scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF THE DESIGN AND OPERATIONAL PARAMETERS OF PLANTER FOR VEGETABLE PIGEON PEA (CAJANUS CAJAN L. MILLSP.) SEED

2021 ◽  
pp. 326-334
Author(s):  
S. Kumar-Patel ◽  
J.B. Bhimani ◽  
B.K. Yaduvanshi ◽  
P. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Nozzle Diameter ◽  
Vacuum Pressure ◽  
Forward Speed ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Seed Spacing ◽  
Rsm Technique

Precision machinery is one of the most important technology in the recent decades in respect to judicious use of resources. In precision machinery one of the most important machine is seeding machines because it picks the seed from the hopper and individually placed in field. An effort has been made to optimize the operational (forward speed and vacuum pressure) and design (nozzle diameter) parameters of the precision seed drill. For optimizing the metering mechanism three parameters i.e. nozzle diameters: 2.00, 2.50, 3.00, 3.50 and 4.0 mm; forward speed: 0.27, 0.55, 0.83, 1.11 and 1.38 m/s and vacuum pressure: 19.33, 39.32, 43.98, 58.64 and 68.63 kPa were selected. The seed to seed spacing was 300 mm. The RSM technique was used to optimize the above parameters. The machine was evaluated on the basis performance parameters like miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index and precision. The optimum value for forward speed, vacuum pressure and the nozzle holes diameter was 0.83 m/s, 43.98 kPa and 3.50 mm, respectively. The most important variable that governs planting phenomenon for vegetable pigeon pea seed is nozzle diameter as well as vacuum pressure.

Optimization of the operational parameters of a picking-type pneumatic planter using response surface methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
SK PATEL ◽  
JB BHIMANI ◽  
P GUPTA ◽  
BK YADUVANSHI
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Vacuum Pressure ◽  
Forward Speed ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Seed Spacing ◽  
Lady’S Finger ◽  
Multiple Regression Technique ◽  
Seed Metering Device

Singulation of seeds has been investigated extensively by researchers all over the world and a large number of precision seeding systems with design variations have been developed for different crops. A picking type metering mechanism was developed at CAET, AAU, Godhra, Gujarat, India. The performance of the picking type seed-metering device of a pneumatic planter was investigated under laboratory conditions to optimize the operating parameters for lady's finger seed. The picking of single seed the three operational parameters i.e. hole diameters for the nozzle: 1.0, 1.5, 2.5 and 3.0 mm; forward speed: 0.37, 0.56, 0.83, 1.11 and 1.30 m/s and vacuum pressure: 19.33, 39.32, 43.98, 58.64 and 68.63 kPa were selected for the study. The metering system of the planter was set to place the seed to seed spacing at 300 mm. The response surface methodology (RSM) technique was used to optimize the operational parameters of a precision planter. For optimizing the forward speed, vacuum pressure and nozzle size for developed machine was evaluated by examining the miss index, multiple index, quality of feed index and precision. The data obtained in the experiments were used to develop functions in polynomial form using multiple regression technique. The optimum value was found to be around 0.96 m/s, 36.25 kPa and 2.0 mm of forward speed, vacuum pressure and the holes diameter of nozzle, respectively. The most important variable that governs planting phenomenon is the combination of hole diameter of nozzle and vacuum pressure accounts 89.18 per cent.

Optimization of operational parameters for mechanised harvesting of pigeon-pea (Cajanus cajan) with combine harvester

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baldev Dogra ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Ritu Dogra ◽  
Inderjit Singh ◽  
G.S. Manes
Keyword(s):  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Rear Side ◽  
Forward Speed ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Peripheral Speed ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Grain Damage ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Crop Parameters

Pigeon-pea is very thick and woody stem crop, therefore the harvesting and threshing of this crop is a drudgery and time consuming. At present in India pigeon-pea is harvested manually with sickle and after that the crop is left in the field in the form of heaps for 7-10 days for sun drying. After sun drying the crop is threshed with suitable thresher or beating with stick etc. Lack of mechanization of harvesting and threshing operation is one of the limitations to the increase production and productivity of pigeon-pea. Therefore, the present study was aimed at optimizing operational and crop parameters influencing the mechanized harvesting and threshing of pigeon-pea crop with combine harvester. PAU-881, AL-1856, AL-1817 and AL-1811 of extra-short duration pigeon-pea were selected for the study. The moisture content of crop and grain varied from 38 to 48% and 22 to 25% on wet basis respectively for crop varieties AL-1817 and AL-1811 and it was 48 to 53% and 24 to 27% on wet basis respectively for crop varieties PAU-881 and AL-1856. Concave clearance was kept as 16 mm at front side and 7 mm from rear side. Threshing efficiency was more than 98% at cylinder peripheral speed of 26.61 m/s and 34.85 m/s in all varieties except PAU-881. The percent grain breakage was higher for higher cylinder peripheral speed and lower for higher forward speed. The grain damage was below 1% for 23.85m/s, 26.61 m/s and 34.85 m/s cylinder peripheral speed in all crop varieties except AL-1811. The optimum values of peripheral velocity and forward speed of combine harvester harvesting pigeon-pea were 26.61 m/s and 2.0 km/h for all selected varieties.

