scholarly journals Change of the Moscow River Water System Morphometric Parameters during the Period of their Operation

2014 ◽  
pp. 4-22
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Water System ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
Moscow River

The main results of the fi rst-conducted instrumental bathimetric surveys of the Moscow River Water System reservoirs are presented; changes of the morthometric parameters in comparison with the designed ones are shown. Assessment of the water bodies’ silting intensity by changes of water volumes in individual layers during the period of their exploitation has been carried out.

scholarly journals Formation Patterns of Mediterranean High-Mountain Water-Bodies in Sierra-Nevada, SE Spain

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Diaz-Hernandez ◽  
Antonio Jose Herrera-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Glacial Processes ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Water Volumes

At present, there is a lack of detailed understanding on how the factors converging on water variables from mountain areas modify the quantity and quality of their watercourses, which are features determining these areas’ hydrological contribution to downstream regions. In order to remedy this situation to some extent, we studied the water-bodies of the western sector of the Sierra Nevada massif (Spain). Since thaw is a necessary but not sufficient contributor to the formation of these fragile water-bodies, we carried out field visits to identify their number, size and spatial distribution as well as their different modelling processes. The best-defined water-bodies were the result of glacial processes, such as overdeepening and moraine dams. These water-bodies are the highest in the massif (2918 m mean altitude), the largest and the deepest, making up 72% of the total. Another group is formed by hillside instability phenomena, which are very dynamic and are related to a variety of processes. The resulting water-bodies are irregular and located at lower altitudes (2842 m mean altitude), representing 25% of the total. The third group is the smallest (3%), with one subgroup formed by anthropic causes and another formed from unknown origin. It has recently been found that the Mediterranean and Atlantic watersheds of this massif are somewhat paradoxical in behaviour, since, despite its higher xericity, the Mediterranean watershed generally has higher water contents than the Atlantic. The overall cause of these discrepancies between watersheds is not connected to their formation processes. However, we found that the classification of water volumes by the manners of formation of their water-bodies is not coherent with the associated green fringes because of the anomalous behaviour of the water-bodies formed by moraine dams. This discrepancy is largely due to the passive role of the water retained in this type of water-body as it depends on the characteristics of its hollows. The water-bodies of Sierra Nevada close to the peak line (2918 m mean altitude) are therefore highly dependent on the glacial processes that created the hollows in which they are located. Slope instability created water-bodies mainly located at lower altitudes (2842 m mean altitude), representing tectonic weak zones or accumulation of debris, which are influenced by intense slope dynamics. These water-bodies are therefore more fragile, and their existence is probably more short-lived than that of bodies created under glacial conditions.

scholarly journals Variations in the surface velocity of an alpine cirque glacier

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (248) ◽  
pp. 969-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. SANDERS ◽  
K. M. CUFFEY ◽  
K. R. MACGREGOR ◽  
J. L. KAVANAUGH ◽  
C. F. DOW
Keyword(s):  
Water System ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Channel Network ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Ice Dynamics ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACTFollowing pioneering work in Norway, cirque glaciers have widely been viewed as rigidly rotating bodies. This model is incorrect for basin-filling cirque glaciers, as we have demonstrated at West Washmawapta Glacier, a small glacier in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Here we report observations at the same glacier that assess whether complex temporal variations of flow also occur. For parts of three summers, we measured daily displacements of the glacier surface. In one year, four short-duration speed-up events were recorded. Three of the events occurred during the intervals of warmest weather, when melt was most rapid; the fourth event occurred immediately following heavy rain. We interpret the speed-up events as manifestations of enhanced water inputs to the glacier bed and associated slip lubrication by increased water volumes and pressures. No further speed-ups occurred in the final month of the melt season, despite warm temperatures and several rainstorms; the dominant subglacial water system likely transformed from one of poorly connected cavities to one with an efficient channel network. The seasonal evolution of hydrology and flow resembles behaviors documented at other, larger temperate glaciers and indicates that analyses of cirque erosion cannot rely on simple assumptions about ice dynamics.

scholarly journals Removal of Heavy Metals from Chithrapuzha River Water by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared Via Green Synthesis Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1154-1160
Author(s):  
G. DEEPA ◽  
M. JEYARAJ ◽  
P. N. Magudeswaran
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
River Water ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Aquatic Life

On account of industrialization and increasing population, the water bodies get polluted by means of degradable and non-degradable substances. In 21st century, it is necessary to maintain a healthy environment especially water bodies for the survival of not the aquatic animals but also for healthy human life. Recent advances suggest that the issues related to water quality could be resolved by using nanoparticles and nano-filtration membrane methods from the development of nanotechnology. In this research, attempt to remove heavy metals from Chithrapuzha River water at Cochin bar mouth (S1) and Fact barge jetty (S2) using Fe2O3 prepared via green synthesis using Egg albumin and Aloe vera. Our results provoke that, the synthesis of Fe2O3 nanoparticle is cost-effective and eco-friendly and also good in nano-regime. Results of filtration studies showed that Fe2O3 nanoparticles remove heavy metals from Chithrapuzha River water and also increases the DO content which helps the survival of aquatic life.

Interactions Between Biotic and Abiotic Factors and Viruses in a Water System

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 139-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Walter ◽  
J. Dürkop ◽  
B. Friedman ◽  
H. J. Dobberkau
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Water System ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Virus Content ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Distributed Sampling

A river intensively used along its entire course for extracting potable water and for discharging domestic and industrial effluents permanently carries a high load of viruses, including hepatitis A and rotaviruses. In the areas supplied with potable water from this river hepatitis A is endemic. The river has been investigated four times at 16 or more sampling points throughout its course in the years 1981, 1982 and 1983. Coincident with the virological investigation, biological, microbiological and chemical examinations were conducted with the same water sample. At some representatively distributed sampling points along the river course, tests for heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Cu, Cr, Pb) and selected chemical compounds were also performed. The virological quality of the river water largely depends on the virus input via domestic sewage. Statistically significant correlations have been found between virus level, pH, NH4+ and NO3−. Amoebae species are likely to counteract viruses. Knowing the dynamics of river water exploitation above the extraction sites, a model for the estimation of virus content in the raw water could be developed.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Oder river water temperature for heat pump

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 00071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marderos Ara Sayegh ◽  
Alina Żabnieńska-Góra
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
River Water ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Average Water Temperature ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Oder River

Currently there is increasing interest in using surface water bodies as renewable energy sources for year around or seasonal heating and cooling applications e.g. heat pumps. This paper presents the statistical analysis of average water temperature and the flow rate of the Oder River. Linear regression analysis was carried out on the base of ten years (2005–2014) diurnal water temperatures measurements data. The results determine the relation between average air temperature in Wroclaw and Oder river water average temperature for two analysed locations. The Pearson's r correlation coefficients were determined. Additionally, the variability of water flow rates from 2008–2010 in the annual cycle were illustrated. The article proposes the conceptual framework for surface water bodies technical aspects. This proposition is the first step for wider analysis in order to identify the thermal potential of the Oder river water as heat source for heat pumps.

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