Objectives of the penal system and problems of differentiation of convicted persons to deprivation of liberty

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Сергей Михайлович Савушкин
Keyword(s):  
Program Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Nelson Mandela ◽  
Target Program ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Development Concept

Важность определения конкретных, измеримых и объективно необходимых целей деятельности исправительных учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы объясняется проблемами, с которыми сталкиваются сотрудники при выполнении функций, отдельные из которых не способствуют достижению целей уголовно-исполнительного законодательства РФ. В статье рассматриваются и подвергаются конструктивной критике цели уголовно-исполнительного законодательства, задачи уголовно-исполнительной системы (которые в 2004 г. были исключены из закона), основные задачи ФСИН России, основные цели Концепции развития уголовно-исполнительной системы РФ до 2020 г., цель Концепции федеральной целевой программы «Развитие уголовно-исполнительной системы (2017-2025 годы)». Приводятся цели классификации осужденных, которые предусмотрены Правилами Нельсона Манделы, как положительный опыт закрепления целей отдельного правового института. Высказывается позиция относительно необходимости закрепления целей отдельных институтов, промежуточных целей и важности определения точных критериев оценки достижимости отмеченных целей. Данная работа проводится для выявления имеющихся проблем, связанных с отсутствием конкретных показателей деятельности исправительных учреждений, выполнение которых должно способствовать достижению целей уголовно-исполнительного законодательства РФ. The importance of determining the specific, measurable and objectively necessary goals of the activities of correctional institutions of the penal system is explained by the problems faced by employees in performing functions, some of which do not contribute to the achievement of the goals of the penal legislation of the Russian Federation. The article discusses and criticizes constructively the goals of the penal legislation, the tasks of the penal system (which were excluded from the Law in 2004), the main tasks of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, the main goals of the Development Concept of the Russian penal system until 2020, the goal of the Federal Concept target program "Development of the penal system (2017-2025)". The goals of the classification of convicts, which are provided for by the rules of Nelson Mandela, as a positive experience in fixing goals, a separate legal institution. A position is expressed regarding the need to consolidate the goals of individual institutions, intermediate goals and the importance of determining, exact criteria, assessing the attainability of the stated goals. This work is carried out in order to establish the existing problems associated with the lack of specific indicators of the activity of correctional institutions, the implementation of which should help achieve the goals of the criminal-executive legislation of the Russian Federation.

Characteristics of convicts serving sentences in correctional institutions of russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-74
Author(s):  
Любовь Ильинична Разбирина
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

В статье приведены данные уголовно-правовой характеристики осужденных, отбывающих наказание в виде лишения свободы в Российской Федерации. Цель исследования заключается в том, чтобы показать влияние изменений в уголовной политике государства на изменение численности осужденных, распределение их в зависимости от квалификации совершенных преступлений, по количеству судимостей, назначенному сроку наказания в виде лишения свободы и по другим показателям. Установлено, что произошли существенные изменения в распределении осужденных в зависимости от числа судимостей и по срокам назначенного судом наказания, в распределении по видам исправительных учреждений. Анализ статистических данных ФСИН России демонстрирует, что в исследуемый период значительно возросла доля женщин, осужденных к лишению свободы, а численность несовершеннолетних осужденных сократилась в несколько раз, существенно возросли доля осужденных за преступления, связанные с незаконным оборотом наркотиков, и численность осужденных на срок наказания свыше 10 лет лишения свободы, а также произошли другие изменения. Знание и учет особенностей уголовно-правовой характеристики осужденных в деятельности научных и практических работников будет способствовать повышению эффективности деятельности уголовно-исполнительной системы в решении задач по исправлению осужденных и предупреждению совершения новых преступлений как осужденными, так и иными лицами, - достижении основных целей уголовно-исполнительного законодательства Российской Федерации. The article presents the data of criminal-legal characteristics of convicts serving a sentence of imprisonment in the Russian Federation. The aim of the study is to show the impact of changes in the criminal policy of the state on changes in the number of convicts, their distribution depending on the qualification of the crimes committed, the number of convictions, the appointed term of imprisonment and other criteria. As a result of the conducted researches it is established that there were essential changes in distribution condemned depending on number of criminal records and on terms of the punishment appointed by court, in distribution by types of correctional facilities and other indicators. The analysis of statistical data of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia reflects the fact that during the study period the proportion of women sentenced to imprisonment increased significantly, and the number of juvenile convicts decreased several times, the proportion of those convicted of crimes related to drug trafficking and the number of those sentenced to more than 10 years of imprisonment, as well as other changes. Knowledge and consideration of the features of the social and legal characteristics of convicts in the activities of researchers and practitioners will contribute to improving the efficiency of the penal system in solving problems of correction of convicts and preventing the Commission of new crimes by both convicts and other persons, which is the main objectives of the Penal legislation of the Russian Federation.

