The Classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions — 2018. Advantages and disadvantages

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
A.I. Grudyanov ◽  
E.V. Fomenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Russian Version ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article provides an overview of the historically existing and modern classifications of periodontal diseases. The stages of creation of the International Classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions — 2018 (CPPIDC — 2018) are outlined. The complete Russian version of this classification is presented in the translation of the authors. The advantages and disadvantages of this systematization in comparison with the previous ones and with the classification currently adopted in the Russian Federation are noted.s

scholarly journals Modern Methods and Devices for Obtaining Technological Smoke: Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigoriy Shokin ◽  
Yulia Shokina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Infrared Heating ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Successful Solution ◽  
High Urgency ◽  
Smoke Generation ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Fish Industry

The present article is based on the review of the current patent, scientific and technical sources. It summarizes the main types of smoke generators currently used in the meat and fish industry of the Russian Federation. The classification of smoke-generators on the basic attributes characterizing their technological and ecological efficiency is offered. Advantages and disadvantages of modern apparatuses for obtaining smoke are considered. The problem of contamination of food products with polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during smoke smoking is reviewed. The main reason for the formation of this negative technological effect (pyrolysis of wood fuel in uncontrolled temperature conditions in the overwhelming majority of smoke generators and thermal chambers of different design) is pointed. The article substantiates the high urgency of improving the methods of obtaining carcinogenic free smoke compounds and devices on the basis of the analysis of constructions of domestic and foreign smoke generators and thermal chambers with the option of smoke generation, operated at food enterprises of the Russian Federation. Description of the method of smoke production with the use of infrared heating is given for the infrared smoke generator of Murmansk State Technical University as an example of successful solution of the problem mentioned in the article.

Objectives of the penal system and problems of differentiation of convicted persons to deprivation of liberty

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Сергей Михайлович Савушкин
Keyword(s):  
Program Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Nelson Mandela ◽  
Target Program ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Development Concept

Важность определения конкретных, измеримых и объективно необходимых целей деятельности исправительных учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы объясняется проблемами, с которыми сталкиваются сотрудники при выполнении функций, отдельные из которых не способствуют достижению целей уголовно-исполнительного законодательства РФ. В статье рассматриваются и подвергаются конструктивной критике цели уголовно-исполнительного законодательства, задачи уголовно-исполнительной системы (которые в 2004 г. были исключены из закона), основные задачи ФСИН России, основные цели Концепции развития уголовно-исполнительной системы РФ до 2020 г., цель Концепции федеральной целевой программы «Развитие уголовно-исполнительной системы (2017-2025 годы)». Приводятся цели классификации осужденных, которые предусмотрены Правилами Нельсона Манделы, как положительный опыт закрепления целей отдельного правового института. Высказывается позиция относительно необходимости закрепления целей отдельных институтов, промежуточных целей и важности определения точных критериев оценки достижимости отмеченных целей. Данная работа проводится для выявления имеющихся проблем, связанных с отсутствием конкретных показателей деятельности исправительных учреждений, выполнение которых должно способствовать достижению целей уголовно-исполнительного законодательства РФ. The importance of determining the specific, measurable and objectively necessary goals of the activities of correctional institutions of the penal system is explained by the problems faced by employees in performing functions, some of which do not contribute to the achievement of the goals of the penal legislation of the Russian Federation. The article discusses and criticizes constructively the goals of the penal legislation, the tasks of the penal system (which were excluded from the Law in 2004), the main tasks of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, the main goals of the Development Concept of the Russian penal system until 2020, the goal of the Federal Concept target program "Development of the penal system (2017-2025)". The goals of the classification of convicts, which are provided for by the rules of Nelson Mandela, as a positive experience in fixing goals, a separate legal institution. A position is expressed regarding the need to consolidate the goals of individual institutions, intermediate goals and the importance of determining, exact criteria, assessing the attainability of the stated goals. This work is carried out in order to establish the existing problems associated with the lack of specific indicators of the activity of correctional institutions, the implementation of which should help achieve the goals of the criminal-executive legislation of the Russian Federation.