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RESOURCE USE BY MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
S. S. BUDARIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Performance Audit ◽  
Available Resources

The article reveals methodological approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of the use of resources of medi-cal organizations in order to improve the availability and quality of medical care based on the application of the methodology of performance audit; a methodological approach to the use of individual elements of the efficiency audit methodology for evaluating the performance of medical organizations and the effectiveness of the use of available resources is proposed.

scholarly journals Baukultur, Culture and Recreation-led Economic Development: The value of developing Sundre, Alberta’s qualities of living and place

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Jonathan Allan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Economic Diversification ◽  
Economic Development Strategy ◽  
Quality Of Place ◽  
Quality Of Living

<p>What are the most important factors related to economic development? This paper explores the essential variables necessary for destination development and inward direct investment. These variables include: quality of living, quality of infrastructure, and quality of workforce. Quality of living is considered the most important of these to spur on economic development. Many business operators would rather live where they invest making quality of place an equally important variable that is intrinsically linked to quality of living. Destination development through place-building techniques, informed by the concept of <em>baukultur,</em>is assessed using quality of living, economic development and economic diversification as markers. Quality of living and quality of place are inherently connected when attracting business and growing employment, therefore, these two terms will be referred to as QLP throughout this paper..  Intended to help program and policy planners understand these concepts, this paper will explore cases of successful exercises of destination development that involve recreation and culture-oriented place building. The paper will then look at how to apply learned QLP concepts toward a culture- and recreation-led economic development strategy for the small foothills community of Sundre, Alberta. </p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>place building, quality of place, quality of living, <em>baukultur</em>, QLP, development, economic development, destination development, inward direct investment, creative class</p>

scholarly journals The Assessment of the Innovativeness of a New Medicine in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filomena Fortinguerra ◽  
Serena Perna ◽  
Roberto Marini ◽  
Alessandra Dell'Utri ◽  
Maurizio Trapanese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Process ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Orphan Drugs ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Medical Product ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Therapeutic Value

Objectives: Starting from April 2017, the Italian Medicine Agency (AIFA) has approved new criteria for defining any new medicinal product with an innovative indication. The purpose of the study is to analyze the activity of innovativeness evaluation according to the new approach, to estimate the weight of each criterion considered for innovativeness definition, and to evaluate how the new approach works in terms of consistency and reproducibility.Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the final reports evaluating the drug innovativeness assessment published on the AIFA's website between April 2017 and January 2021. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, whether the conditions were respected, or Fisher's exact test was used to explore the association between characteristics of drugs and the innovativeness status and the association between the three criteria. Profiles of the decision process and their relationship with innovativeness response were described. In order to evaluate the weight of each criterion in predicting the innovativeness status, a Classification Tree (CT) algorithm was applied.Results: Overall, of the 109 published drugs reports, 37 (33.9%) were recognized as fully innovative, 29 (26.6%) were considered conditionally innovative, while for 43 (39.4%) reports innovativeness was not recognized. Considering the three criteria of the decision process, the added therapeutic value was the only criterion statistically associated with a drug's degree of innovation (p &lt; 0.001). The therapeutic need and the quality of clinical evidence were statistically associated (p = 0.008) even if only a mild association was observed. The added therapeutic value was the most important variable in predicting the innovativeness status according to the classification tree (CT) model applied, achieving an accuracy of 89.4%. No difference was found between orphans and non-orphan drugs or oncological and non-oncological drugs.Discussion: The added therapeutic value is the most important criterion of the multidimensional approach for the innovativeness status definition of a new medical product. A mild association was found between the therapeutic need and the quality of evidence. Overall, similar decision profiles bring the same evaluation of innovativeness status, indicating a good consistency and reproducibility between decisions.

scholarly journals USING THE METHOD OF SEQUENTIAL RESTRICTIONS FOR SOLVING A DUAL-OBJECTIVE PROBLEM OF PRODUCTION PLANNING

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Dovha ◽  
◽  
Hryhorii Tsehelyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Production Plan ◽  
Optimal Production ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Maximum Profit

