scholarly journals CO₂ emissions of an asphalt pavement in kg of CO₂ per m2

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-26
Author(s):  
Oscar Lopez-Chavez ◽  
Santa Magdalena Mercado-Ibarra ◽  
Humberto Aceves-Gutiérrez ◽  
José Manuel Campoy-Salguero
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Construction Process

Climate change is one of the world's major problems and concerns the entire human population as its effects are global in scope. Climate change is driven by the greenhouse effect, which is generated by greenhouse gases (GHG). The construction industry is important in the development of a country, both economically and culturally, since it is through it that the infrastructure needs required for a nation's economic and social activities are met. Urban environments are composed of various structures that favor economic, social and any other activities of interest within the existing population; such urban environment is mainly connected by a system that is constituted by asphalt pavements of flexible or rigid type. This project analyzes the environmental impacts generated during the construction process of an asphalt pavement corresponding to the Real de Sevilla III subdivision, located in Obregon City, Sonora, Mexico, applying the Simapro 9.0 Software, obtaining a result of 12.618 Kg CO2 eq/m2 and 1,140, 863.493 Kg-CO2/fractionation generated by its main materials and activities and equipment consumptions.

scholarly journals GHG emissions in KG-CO2 / M2 generated by a House Type INFONAVIT

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-23
Author(s):  
Humberto Aceves-Gutierrez ◽  
Oscar López-Chávez ◽  
Santa Magdalena Mercado-Ibarra ◽  
Cesar Alejandro Contreras-Quintanar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Iso 14040 ◽  
Fundamental Factor ◽  
The Earth

Climate change is one of the main current problems, it concerns the entire human population since its effects are worldwide, especially now we have seen its consequences, according to Menghi (2007), the average global temperatures grew by more than 0.5 ° C in the last century, and the glaciers are disappearing from the earth. The greenhouse effect generated mainly by the gases of the same name (GHG), is the fundamental factor of climate change. Construction is one of the ways in which the human being contaminates in a constant way this due to urban growth and the demand for infrastructure that this generates. This research has the purpose of determining the KG-CO2 / M2 generated by a 44 m2 house of interest type INFONAVIT using the Life Cycle methodology (ACV) of the products or materials, established in ISO 14040, employee an inventory of KG-CO2 emissions from building materials, obtained from various bibliographic sources and databases and using the work volumes required to build the house. The results obtained of 161.57 Kg-CO2 / M2.

Impaction of Climate Change on Asphalt Pavements

2013 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 617-622
Author(s):  
Er Hu Yan ◽  
Fu Pu Li ◽  
Rong Ma ◽  
Fei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heat Wave ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Extreme Heat ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Asphalt Cement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Change Climate

Climate change is one of the most key global topics well-known in international community. Over the past decades years, the change climate and its impact on asphalt pavement in China is very obvious. Many expressways of asphalt pavement come forth severe rutting failure during only a few days of extensive, long-lasting, extreme heat wave in summer, which resulting in the change of asphalt cement specification and the selection practice of asphalt cement. So it is necessary to review climate change and its impact in the past, and forecast the probable situation in the future. The paper focuses specifically on the issue of asphalt binder selection under changing climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Mapping Climate Changes in Iraq By Using Geographical Information System (GIS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.20) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Sahib Jawad ◽  
Fatima Asaad Tayeb ◽  
Asaad Tayeb Kareem Jebur
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Information System ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Geographical Information System ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Spatial Interpolation Method ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The Trapped sun’s thermal radiation in the earth’s atmosphere is known as the greenhouse effect.  This process is considered very important since it keeps the earth warm and hence possible to live in. Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) are considered very important contributors to the greenhouse effect. During the last two decades, the level of greenhouse gases has increased, which plays a major role in global warming and climate change. The Middle East is considered among the most affected areas by climate change. In the current study, Geographical Information System (GIS) has been used to create some temperature maps that could show the air temperature distribution and difference between two different periods of time (past and recent) in different stations that cover the Iraqi governorates. A spatial interpolation method has been used. This method considers known values of temperature at a given location (stations in the current study) to estimate a continuous surface map during a specific period of time. The results of this study showed no significant increase in the average air temperature values, however the area of high air temperature values is growing during the cold and hot months of the year.  

