scholarly journals Development of free fluorine and formaldehyde oil and water repellent finishes for cotton fabrics through polymerization of bio-based stearic acid with carboxylic acids

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (02) ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
SHARIF RABIA ◽  
MOHSIN MUHAMMAD ◽  
RAMZAN NAVEED ◽  
AHMAD SYED WAQAS ◽  
HAJI GHULAM QUTAB
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Sodium Hypophosphite ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Soil Resistance ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Polymerization Conditions

This research is an attempt to develop nontoxic and sustainable oil and water repellent which is fluorine and formaldehyde free. For this purpose, stearic acid was polymerized with formaldehyde free cross-linkers, such as maleic acid and acrylic acid. Sodium hypophosphite was used as a catalyst and triethanolamine as an enhancer during the polymerization. Polymerization conditions were optimized such as temperature, time and atmosphere. The prepared recipes were then applied onto the cotton fabrics. The obtained results reveal that the finished cotton fabrics achieves good oil and water repellency, crease resistance, soil resistance, and antimicrobial properties. In addition, the surface of finished cotton fabrics was characterized via SEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD, and TGA.

Synthesis and Performance Analysis of New-Style Fluorine-Containing Oil-Repellent and Water-Repellent Finishing Agent with Short Chain

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 1457-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Qiang Zhou ◽  
Jian He Cai ◽  
Shao Wei Dong ◽  
Guo Qiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Repellency ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Application Performance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acrylic Ester ◽  
Finishing Agent ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Oil Repellent

A new-style fluorine-containing polymer with short chain was synthesized. The fabrics were finished with polymer emulsions with different contents of fluorine. The performances of the polymers were compared with two kinds of similar products, which contained water repellency, oil repellency, contact angle, brightness, and etc. The type of monomer was determined with infrared spectrum. The variety of micro-morphologic structure of cotton fabrics before and after the finishing was studied with SEM, XRD, and etc. It showed that the polymer was copolymerized by three kinds of acrylic ester monomers, and the application performance was in general accord with the same kind of advanced products of the world.

Superhydrophobic and transparent surfaces on cotton fabrics coated with silica nanoparticles for hierarchical roughness

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 552-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seon Ah Jeong ◽  
Tae Jin Kang
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Contact Angle Hysteresis ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Textile Fabrics ◽  
Hierarchical Roughness ◽  
Silica Nanomaterials ◽  
Alcohol Solvent

Superhydrophobic and transparent surfaces on cotton fabrics have been developed using silica nanomaterials. Initially, trichlorododecylsilane was treated on the silica nanoparticles to lower the surface energy of the fabric. By simply spraying alcohol suspensions containing hydrophobized silica nanoparticles, extremely water repellent coatings were formed on the textile fabrics. The effect of three types of alcohol solvent on the hydrophobicity of the coated cotton fabrics was examined by measuring the surface wettability. The treated cotton textiles in methanol exhibited contact angles higher than 160°, contact angle hysteresis lower than 10°, and good water repellency. It proved to be essential to form hierarchical morphology in achieving superhydrophobicity.

Synthesis and Application of a Novel Modified Polysiloxane Polymer with High Reaction Activity as Water Repellent Agent for Cotton Fabrics

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 155892501501000
Author(s):  
Chaohong Dong ◽  
Zhou Lu ◽  
Ping Zhu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Fengjun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Catalytic Amount ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Untreated Cotton ◽  
High Reaction ◽  
Before And After

A novel poly(4-iodobutoxylmethylsiloxane) (PIBMS) water repellent with high reaction activity was synthesized using poly(hydromethylsiloxane) (PHMS), methyl iodide (MeI) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) in the presence of a catalytic amount of PdCl2. The new chemical active group of PIBMS could covalently bond to the cotton fabric. It is conducive to improve the washability of treated cotton fabric. The structure of PIBMS was confirmed by the FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra. The PIBMS was applied onto cotton fabric by a pad-dry-cure process. PIBMS was applied to cotton fabrics and the effect of the process parameters on water repellent performance was studied. The morphology of PIBMS polymer film on the cotton fabric was investigated by SEM. The water repellency of treated cotton fabrics before and after vigorous washes was compared. The results show that the water repellent grade of cotton fabric treated with PIBMS was 90. The contact angle of the treated cotton fabric was 136.94°, which was higher than that of the untreated cotton fabric. The water repellent grade of treated cotton fabric was still as high as 80 after 20 times washing. The tear strength and the tensile strength of cotton fabric significantly increased after PIBMS treatment. The air permeability and the water vapor permeability of treated cotton fabric were slightly lower than those of untreated cotton fabrics.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a Novel Linear α, ω-Di (Chloro Phosphoramide) Polydimethylsiloxane and Its Applications in Improving Flame-Retardant and Water-Repellent Properties of Cotton Fabrics