The processes of optimization of the production plan according to certain criteria by modeling were investigated. Achieving effective results directly depends on the optimal production plan. The most important thing in determining the optimal production plan is the choice of modeling criteria. For the most part, the quality of decisions is characterized not by one but by many incomparable criteria. Therefore, it is necessary to make decisions based not on one but on many criteria. This so-called multi-objective optimization problem. For solving such problems is widely used mathematical methods. Mathematical approach can be used to solve problems in any particular activity as mathematics abstracted from specific features characteristic of a particular solution. Therefore, from the point of view of mathematics, the optimal result can be obtained with various established criteria, but from the economic point of view it is important to choose the ones that are of decisive importance. That is, their weight is important for the consumer when making a purchase decision, and for the manufacturer – in terms of production capabilities of certain types and results (production efficiency). The basis of the operation of any enterprise is a production program (production and sales plan). The main task of the production plan is to meet the needs of consumers in high-quality products, which are produced with the best use of resources, on the one hand, and the enterprise to get the maximum profit, on the other. With this in mind, a two-criteria optimization model that allows to make a production plan was proposed. The plan ensures that products are produced with the best use of available resources and at the same time ensures maximum quality of manufactured products and maximum profit from sales of these products. The solution of the problem with two objective functions and linear constraints is achieved by step-by-step solution of the proposed mathematical model of optimization of the production plan using the method of sequential restrictions. The simplex method was also used. An example shows an algorithm for solving the optimization problem.

scholarly journals Smart cities and robotic technologies for a model of integrated growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 237-252
Author(s):  
Elena Laudante
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Human Scale ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The City

The paper focuses on the importance of robotics and artificial intelligence inside of the new urban contexts in which it is possible to consider and enhance the different dimensions of quality of life such as safety and health, environmental quality, social connection and civic participation. Smart technologies help cities to meet the new challenges of society, thus making them more livable, attractive and responsive in order to plan and to improve the city of the future. In accordance with the Agenda 2030 Program for sustainable development that intends the inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable city, the direction of growth and prosperity of urban environments is pursued by optimizing the use of resources and respecting the environment. In the current society, robotic technology is proposed as a tool for innovation and evolution in urban as well as industrial and domestic contexts. On the one hand the users-citizens who participate dynamically in the activities and on the other the new technological systems integrated in the urban fabric. Existing urban systems that are “amplified” of artificial and digital intelligence and give life to smart cities, physical places that allow new forms of coexistence between humans and robots in order to implement the level of quality of life and define “human centered” innovative solutions and services thus responding to the particular needs of people in an effective and dynamic way. The current city goes beyond the definition of smart city. In fact, as said by Carlo Ratti, it becomes a "senseable city", a city capable of feeling but also sensitive and capable of responding to citizens who define the overall performance of the city. The multidisciplinary approach through the dialogue between designers, architects, engineers and urban planners will allow to face the new challenges through the dynamics of robot integration in the urban landscape. The cities of the future, in fact, will be pervaded by autonomous driving vehicles, robotized delivery systems and light transport solutions, in response to the new concept of smart mobility, on a human scale, shared and connected mobility in order to improve management and control of the digitized and smart city. Automation at constant rates as the keystone for urban futures and new models of innovative society. Through the identification of representative case studies in the field of innovative systems it will be possible to highlight the connections between design, smart city and "urban" robotics that will synergically highlight the main "desirable" qualities of life in the city as a place of experimentation and radical transformations. In particular, parallel to the new robotic solutions and human-robot interactions, the design discipline will be responsible for designing the total experience of the user who lives in synergy with the robots, thus changing the socio-economic dynamics of the city.

scholarly journals An experimental study on the effects of swirling oxidizer flow and diameter of fuel nozzle on behaviour and light emittance of propane-oxygen non-premixed flame

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1453-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Javareshkian ◽  
Sadegh Tabejamaat ◽  
Soroush Sarrafan-Sadeghi ◽  
Mohammadreza Baigmohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Flame Length ◽  
Nozzle Diameter ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Fuel Nozzle ◽  
Flame Shape ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Blue Flame

In this study, the stability and the light emittance of non-premixed propane-oxygen flames have been experimentally evaluated with respect to swirling oxidizer flow and variations in fuel nozzle diameter. Hence, three types of the vanes with the swirl angles of 30?, 45?, and 60? have been chosen for producing the desired swirling flows. The main aims of this study are to determine the flame behaviour, light emittance, and also considering the effect of variation in fuel nozzle diameter on combustion phenomena such as flame length, flame shape, and soot free length parameter. The investigation into the flame phenomenology was comprised of variations of the oxidizer and fuel flow velocities (respective Reynolds numbers) and the fuel nozzle diameter. The results showed that the swirl effect could change the flame luminosity and this way could reduce or increase the maximum value of the flame light emittance in the combustion zone. Therefore, investigation into the flame light emittance can give a good clue for studying the mixing quality of reactants, the flame phenomenology (blue flame or sooty flame, localized extinction), and the combustion intensity in non-premixed flames.

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