scholarly journals THE COMBINATION OF STUDY AND LABOUR ACTIVITY IN ADOLESCENCE AS A RISK FACTOR FOR HEALTH (REGIONAL ASPECTS)

2017 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
V.Yu. Ivanov ◽  
E.I. Shubochkina ◽  
E.M. Ibragimova
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Lack Of Sleep ◽  
Lower Health ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Etiologic Fraction

Hygienic features of the employment of teenagers living in four regions of the Russian Federation (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Omsk and Pskov) have been studied. Regional peculiarities in the prevalence and structure of employment are established. It is confirmed that work in adolescence can have a negative impact on lifestyle and health. In the group of working adolescents, there is a higher prevalence of behavioral risk factors (smoking, drinking alcohol, drugs, lack of sleep, etc.). Adolescents with work experience have lower health indicators. The analysis of relative risk (RR) and etiologic fraction (EF) showed that the higher health risks are for adolescents who work continuously throughout the year.

scholarly journals The work and health of adolescents: the gender aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 754-759
Author(s):  
Viktor Yu. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Lower Health ◽  
Gender Aspects

The purpose of the research is to study the gender aspects of the employment of adolescents, working in the time free from their study, and its impact on the livestyle and health, to assess the risks to health of students. There was studied the employment of senior pupils and students of vocational schools (1.2 thousand persons at the age from 14 till 18 years) in 5 regions of the Russian Federation. The results indicate to a prevalence of illegal employment of the minors. Among young men 62% work part time, among young women - 37%. Violations of hygienic requirements for working conditions and labor law violations are more common in young men employment. The first experience of work can render negative impact on the lifestyle and the state of health. In the working adolescents there is observed the higher prevalence of the behavioral risk factors (smoking, alcohol, drugs, sleep deprivation and others). Adolescents with work experience have lower health status. The analysis of odds ratio (OR), relative risk (RR), etiological fraction (EF) showed that to the higher health risk there are exposed teenagers working constantly throughout the year. In this group among girls there is a high prevalence of chronic diseases (RR = 2; OR = 3.9), of complaints of indigestion (RR = 2; OR = 2.5). In the group of young men, working continuously, the percentage of frequently ill with acute respiratory infections is higher (RR = 3.3; OR = 3.7), there is a higher number of complaints of heartburn (RR = 2.1; OR = 2.6), back pain (RR = 1.8; OR = 2.2). Working young men have higher health risk by comparison with working young women.

scholarly journals Effective Model of Public Health Formation

2018 ◽  
pp. 411-414
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Capital Development

The article considers the demographic and epidemiological grounds for evolutionary transition from the economics of medical care to the public health economics; the methodology for the formation of an effective strategy of public health promotion in Russia; the modern concepts of the economy of public health; and data, calculated on this basis, such as the Human Capital Development Index, Human Development Index and the ratings of the Russian Federation in these international indices. The analysis of models of public health and the most important factors, determining the health of population (lifestyle, heredity, ecology, medicine) were presented. Also, the most significant risk factors of mortality of the Russian Federation population were considered, among which the behavioral risk factors, associated with the way of life of population, were defined. On this basis, the strategy for reduction of behavioral risk factors and for promotion of healthy lifestyle of population was formulated. The analysis of the features of State Program of the Russian Federation "Health Development" for 2013-2020, and the new program, having the same name, was carried out. These programs are connected with the development of prevention and the formation of healthy lifestyle of population (HLS) in the country. In addition, the regional targeted programs for the prevention of diseases, the formation of healthy lifestyle, and their social results were studied. The effectiveness of a comprehensive intersectoral approach to the formation of healthy lifestyle of population in the regions of Russia in modern conditions was substantiated.

scholarly journals Development of Prevention Strategies for Non-Communicable Diseases

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Olga Zadvornaya ◽  
Konstantin Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Responsible Attitude ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

The European region WHO policy on the prevention of non-communicable diseases, and also the development of national efforts to combat non-communicable diseases in the Russian Federation, are considered in the article. The strategic directions in the evolvement of the prevention of non-communicable diseases are described from the middle of the XX century until now. The relevance of scheduled preventive activities with the population and identification of effective ways to implement the prevention strategies, to diagnose at earlier stages and to reduce the impact of behavioral risk factors for the non-communicable diseases are justified. The need for further developments in the work on the formation of a healthy lifestyle, active involvement of each individual in the process of the formation of a responsible attitude to the health are proved.