scholarly journals Dynamics of Transit Oriented Development, Role of Greenhouse Gases and Urban Environment: A Study for Management and Policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liaqat Ali ◽  
Ahsan Nawaz ◽  
Shahid Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Aamir Basheer ◽  
Javaria Hameed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
On The Road

The emission and mitigation of greenhouse gases transforms the status of urban environments. However, a policy accounting for all the aspects associated with transport is lacking. Problems related to transport include a greater reliance on cars, increased congestion, and environmental impacts. The absence of an efficient public transport system is a notable cause of the prompt escalation of diverse problems, for example, increases in the number of personal automobiles causes congestion on the road, resulting in air pollution, ubiquitous greenhouse effects and noise pollution, which ultimately affect human health. Transit oriented development (TOD) has been suggested as a solution to these problems. This paper reviews the impacts of transit development on urban development, greenhouse impact, the environment, economy, property value, travel behavior, and health etc., highlighting the policy issues which hinder TOD. Implementation of TOD has a strong impact on shaping the urban form, redevelopment, and the upgradation of old areas. Controlling transit phenomena will also help to control the emission and mitigation of greenhouse gases. This study will help in improving the urban environment and climatic condition of regions.

Analysis on the Reliability of Asphalt Pavement

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 4147-4151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Guo Yang ◽  
Li Yan Dong ◽  
Jin Cheng Ning
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Actual Material ◽  
Pavement Damage

The asphalt pavements which are designed for 15-years usage are often highly damaged in the early period. In order to eliminate this phenomenon, researches have been carried out in many aspects, but the situation of asphalt pavement damage cannot be essentially changed. In the view of reliability, the frequent early stage damage phenomenon of asphalt pavements means that nowadays process of asphalt pavements must have not sufficient reliability, and just it leads the asphalt pavements can not reach the design purpose. Based on the basic engineering reliability theory, the reliability of the asphalt pavement design, from the determination of effect actions to selection of material parameters and the calculative model about pavement, has been analyzed; meanwhile the reliability of construction process has been analyzed too. The analysis on the reliability of asphalt pavement shows that the determination of design parameters makes the actual material is weaker than design; the construction process of the asphalt pavement makes the asphalt mixture greatly different anticipations and makes the layer condition deviated the ideal bonding condition. It is just these various uncertainties in design and construction that causes the asphalt pavement damage in early stage. So in order to change the situation of early damage in asphalt pavement, the effective measures are to focus on the reliability of design and constructions.

scholarly journals The Success of the Construction Industry’s Adoption of the Carbon Assessment Strategy PAS2050

2021 ◽  
Vol 877 (1) ◽  
pp. 012019
Author(s):  
Holly Smith ◽  
Amoako-Attah Joseph ◽  
Raad K. Hashim ◽  
Khalid S. Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Assessment Strategy ◽  
Consistent Method ◽  
Research Show

Abstract PAS2050 was introduced in order to help combat the extremely high levels of emissions that the construction industry emits, as well as the large volume of natural resources they use, through the life cycle of a project. It was developed to create a consistent method of assessing the life cycle of Greenhouse gases as well as a method to increase understanding of where they arise from within a supply chain. This is essential in today’s world as without change, the climate will continue to rise in temperature and contribute negatively to the already dramatic effects of climate change that have already been seen. By implementing PAS2050 the industry aims to allow stakeholders to realise the impacts and encourage movement towards a more sustainable future. This research aims to determine how well the construction industry has adopted the carbon assessment strategy covered by PAS2050 through informed opinions, data and case studies. Using journals and research, alongside a questionnaire which will be distributed to individuals within the industry, an informed decision will be made to determine how well the construction industry has adopted PAS2050. The results found that the industry is having difficulty in adapting to the change at all levels and scopes. The findings of this research show that the industry has only touched the surface and although the larger organisations are leading the charge, enough is not being done by smaller organisations and the supply chain.

scholarly journals Análisis y comparación de las metodologías de calculo de gases de efecto invernadero en el contexto urbano.