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaohong Dong ◽  
Ling Sun ◽  
Xingbo Ma ◽  
Zhou Lu ◽  
Pengshuang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Washing Durability ◽  
Char Length

A novel linear α, ω-di (chloro phosphoramide)-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (CPN-PDMS) was successfully synthesized and utilized as a formaldehyde-free water-repellent and flame-retardant for cotton fabrics. The flame retardancy of treated cotton fabrics was estimated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, vertical flammability test, and cone calorimetry test. The cotton fabrics treated with 350 g/L CPN-PDMS obtained excellent flame retardancy with an LOI value of 30.6% and the char length was only 4.3 cm. Combustion residues were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analysis. Results show that CPN-PDMS can effectively enhance water repellency and fire resistance of cotton fabrics. Furthermore, the breaking strength test and the whiteness test strongly prove that the tensile strength and whiteness of the treated cotton fabrics were slightly lower than that of the pure cotton fabrics. The wash stability test showed that after 30 laundering cycles, the treated cotton fabrics still had an LOI value of 28.5% and a water-repellent effect of grade 80, indicating that CPN-PDMS was an excellent washing durability additive. In summary, these property enhancements of treated cotton fabrics were attributed to the synergistic effect of silicon-phosphorus-nitrogen elements in CPN-PDMS.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Enhancement of Mechanical, Water-Repellent and Antimicrobial Properties of Regenerated Seaweed and Plant-Based Paper with Chitosan Coating

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1384
Author(s):  
Rabi Ibrahim Saleh ◽  
Mirae Kim ◽  
Chaenyung Cha
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Comprehensive Strategy ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Chitosan Coating ◽  
Coated Papers ◽  
High Binding Affinity ◽  
Soluble Components

Regenerated papers made from discarded natural sources, such as seaweeds or non-wood plants, are viewed as promising eco-friendly alternatives relative to conventional wood-based paper. However, due to its limited mechanical strength and higher water absorption than compared to traditional wood paper, it often results in premature structural disintegration. In order to overcome this limitation, this research introduces an efficient and comprehensive strategy of coating seaweed and plant papers with varying concentrations and molecular weights of chitosan. Increased concentration and molecular weight resulted in a greater amount of chitosan deposition, while the highest molecular weight also shows increased dissolution of soluble components of the paper. Since plants and seaweeds contain high anionic polysaccharide contents, the cationic chitosan shows high binding affinity towards paper. The resulting chitosan-coated papers demonstrate significant enhancements in water repellency and mechanical properties. In addition, the chitosan-coated papers also show significant bacterial inhibition effects due to the natural anti-microbial activity of chitosan.

Development and performance optimization of polyurethane-based multifunctional coatings using Taguchi method

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjed Javid ◽  
Khurram Iftikhar ◽  
Munir Ashraf ◽  
Abdur Rehman ◽  
Kashif Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Taguchi Design ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Efficient Performance ◽  
Coated Fabric ◽  
Finishing Agent ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Coated Fabrics

Inducing multifunctionality is the need of the products used in diverse environments. Here, polyurethane-based water repellent, flame retardant and antibacterial coatings are fabricated on cotton fabrics which sequentially involve the deposition of coating through knife coating, drying and curing of coated fabric. Taguchi design has been used to optimize the parameters for enhanced water repellency, flame retardancy and antibacterial activity. When applied individually, the performance characteristics enhance with the increase in concentration of respective finishing agent. However, a different behaviour was shown by the coated fabric when applied all the finishing agents simultaneously. Taguchi design enabled the monitoring of interdependency of different concentrations of chemicals and finding the most influencing parameters for efficient performance of coated fabrics.

scholarly journals Fabrication of C6-Fluorocarbon-Dendrimer Based Superhydrophobic Cotton Fabrics for Multifunctional Aspects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Ibrahim H. Mondal ◽  
Joykrisna Saha
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Flame Retardant Property ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
Fabric Surface