scholarly journals Prehypertension and cardiometabolic risk factors (data of the ESSE-RF study)

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Erina ◽  
O. P. Rotar ◽  
A. V. Orlov ◽  
V. N. Solntsev ◽  
S. A. Shalnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Optimal Blood Pressure

Theobjectiveof our work was to assess the prevalence of prehypertension (PHT) and the relationship with cardiovascular risk factors in the population sample of the inhabitants of the Russian Federation.Design and methods.The ESSE-RF study was carried out in 12 regions of the Russian Federation (Volgograd, Vologda, Voronezh, Vladivostok, Ivanovo, Kemerovo, Krasnoyarsk, Orenburg, Tomsk, Tyumen, St Petersburg, and North Ossetia (Alania)) with different climatic, geographic, economic and demographic characteristics. A stratified random sample was formed in each region. In total, 20652 inhabitants of the Russian Federation aged 25–65 years were examined. All participants signed informed consent and completed approved questionnaires regarding behavioral risk factors, socioeconomic status and concomitant diseases/therapy. Anthropometry, fasting blood sampling, measurement of blood pressure (BP) were performed. BP was measured by the OMRON device (Japan) twice on the right arm in the sitting position with calculation of the mean BP. The optimal blood pressure corresponds to the BP level < 120/80 mm Hg. The normal BP is 120–129/80–84 mm Hg. High normal BP is 130–139/85–89 mm Hg. PHT is diagnosed in case of BP 120–139/80–89 mm Hg. Hypertension is diagnosed case of BP ≥ 140/90 mm Hg or antihypertensive therapy. PHT includes groups of normal and high normal blood pressure. The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS Statistics 20.Results.Data of 20607 participants were analyzed, among them 7806 men (37,9  %) and 12801 women (62,1  %). The optimal BP was registered in 3848 (23,4  %), normal BP in 3551 (20,1  %), high normal BP in 2861 (14,9  %), PHT — in 6412 (35,0  %), hypertension — in 10347 (41,6  %). The prevalence is standardized according to the age structure of the World Health Organization (2000). Among men, compared with women, PHT was significantly more frequent (41,2  % and 30,1  %, respectively). The probability of PHT, adjusted for sex, age and obesity is associated with hypercholesterolemia > 4,9 mmol / l (OR 1,27 [1,15, 1,39]), increased HDL > 3,0 mmol / l (1,25 [1,14, 1,37]), triglycerides > 1,7 mmol / l (OR 1,39 [1,23, 1,58]), hyperglycemia ≥ 5,6 mmol / l (OR 1,46 [1,28, 1,67], p < 0,05). The presence of higher education reduced the likelihood of PHT, behavioral risk factors were not significant predictors.Conclusions.The results demonstrate the high prevalence of PHT and the association of metabolic abnormalities with the transformation of optimal blood pressure in PHT, which emphasizes the importance of timely diagnosis of PHT and correction of cardiometabolic risk factors in the Russian population. 

A comparative analysis of the anthropogenic impact and user-pays principle availability in the model areas of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1787-1798
Author(s):  
S.N. Ayusheeva
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Environmental Investment ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Comparative Systems

Subject. This article assesses the effectiveness of the existing system of environmental management based on the user-pays principle in terms of reducing the negative impact on the environment. Objectives. The article aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the anthropogenic impact on natural environment components and deficiency payments for pollution in the model areas of the Russian Federation. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of computational, comparative, systems, and structural analyses. Results. Based on the ecological rating of the Russian Federation subjects, the article defines model areas, assesses the degree of anthropogenic impact on the basis of pollution relative rates, and describes the particularities of environmental investment in the selected areas. Conclusions. The system of payments for pollution does not affect the economic behavior of economic entities.

scholarly journals Psychological and Behavioral Predictors of Vaccine Efficacy: Considerations for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 174569162198924
Author(s):  
Annelise A. Madison ◽  
M. Rosie Shrout ◽  
Megan E. Renna ◽  
Janice K. Kiecolt-Glaser
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Vaccine Efficacy ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Vaccine Response ◽  
The Impact