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF PROPERTY INTERESTS PROTECTION OF THE PENAL SYSTEM OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS AS REPRESENTATIVE OF A VICTIM

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Викторович Кияйкин
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Moment

В статье проведен анализ существующей практики защиты имущественных интересов уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации при участии в уголовном процессе в качестве представителя потерпевшего, изложены рекомендации по улучшению данной работы с учетом особенностей сложившейся практики. Раскрываются особенности уголовно-процессуальной защиты на основе материалов территориальных органов и анализа дел указанной категории схарактеристикой эффективных решений иимеющихся проблем по защите имущественных интересов уголовно-исполнительной системы (далее - УИС), материалов практики защиты поуказанным вопросам, аналитических и статистических данных за 2018-2020 гг. Обращено внимание, чтона практике имеются сложности с определением размера возмещаемого ущерба и сроков исковой давности, а также с фактическим исполнением судебных решений овзыскании ущерба в связи с финансовой несостоятельностью должников. Важной проблемой по защите имущественных интересов остается отсутствие методики определения размера причиненного репутационного вреда органам иучреждениям уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации. Обеспечение своевременного допуска представителя органа илиучреждения УИС имеет существенное значение для защиты имущественных интересов, поскольку юридическое лицо получает фактическую возможность по отстаиванию своих законных интересов лишь смомента допуска представителя - физического лица. Автором определены направления работы должностных и иных заинтересованных лиц по реализации защиты имущественных интересов УИС при участии в уголовном процессе в качестве представителя потерпевшего. The article analyzes the existing practice of protecting the property interests of the Penal system of the Russian Federation when participating in criminal proceedings as a representative of the victim, and provides recommendations for improving this work, taking into account the features of the current practice. The article reveals the features of criminal procedure protection based on the materials of territorial bodies and the analysis of cases of this category with the characteristics of effective solutions and existing problems in protecting the property interests of the Penal system (hereinafter the FPS), materials of defense practice on these issues, analytical and statistical data for the period 2018-2020. Attention is drawn to the fact that in practice there are some peculiarities in determining the amount of damage to be compensated and the limitation period. Due to the financial insolvency of debtors in practice, there is a difficulty with the actual execution of court decisions on recovery of damages. An important problem in protecting property interests remains the lack of a methodology for determining the amount of reputational damage caused to the bodies and institutions of the Russian Federation's penal system. Ensuring the timely admission of a representative of a body or institution of a penal system is essential for the protection of property interests, since a legal entity gets the actual opportunity to defend its legitimate interests only from the moment of admission of a representative - an individual. The author defines the directions of work of officials and other interested persons to protect the property interests of the Penal system of the Russian Federation when participating in criminal proceedings as a representative of the victim.

scholarly journals Theoretical analysis of legislative definition of the regime in correctional institutions: problems and ways to solve them

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
V. E. Juzhanin ◽  
D. V. Gorban'
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Scientific Thought ◽  
General Part ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of

The article provides a theoretical analysis of Part 1 of Article 82 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which defines the regime in correctional institutions of the Russian penal system. It is noted that this definition does not correspond to the achievements of modern penitentiary scientific thought about the regime. In particular, it is emphasized that the regime cannot provide conditions for serving a sentence, since it includes these conditions. Also, the regime cannot ensure the protection of convicts, supervision over them and separate maintenance of different categories of convicts, since, on the contrary, the latter are the means of ensuring the regime. According to the authors of the article, the legislator incorrectly uses the phrase regime of detention of convicts, meaning regime of serving a sentence, since they are different legal phenomena. It is noted that the most optimal definition of the regime is presented in the theoretical model of the general part of the new Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, prepared by a group of authors, but the authors also subjected this definition to some adjustments.

scholarly journals PREVENTION OF OFFENSES AMONG PERSONS HELD IN CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS AS A MEASURE TO ENSURE THE PERSONAL SAFETY OF CONVICTED PERSONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
O.V. Pronina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Concept Of Law ◽  
Concept Of Law

The article considers the concept of "law and order in a correctional institution". The connection of the concept of "law and order" with the concept of "personal security of convicts"is analyzed. The author proposed changes and additions to the Instructions for the Prevention of Offenses among persons held in institutions of the penal system «approved by the order of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation of May 20, 2013. No. 72, which, in his opinion, will have a positive impact on the measures for the prevention of offenses in correctional institutions carried out by employees of the penitentiary system in order to ensure an appropriate level of law and order and ensure the personal safety of convicts.