2020 ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Carlos Alfredo Rivas Cobo ◽  
Emilio José Jarre Castro ◽  
Christian Antequera Zamudio
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
National Governments

Analysis and comparison of greenhouse gas calculation methodologies in the urban context Últimamente los esfuerzos para disminuir el efecto invernadero antrópico se están redoblando por parte de las administraciones, el calentamiento global es un hecho demostrado por la comunidad científica. Los gobiernos nacionales se han comprometido a disminuir sus emisiones. A esta lucha por parte de los gobiernos nacionales se han unido los gobiernos municipales, ya que las ciudades serán una de las principales damnificadas por el cambio climático y uno de los máximos focos de emisión. Se analizan las principales metodologías de cálculo y sus diferencias para calcular los gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) producidos en el contexto urbano Palabras clave: Cambio Climático; Calculo Urbano; Efecto invernadero. Abstract Lately, efforts to reduce the anthropogenic greenhouse effect are being redoubled by administrations, global warming is a fact demonstrated by the scientific community. National governments have committed to reduce their emissions. The municipal governments have joined this fight that national governments are part of, since the cities will be one of the main victims of climate change and one of the main sources of emissions. The main calculation methodologies and their differences to calculate the greenhouse gases (GHG) produced in the urban context are analyzed. Keywords: Climate Change; Greenhouse effect; Urban Calculus.

Global Warming and Its Multiple Causes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romdhane Ben Slama
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Heat Released ◽  
Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

The global warming which preoccupies humanity, is still considered to be linked to a single cause which is the emission of greenhouse gases, CO2 in particular. In this article, we try to show that, on the one hand, the greenhouse effect (the radiative imprisonment to use the scientific term) took place in conjunction with the infrared radiation emitted by the earth. The surplus of CO2 due to the combustion of fossil fuels, but also the surplus of infrared emissions from artificialized soils contribute together or each separately,  to the imbalance of the natural greenhouse effect and the trend of global warming. In addition, another actor acting directly and instantaneously on the warming of the ambient air is the heat released by fossil fuels estimated at 17415.1010 kWh / year inducing a rise in temperature of 0.122 ° C, or 12.2 ° C / century.

METHODS OF RENOVATION OF LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH LANDSCAPE RECULTIVATION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ROSTOV REGION)

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
Oksana Sadkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Planning Methods

One of major factors of deterioration in a microclimate of urban development in the conditions of the Rostov region, is degradation of landscapes owing to violation of water balance of the territory. In article the main reasons for violation of water balance which included natural features of the region, a consequence of anthropogenic influence, climatic changes, etc. are considered. Examples from the world practice of urban planning, which show the relevance and effectiveness of compensation for the effects of anthropogenic im-pacts and climate change using planning methods, are given. The experience of the United States, the Nether-lands, Canada and other countries that use water-saving technologies in planning is considered. The rela-tionship of urban planning and the formation of sustainable urban landscapes is shown. The integration of water-saving technologies into the urban environment can be a means of optimizing landscapes and a means of creating unique urban spaces. Reclamation of the urban landscape of low-rise buildings is a necessary step in creating a modern and comfortable urban environment in the conditions of the Rostov region. Meth-ods are proposed to compensate for negative changes in urban landscapes that can be applied at the stage of urban planning. As well as the proposed methods can be applied in the reconstruction of urban low-rise buildings. The considered methods concern not only urban landscapes, but also agricultural landscapes that surround small and medium-sized cities of the Rostov region. In article the author's concept of the organiza-tion of the low housing estate on a basis Urban- facies is submitted. Planning methods of regulation of water balance of the territory on the basis of models the ecological protective of landscapes are offered: an ecolog-ical core, an ecological corridor and an ecological barrier and also analogs from town-planning practice are considered. The reclamation of urban landscapes based on urban planning methods for regulating the water balance of the territory will allow creating unique urban spaces that are resistant to local climatic conditions and the possible consequences of climate change.

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