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine candidates are being evaluated, with the goal of conferring immunity on the highest percentage of people who receive the vaccine as possible. It is noteworthy that vaccine efficacy depends not only on the vaccine but also on characteristics of the vaccinated. Over the past 30 years, a series of studies has documented the impact of psychological factors on the immune system’s vaccine response. Robust evidence has demonstrated that stress, depression, loneliness, and poor health behaviors can impair the immune system’s response to vaccines, and this effect may be greatest in vulnerable groups such as the elderly. Psychological factors are also implicated in the prevalence and severity of vaccine-related side effects. These findings have generalized across many vaccine types and therefore may be relevant to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. In this review, we discuss these psychological and behavioral risk factors for poor vaccine responses, their relevance to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as targeted psychological and behavioral interventions to boost vaccine efficacy and reduce side effects. Recent data suggest these psychological and behavioral risk factors are highly prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic, but intervention research suggests that psychological and behavioral interventions can increase vaccine efficacy.

scholarly journals Effects of Behavioral Risk Factors and Social-Environmental Factors on Non-Communicable Diseases in South Korea: A National Survey Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Nam Jeong Jeong ◽  
Eunil Park ◽  
Angel P. del Pobil
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Social Environmental Factors

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are one of the major health threats in the world. Thus, identifying the factors that influence NCDs is crucial to monitor and manage diseases. This study investigates the effects of social-environmental and behavioral risk factors on NCDs as well as the effects of social-environmental factors on behavioral risk factors using an integrated research model. This study used a dataset from the 2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. After filtering incomplete responses, 5462 valid responses remained. Items including one’s social-environmental factors (household income, education level, and region), behavioral factors (alcohol use, tobacco use, and physical activity), and NCDs histories were used for analyses. To develop a comprehensive index of each factor that allows comparison between different concepts, the researchers assigned scores to indicators of the factors and calculated a ratio of the scores. A series of path analyses were conducted to determine the extent of relationships among NCDs and risk factors. The results showed that social-environmental factors have notable effects on stroke, myocardial infarction, angina, diabetes, and gastric, liver, colon, lung, and thyroid cancers. The results indicate that the effects of social-environmental and behavioral risk factors on NCDs vary across the different types of diseases. The effects of social-environmental factors and behavioral risk factors significantly affected NCDs. However, the effect of social-environmental factors on behavioral risk factors was not supported. Furthermore, social-environmental factors and behavioral risk factors affect NCDs in a similar way. However, the effects of behavioral risk factors were smaller than those of social-environmental factors. The current research suggests taking a comprehensive view of risk factors to further understand the antecedents of NCDs in South Korea.

scholarly journals Examining social determinants by locale to inform community linkages

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Davis
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Negative Impacts

Abstract Achieving a long-lasting impact on health outcomes requires focus not just on patient care, but also on community approaches aimed at improving population health through addressing gaps in Social Determinants of Health (SDOH). SDOH have been found to disproportionately affect those in low-income brackets and the disabled to varying degrees based on locale. The purpose of this exploratory research was to determine 1) which SDOH have the greatest negative impact on disabled and elderly populations within four targeted states (Iowa, Ohio, Minnesota, Wisconsin) and 2) if there is a difference in negative SDOH impact between metro and non-metro locales. Individual-level data were obtained from disabled persons aged 65 years or older who responded to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. Utilizing these data, frequency distributions were obtained using SPSS. Rank order variation in SDOH was observed among four Midwestern states and between metro vs. non-metro geographic regions. Frequency distributions assisted in identifying the greatest negative impacting SDOH on elderly disabled populations. An examination of the rank order tables allowed the investigator to accurately assess the rank of negative impacts. There were variabilities in responses to questions with moving two or more times within 12 months having the lowest negative impact. When regrouped based upon SDOH negative impacts, were you able to pay your bills was the most frequent SDOH across all states. Feeling unsafe or extremely unsafe in your neighborhood was the highest negatively impacted SDOH within states. Cited determinants in three categories were highest in Ohio. Ohio also had the highest proportion of negatively impacted SDOH across all states. No money for balanced meals was a close second SDOH across states. Key messages Social Determinants Impacting Elderly Disabled. Impact of Social Determinants by Geography.

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