Legal and clinical aspects of emergency burns

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-211
Author(s):  
V. A. Sokolov ◽  
I. F. Shpakov ◽  
Ya. L. Butrin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Medical Evacuation ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Key Questions

The key questions concerning particular sections of the topic Burns in Emergencies are presented. Particular attention is paid to the presentation of terminology. For this, the wording of the Federal Laws, Government Resolutions and Orders of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation were used. In accordance with the latter, the classification of emergency situations is given, as well as the criteria by which their damage is assessed. It has been established that the involvement of the forces and means of the Ministry of Defense in the elimination of the consequences of emergency situations is spelled out in the Federal Law. In addition, an argument is made on what basis the citizens of the Russian Federation are obliged to constantly improve their knowledge and practical skills in studying numerous issues of protecting the population, providing assistance to victims, in carrying out emergency rescue operations, etc. situations that led to massive burns. Key features of burns as injuries sustained in emergency situations are formulated. Also, aggravating circumstances are listed that negatively affect the general condition of the victims. The role and place of clinical guidelines as a fundamental development governing the sequence of the organization and content of medical care for those burned at the stages of medical evacuation are indicated. Attention is drawn to the legal significance of the problem.

scholarly journals Constitutional-Legal and Administrative-Legal Bases of the Status of Migrants

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-267
Author(s):  
S. Popova ◽  
Yu. Chernov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Status ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
The Russian Federation

The study of the constitutional and legal basis of the status of migrants will allow to determine and summarize the rights and obligations of these persons, which significantly affect the formation of legal social order. This article discusses the constitutional, legal and administrative basis of the status of migrants, regulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Considering the issue of the current state of the migration legislation of the Russian Federation, the theoretical aspect of migration as the mobilization of people to change their permanent residence is highlighted. The causes of this phenomenon and the classification of categories of migrants are determined. The definitions of external and internal migrants are differentiated, on the basis of which the constitutional norms of foreign persons who entered the territory of the Russian Federation are further studied. According to Federal laws, the basic rights and obligations of immigrants who entered the Russian Federation for different definitions of reasons and circumstances are distinguished. The article considers the administrative and legal basis of the status of migrants in the context of violation of the rule of law according to the norms of the Code of administrative violations. The Institute of citizenship is singled out as a status that directly affects the scope of individual rights and freedoms, which allows it to be singled out as a special status of a migrant. In conclusion, the above topic is summarized.

scholarly journals Methods of big data definition: Russian and foreign experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Kseniia Antipova
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Original Definition ◽  
Data Definition ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article explores the main approaches of Russian and foreign authors towards big data definition; reflects the classification of data, components of big data; and provides comparative characteristics to legal regulation of big data. The subject of this research is the legislation of the Russian Federation and legislation of the European Union that regulate the activity on collection, processing and use of big data, personal data and information; judicial and arbitration practice of the Russian Federation in the sphere of personal data; normative legal acts of the Russian Federation; governmental regulation of the Russian Federation and foreign countries in the area of processing, use and transmission of data; as well as legal doctrine in the field of research dedicated to the nature of big data. The relevance of this research is substantiated by the fact that there is yet no conceptual uniformity with regards to big data in the world; the essence and methods of regulating big data are not fully explored. The goal of this research is determine the legal qualification of the data that comprise big data. The task lies in giving definition to the term “big data”; demonstrate the approaches towards determination of legal nature of big data; conduct  classification of big data; outline the criteria for distinguishing data that comprise the concept of big data; formulate the model for optimal regulation of relations in the process of activity on collection, processing, and use of the data. The original definition of big data in the narrow and broad sense is provided. As a result, the author distinguishes the types of data, reflects the legal qualification of data depending on the category of data contained therein: industrial data, user data, and personal data. Attention is also turned to the contractual form of big data circulation.

scholarly journals Updated Strategy of the state national policy of the Russian Federation: advantages and disadvantages

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Тамара Заметина ◽  
Tamara Zametina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the analysis of the new version of the Strategy of the state national policy. The content of this document is considered in systemic connection with the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 1993 and other acts in the field of national relations. The advantages of the new version of the Strategy, as well as gaps and shortcomings of legal regulation are identified, some proposals for its improvement are made.