On the issue of creating integrated correctional institutions in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Ирина Николаевна Коробова
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Multi Mode

В настоящее время происходит процесс активного реформирования уголовно-исполнительной системы, кроме того, параллельно проводится работа по изменению уголовно-исполнительного законодательства. Количество осужденных, содержащихся в местах лишения свободы, неизменно снижается, причем прослеживается определенная тенденция, когда исправительные учреждения одного вида режима переполнены, другие заполнены не в полном объеме, в связи с чем их количество уменьшается, в частности, на всей территории Российской Федерации имеется только 22 колонии для несовершеннолетних. В уголовно-исполнительном законодательстве РФ содержится норма, предусматривающая отбывание наказания в исправительном учреждении, расположенном в пределах территории субъекта Российской Федерации, в котором осужденный проживал или был осужден. Однако в настоящее время соблюдение данного принципа достаточно проблематично, и выходом из сложившейся ситуации может быть создание комплексных (мультирежимных) исправительных учреждений. Данное положение не противоречит и положениям международных стандартов исполнения наказаний, подобные положения имеются и в Минимальных стандартных правилах в отношении обращения с заключенными 2015 г., и в Европейских пенитенциарных правилах. Все это обосновывает актуальность изучаемой темы. Currently, there is a process of active reform of the penal system, in addition, work is being carried out in parallel to change the penal legislation. The number of convicts held in places of deprivation of liberty is constantly decreasing, and there is a certain trend when correctional institutions of one type of regime are overcrowded, while others are not filled in full, which is why their number is decreasing, in particular, there are only 22 juvenile colonies throughout the Russian Federation. Among the principles of deprivation of liberty, the penal legislation of the Russian Federation singles out the principle of serving a sentence in a correctional institution located within the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation where the convicted person lived or was convicted. However, at present, compliance with this principle is quite problematic, so the solution to this situation may be the creation of complex (multi-mode) correctional institutions. This provision does not contradict the provisions of international standards for the execution of sentences, such provisions are found in the standard Minimum rules for the treatment of prisoners of 2015, and in the European prison rules. All this justifies the relevance of the topic under study.

Lengthy Prison Term as a Psychological Issue in the Penal System of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
YURII E. SUSLOV
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Prolonged Stay ◽  
Prison Term ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: the paper analyzes scientific data related to the definition of the phenomenon “lengthy prison term” and demonstrates a relative and conditional nature of this phenomenon. Available scientific research findings in this area suggest that the duration of serving a sentence is an exclusively subjective measure for various criminals. Goal: to identify the impact of the length of prison sentences on convicts in the context of their reformation. Methods: we use general scientific research methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization). The work is based on the results derived from the analysis of relevant foreign and domestic studies. Results: by analyzing the influence of specific features inherent in correctional institutions, we reveal the following inconsistency: custodial sentences and lengthy prison terms contribute to the adaptation of convicts to prison conditions, development of negative changes in their personality, destructive conduct, etc. In addition, prolonged stay in a correctional institution reduces the impact of major means of reformation such as prison regime, educational work, and socially useful work. Conclusions: when determining the length of prison term, it is necessary to proceed not so much from the nature and degree of public danger of the act, but from individual features of the criminal’s personality, their social environment, and the motive for the crime committed. It is necessary to abandon the quantitative approach to determining the mea sure of punishment expressed in the length of the prison term. Key words: lengthy prison term; serving a sentence; correctional institutions; crime; convicts; reformation; punishment; penal system of the Russian Federation; isolation conditions.

scholarly journals Return of procedural powers to the penal system of the Russian Federation: stages and sequence of steps

2021 ◽  
Vol 226 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
SERGEY I. GIRKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Advanced Training ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
The Russian Federation