Abstract C6-Fluorocarbon (FC)-dendrimer has been applied on cotton knit fabric for developing water repellent, self-cleaning, oil-water separation, acid-resistant, antibacterial, UV resistant and flame retardant property while maintaining acceptable levels of comfort for wearers. The C6-Fluorocarbon (FC)-dendrimer coated 100% cotton single jersey knitted fabric samples were prepared using “pad-dry-cure” method, and characterized and tested for comfort and other textile properties. The 90 g/L and 100 g/L FC-dendrimer treated cotton fabrics provided excellent water repellency, oil-water separation and self-cleaning performance. But air permeability and thermal conductivity were 13%, 15%, and 40%, 54% lower, respectively, than those of untreated fabrics. The presence of FC-dendrimer in the treated fabric was confirmed by FTIR, SEM, EDS and XRD analyses. SEM analysis was employed to study the morphology of deposited FC-dendrimer particles on the fabric surface. Thermal behaviors were evaluated by TGA and DTA. The FC-dendrimer-treated fabric also showed promise as a UV ray absorber, antimicrobial activity, acid resistance and flame retardant property. Overall, the result suggests that FC-dendrimer can be a valuable ingredient in the manufacture of multifunctional products.

Non-adhesive lotus and other hydrophobic materials

2008 ◽  
Vol 366 (1870) ◽  
pp. 1539-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Quéré ◽  
Mathilde Reyssat
Keyword(s):  
Solid Surface ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Hydrophobic Materials ◽  
Volatile Liquid ◽  
Air Cushion ◽  
The Stability

Superhydrophobic materials recently attracted a lot of attention, owing to the potential practical applications of such surfaces—they literally repel water, which hardly sticks to them, bounces off after an impact and slips on them. In this short review, we describe how water repellency arises from the presence of hydrophobic microstructures at the solid surface. A drop deposited on such a substrate can float above the textures, mimicking at room temperature what happens on very hot plates; then, a vapour layer comes between the solid and the volatile liquid, as described long ago by Leidenfrost. We present several examples of superhydrophobic materials (either natural or synthetic), and stress more particularly the stability of the air cushion—the liquid could also penetrate the textures, inducing a very different wetting state, much more sticky, due to the possibility of pinning on the numerous defects. This description allows us to discuss (in quite a preliminary way) the optimal design to be given to a solid surface to make it robustly water repellent.

scholarly journals Development of Advanced Textile Finishes Using Nano-Emulsions from Herbal Extracts for Organic Cotton Fabrics

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 939
Author(s):  
Prabhuraj D. Venkatraman ◽  
Usha Sayed ◽  
Sneha Parte ◽  
Swati Korgaonkar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Batch Processes ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Organic Cotton ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Nano Emulsion ◽  
Sufficient Strength

The development of textile finishing with improved functional properties has been a growing interest among industry and scientists worldwide. The recent global pandemic also enhanced the awareness amongst many toward improved hygiene and the use of antimicrobial textiles. Generally, natural herbal components are known to possess antimicrobial properties which are green and eco-friendly. This research reports a novel and innovative method of developing and optimising nano-emulsions using two combinations of herbal extracts produced from Moringa oleifera, curry leaf, coconut oil (nano-emulsion 1) and other using Aegle marmelos with curry leaf and coconut oil (nano-emulsion 2). Nano-emulsions were optimised for their pH, thermal stability, and particle size, and percentage add-on. Organic cotton fabrics (20 and 60 gsm) were finished with nano-emulsions using continuous and batch processes and characterised for their surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The finished fabrics were evaluated for their Whiteness Index, assessed for antimicrobial resistance against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) using AATCC 100 and 147 methods. In addition, fabrics were assessed for their antifungal efficacy (AATCC 30), tensile strength and air permeability. Results suggested that finished organic fabrics with nano-emulsions had antimicrobial resistance, antifungal, wash fastness after 20 washing cycles, and sufficient strength. This novel finishing method suggests that organic cotton fabrics treated with nano-emulsions can be used as a durable antimicrobial textile for healthcare and hygiene textiles.

Performance Study of Nano-TiO2 Modified Fabric

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 733-736
Author(s):  
Xiao Mian Chen ◽  
Jing Jing Shi ◽  
Hong Sha Su ◽  
Chun Ting Lin ◽  
En Long Yang
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Performance Study

The catalytic properties of nano-TiO2 modified fabric suits the demand for self-cleaning in recent years. In this paper, advanced and innovative technology were used to synthesize water sol of titanium dioxide photocatalyst with high catalytic activity for fabric finishing. The wear behavior, antibacterial property and water repellency of treated and untreated fabric were tested. Results indicate that finishing and washing of the titanium dioxide had no effect on wear behavior; finished and washed fabric has a certain antibacterial and water repellent properties.

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