. The oral health in these patients should be followed.

scholarly journals Salivary microbial and nonmicrobial parameters in children with fixed orthodontic appliances

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 901-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Peros ◽  
Senka Mestrovic ◽  
Sandra Anic-Milosevic ◽  
Mladen Slaj
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Salivary Buffer Capacity ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

Abstract Objective: To determine the physiologic changes of salivary flow rate, pH, and buffer capacity and the levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: The study included 23 patients scheduled for fixed orthodontic therapy. All subjects received equal braces, bands, and brackets, bonded with the same material. Stimulated saliva samples were taken before placement of the appliance, and at weeks 6, 12, and 18 during the therapy. Salivary flow rate and salivary pH were measured, and the salivary buffer capacity was determined. Saliva samples were cultivated on selective microbial agar for microorganism detection. Results: A significant (P < .05) increase in stimulated salivary flow rate and salivary pH was found. The salivary levels of S mutans and Lactobacillus spp also inscreased significantly (P < .05), and the major peak was at week 12 of fixed orthodontic therapy. Conclusion: The 6th to 12th week of orthodontic therapy is the period of the most intensive intraoral growth of S mutans and Lactobacillus spp and a time of very intensive salivary functions and physiologic response.

scholarly journals Increased risk of preeclampsia after use of paracetamol during pregnancy – causal or coincidence?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetti von Hellens ◽  
Leea Keski-Nisula ◽  
Heidi Sahlman
Keyword(s):  
Third Trimester ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Reverse Causation ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Precise Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia

Abstract Background The maternal use of paracetamol during pregnancy has been associated with the development of preeclampsia. This study aims to clarify whether the connection is causal or whether it is due to reverse causation. Methods This study is a continuation of the retrospective case cohort study examining 2,508 pregnant women using a variety of drugs and the development of preeclampsia (1,252 women with preeclampsia and 1,256 controls). For the purposes of this study, more precise data was collected from several hospital databases of the women among this cohort who had reported taking paracetamol during pregnancy (indications, gestational period etc.); this was evaluated in association with the development of preeclampsia. Results 5.5% (100 cases and 37 controls) of all the study population (2,508) had clearly reported paracetamol use. Women with preeclampsia had used significantly more often paracetamol during pregnancy compared to controls (cases 8.0%, controls 2.9%, p < 0.001). The difference was most evident in the third trimester (after the 29th GW) and the use of paracetamol was associated with both mild and severe preeclampsia. Headache and “general pain” were the most common indications for medication among all paracetamol users. Conclusions The use of paracetamol in the third trimester of pregnancy was associated with preeclampsia. This observation indicates that association between paracetamol use and preeclampsia is probably due to reverse causation, i.e. women with preeclampsia experience more headaches due to preeclampsia symptoms since this association was not detected with the use of paracetamol in earlier stages of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Nitrate and nitrite poisoning in sheep and goats caused by ingestion of Portulaca oleracea

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1549-1553
Author(s):  
João G. Simões ◽  
Rosane Maria T. Medeiros ◽  
Márcia A. Medeiros ◽  
Robério G. Olinda ◽  
Antônio Flávio M. Dantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACT: Three outbreaks of poisoning by Portulaca oleracea were reported in sheep and goats in Northeast Brazil. In the first outbreak, 8 out of 20 sheep were affected and later died. In the second outbreak, three goats and one sheep died out of a flock of 30 animals that included both species. In the third outbreak, two out of 19 sheep were affected, and they recovered after a treatment of 2% methylene blue at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight. In the first and second outbreaks, the animals ingested P. oleracea after it was cut and offered in feeders. In the third outbreak, the flock was grazing in an area that had been invaded by the plant. To determine the toxicity, P. oleracea was administered experimentally at a dose of 80g/kg of body weight to seven sheep, weighing 19-30 kg. One control sheep received green grass. One to four hours after P. oleracea ingestion, the animals showed clinical signs of poisoning characterized by cyanotic mucous membranes, bloat, ruminal pH of 8-9, pollakiuria, aerophagia, involuntary movements of the upper lip, apathy, tachypnea and tachycardia. Five animals recovered, including one that was treated with 1% methylene blue, and two animals died. During necropsy, the mucous membranes were brownish, and the blood was dark brown. Diphenylamine tests of the plant and of rumen contents were positive for nitrates. Positive results for nitrates were also found in 24 samples of P. oleracea that were collected in different places in the states of Pernambuco and Paraíba. We conclude that P. oleracea accumulates nitrates at toxic levels and may cause poisoning in sheep and goats.

Fatty Acid Composition of the Erythrocyte Membranes Varies between Early-Term, Full-Term, and Late-Term Infants in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Kitamura ◽  
Chieko Kogomori ◽  
Hirokazu  Hamano ◽  
Iwao Maekawa ◽  
Takashi Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Study Results

Background: Term infants can be categorized into 3 sub-groups: early term (37w0d to 38w6d), full term (39w0d to 40w6d), and late term (41w0d and beyond). However, the fatty acid composition among the 3 groups of term infants has not been investigated. The association between fatty acid composition and gestational period of term infants in Japan is unclear. Methods: We assessed the fatty acid composition of maternal erythrocyte membranes in the third trimester and of cord erythrocyte membranes at birth in 212 healthy term Japanese infants using data from a prospective hospital-based cohort study. Results: In maternal erythrocyte membranes, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels and omega-3 index were significantly higher in the late-term group than in the early-term group. In cord erythrocyte membranes, DHA levels were not significantly different between the 3 groups; late-term infants showed significantly higher DHA/arachidonic acid (ARA) and lower 20: 3n-6 and ARA levels compared to early-term infants. Gestational period positively correlated with the DHA status in maternal and cord erythrocyte membranes. Conclusions: Fatty acid composition in maternal and cord erythrocyte membranes varies between early-, full-, and late-term infants, and the greater gestational period may contribute to the relatively high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids status in term infants. Furthermore, maternal DHA status in the third semester directly correlates with gestational period in pregnant Japanese women.