scholarly journals Approaches and methods for calculating the initial (maximum) price of contracts for the supply of goods, performance of work, provision of services for state and municipal needs

2021 ◽  
pp. 302-318
Author(s):  
М.Г. Городничев ◽  
Л.В. Егорова ◽  
А.М. Измайлов ◽  
А.Ю. Казанская ◽  
Е.А. Кандрашина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Relevant Issue ◽  
Maximum Price ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
The Russian Federation

В соответствии с законодательством Российской Федерации заказчики для осуществления закупки необходимо обосновать объект закупки, необходимость его закупки, план-график осуществления закупки, начальную (максимальную) цену контракта, а так же способ ее определения, что является актуальным вопросом, в контексте которого в статье изложены подходы и методы для обоснования (расчета) начальной (максимальной) цены контрактов на выполнение работ, оказание услуг и поставок товара, реализуемых в рамках федеральных и национальных проектов, государственных и целевых программ в сфере образования и науки. Практическая значимость материалов статьи заключается в том, что в них представлены классификация существующих подходов и методов, а также рекомендации по их применению для определения цены контракта в зависимости от предмета контракта. In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, customers need to justify the object of purchase, the need for its purchase, the procurement schedule, the initial The (maximum) price of the contract, as well as the method of determining it, which is a relevant issue in the context of which the article sets out the approaches and methods to justify (calculating) the initial (maximum) price of contracts for the performance of work, the provision of services and supplies of goods implemented within the framework of federal and national projects, state and target programs in the field of education and science. The practical significance of the article is that it presents a classification of existing approaches and methods, as well as recommendations on their use to determine the price of a contract depending on the object of the contract.

scholarly journals MINI-PARLIAMENTS IN THE POST-DICTATORSHIP DEMOCRACIES OF WESTERN EUROPE AND LATIN AMERICA

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 942-964
Author(s):  
Alexey S. Koshel
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Parliamentary Democracy ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
Parliamentary Procedure

The article investigtes the powers and parliamentary procedures in the standing committees and commissions of several countries of Western Europe and Latin America. The author believes that one of the modern paradigms for the development of parliamentary democracy is to strengthen the role of standing committees in the work of parliament by transferring to the committee level a number of constitutional powers of parliaments. In this regard, the author clarifies approaches to the classification of the committee structure of parliaments and looks at committee parliamentary procedures in Italy, Germany, Greece, Portugal, Spain, Brazil and Argentina at the present stage. The author comes to certain conclusions regarding the paradigm of the committee parliamentary procedure, including further improvement of domestic constitutional-legal matter in the context of the ongoing development of parliamentary democracy in the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Spatial outlines of an innovative system, capable of innovative reproducing

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Maksim A. Asaul ◽  
◽  
Nikita S. Zaitsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Innovative System ◽  
The Russian Federation

It is established to what extent an innovative system, limited by the framework of a region - a subject of the Russian Federation, is capable of expanded reproduction. The spatial contours of the local innovation system are justified by the boundaries of the macroregion. The classification of domestic innovation systems on a spatial basis is carried out. The problems that do not contribute to the implementation of the entire chain of the innovation process in the local innovation system are formulated: from the generation of knowledge to the production of finished innovative products.

Program for the development of small and medium—sized enterprises, individual entrepreneurs and self—employed in the regions of the Russian Federation in modern realities

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-156
Author(s):  
T. A. Shpilkina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Enterprise Development ◽  
Integrated Development ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation

In this article, the author outlines the issues of enterprise development of small and medium–sized enterprises, individual entrepreneurs and self–employed in the regions of the Russian Federation in modern realities». The author presents the directions of development of this sector of the economy according to the national project on the development of small and medium–sized enterprises, the dependence of their development on many causes is shown, including from the development of territories, urban development projects, tax regimes, support programs, and other factors. Data on concessional loans issued to small and medium–sized businesses, including sole proprietors, are presented starting from 2019 to 2020, and the planned loan volumes for them from 2021 to 2024 by Federal Districts of the Russian Federation, law on integrated development of territories, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the Professional income tax. The importance of the development of subjects is indicated of enterprise development of small and medium–sized enterprises, individual entrepreneurs and self–employed as a strategic task for the development of the country’s economy.

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