Abstract. Based on the analysis of the situation with the state of the procedural powers of the penal system of the Russian Federation and its certain constituent entities, including correctional institutions, the author comes to the conclusion that along with the problems of legal inadequacy of procedural powers assigned to the system, solving of organizational issues is no less urgent. Without the decision of these issues the penitentiary system experiences a shortage of specialists in inquiry in penitentiary bodies and institutions, however, they are not trained in educational institutions of the FPS of Russia. The author's vision of the solution to this problem is proposed. Key words: procedural powers of the penal system, correctional institutions, training of specialists for inquiry in educational institutions of the penal system, specialization in the implementation of criminal procedural activities, initial training of specialists, retraining and advanced training in inquiry.

scholarly journals Lengthy Prison Term as a Psychological Issue in the Penal System of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
Yurii E. Suslov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Prolonged Stay ◽  
Prison Term ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: the paper analyzes scientific data related to the definition of the phenomenon “lengthy prison term” and demonstrates a relative and conditional nature of this phenomenon. Available scientific research findings in this area suggest that the duration of serving a sentence is an exclusively subjective measure for various criminals. Goal: to identify the impact of the length of prison sentences on convicts in the context of their reformation. Methods: we use general scientific research methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization). The work is based on the results derived from the analysis of relevant foreign and domestic studies. Results: by analyzing the influence of specific features inherent in correctional institutions, we reveal the following inconsistency: custodial sentences and lengthy prison terms contribute to the adaptation of convicts to prison conditions, development of negative changes in their personality, destructive conduct, etc. In addition, prolonged stay in a correctional institution reduces the impact of major means of reformation such as prison regime, educational work, and socially useful work. Conclusions: when determining the length of prison term, it is necessary to proceed not so much from the nature and degree of public danger of the act, but from individual features of the criminal’s personality, their social environment, and the motive for the crime committed. It is necessary to abandon the quantitative approach to determining the measure of punishment expressed in the length of the prison term. Key words: lengthy prison term; serving a sentence; correctional institutions; crime; convicts; reformation; punishment; penal system of the Russian Federation; isolation conditions.

ON THE ISSUE OF EMPLOYMENT OF FOREIGN CITIZENS AND STATELESS PERSONS SENTENCED TO IMPRISONMENT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Вера Алексеевна Борченко ◽  
Ксения Ивановна Казарина
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Labor Law ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
National Legislation ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Executive System

Актуальность темы научной статьи обусловлена тем, что осужденные иностранные граждане и лица, не имеющие доказательств своей принадлежности к гражданству (подданству) какого-либо государства, отбывающие наказания на территории Российской Федерации, наравне с осужденными российскими гражданами обязаны трудиться. В статье рассматривается вопрос привлечения указанной выше категории лиц к трудовой деятельности в РФ, а также анализируется опыт зарубежных стран в рамках указанной темы. Авторы проводят анализ норм уголовно-исполнительного и трудового законодательства РФ, регулирующих привлечение к труду иностранных осужденных и апатридов осужденных в исправительных учреждениях уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации (УИС), приводят статистические данные о количестве иностранных осужденных, отбывающих наказание в пенитенциарных учреждениях УИС. Авторами систематизирован порядок подачи и оформления документов, а также рассматривается взаимодействие между сотрудниками различных подразделений УИС в процессе привлечения к труду указанных категорий осужденных. Кроме того, в статье обозначена проблема, возникающая при привлечении к труду иностранных осужденных, а также лиц без гражданства, и сформулированы рекомендации, направленные на совершенствование законодательства Российской Федерации в исследуемой области. The relevance of the topic of the scientific article is due to the fact that convicted foreign citizens and persons who do not have proof of their belonging to the citizenship (citizenship) of any state, serving sentences on the territory of the Russian Federation, are required to work on an equal basis with Russian convicts. The article deals with the issue of attracting the above-mentioned category of persons to work in the Russian Federation, as well as analyzes the experience of foreign countries in the framework of the topic under consideration. In addition, the authors analyze the norms of national legislation, namely, penal and labor law, regulating the employment of foreign convicts and stateless convicts in correctional institutions of the penal system of the Russian Federation. The authors of the article also provide statistical data on the number of foreign convicts serving their sentences in penitentiary institutions of the penitentiary system of the Russian Federation. The authors systematize the procedure for filing and processing documents, and also consider the interaction between employees of various departments of the criminal executive system of the Russian Federation in the process of attracting these categories of convicts to work. In addition, the article identifies the problem that arises when attracting foreign convicts, as well as stateless persons, to work, and makes recommendations aimed at improving the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field under study.

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