scholarly journals Periodontal status of the second molar adjacent to the third mandibular molar

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Katherine Luzuriaga ◽  
Santiago López Jurado
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
The Third ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Transversal Study

Third molars have an unusual eruption pattern. Studies suggest that, due to the position and angulation of these, various pathologies could occur in the adjacent molars, such as periodontal problems and the appearance of distal caries. The objective of this work is to describe the periodontal status of mandibular second molars adjacent to mandibular third molars. For this, a descriptive transversal study was carried out. We worked with a sample of 277 patients that went to the Dental UCSG Clinic to have their third molars extracted in the period A-2018. An intraoral clinical examination was performed, and the following variables were observed: probing depth, gingival state, and presence of caries in mandibular second molars. In addition, panoramic x-rays of the patients were reviewed to determine the position of the third mandibular molar and the level of the distal bone crest of the second molars. The results showed that the depth of distal probing of the mandibular second molars were normal (from 1 to 3mm) in 31% of the cases, while in 69% depths greater than 3mm were found. Regarding the presence of bone loss, in 43% of the cases there was no loss, in 35% of the cases there was a slight loss, 22% presented moderate loss and only 1% had severe loss. The presence of mandibular third molars significantly affects the periodontal status of the adjacent second molar, which can lead to periodontal pockets, bone los sand caries in their distal area.

scholarly journals Correlation between pH, buffering capacity, calcium and dental caries in schoolchildren

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Efka Zabokova Bilbilova ◽  
Ana Sotirovska Ivkovska ◽  
Olivera Sarakinova ◽  
Olga Kokoceva Ivanovska ◽  
Natasha Stavreva
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Free Group ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Saliva Sample ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Ph Buffering ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Ph Buffering Capacity

The aim of this study was to determine salivary pH, buffering capacity and calcium levels in caries-free and caries-active children. We examined 80 children of both genders, 15 years of age. Subjects were divided into four groups as follows: caries-free females, caries-active females, caries-free males, caries-active males; each group consisted of 20 subjects. The unstimulated saliva sample was collected by the spitting method and then pH, buffering capacity and calcium in saliva was measured. The results showed that mean level of buffering capacity of saliva was decreased significantly in the caries-active group as compared to caries-free group. The obtained data showed that the mean levels of pH and calcium were decreased in the caries-active group as compared to the caries-free group, but the difference was not statistically significant. The saliva with its constituents plays an important role in maintaining oral and especially dental health. Salivary pH values were found to be higher in the caries-free group. In our study, there was no significant correlation of pH values and caries activity with gender. Buffer capacity values were significantly lower in the caries-active group than in the caries-free group. There were significant differences when the groups were compared in the caries-active group where buffer capacity values were higher in boys than in girls. Calcium content of saliva was higher in the caries-free group. The results obtained in this study related to the values of the pH, buffering capacity and calcium in saliva, may serve as parameters for determining the caries risk patients, and accordingly to plan and carry appropriate caries preventive measures. Keywords: saliva, dental caries, pH, buffer capacity, calcium

Salivary flow rates and buffer capacity and its relationship with oral health status: a cross-sectional study on crack-cocaine-addicted males

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (33) ◽  
pp. 41876-41884
Author(s):  
Nara Santos Araujo ◽  
Maria das Graças Alonso Oliveira ◽  
Antenor Vieira Borges Neto ◽  
Ynara Bosco de Oliveira Lima Arsati ◽  
Jean Nunes dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Rates

Salivary Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus sp levels in cardiac children

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Torres ◽  
M. Ramos ◽  
T. Coelho ◽  
S. Harari
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children

This study assesses salivary conditions of 20 children with cardiac disease comparing with a control group of 15 healthy children. The results showed that there was no difference between the groups on salivary flow, buffer capacity and the level of Streptococcus mutans (Sm). The test group i.e., children with cardiac disease, showed a lower level of Lactobacillus sp. The association between the usage of antibiotics and the risk of developing caries, measuring the level of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus sp., showed that children taking antibiotics frequently had a significant lower level of Lactobacillus sp (p&lt;0.05) than healthy children. This association was not found on relation to the levels of Streptococcus mutans.

Dental Caries and Salivary Alterations in Type I Diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavita Rai ◽  
Amitha Hegde ◽  
Ananth Kamath ◽  
Suchetha Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Salivary Flow Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is a severe disease that raises blood glucose levels because of hyperglycemia and insulinopenia. Fluctuations in water and electrolyte levels may result in xerostomia and other changes in the salivary composition. Since diabetes has an influence on oral health, it is important for the dentist to be aware of newer advances in the field of diabetes and to recognize specific oral problems related to diabetes. Thus, the dentist becomes an important part of the health care team for the patients with diabetes. Aim: The present study correlated salivary flow rate, salivary pH and total salivary antioxidant levels and dental caries in type I diabetic patients. Method: A total of 200 children that included 100 known diabetic children (study group) and 100 healthy children (controls) of both the sexes and from similar socioeconomic backgrounds formed the part of this study. Dental caries was assessed using DMFT index. The salivary total anti-oxidant level was estimated using phospho molybdic acid using spectrophotometric method. The salivary flow rate was recorded using the Zunt method and the salivary pH using the pH indicating paper. The results were statistically analyzed using t-test. Conclusions: The analyzed parameters showed increase in salivary anti-oxidant levels, reduced salivary flow rate, increase incidence of dental caries, salivary pH was decreased when compared to the control group.

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