scholarly journals Fruits of Crataegus submollis: study of pharmacological activity of the preparations

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
V. A Kurkin ◽  
E. N Zaitceva ◽  
O. E Pravdivtseva ◽  
A. V Kurkina ◽  
V. V Stenyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Threshold Dose ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diuretic Activity ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Excretory Function ◽  
Motion Activity ◽  
Liquid Extract ◽  
The Impact

Objectives - to perform a comparative study of the antidepressant action and diuretic activity of liquid extract and decoction of the fruits of Crataegus submollis Sarg. Material and methods. The study of the antidepressant activity was performed using the behavioral despair test. The diuretic activity of the liquid extract and decoction from the Crataegus submollis fruits at a dose of 100 pl/kg was evaluated in long-term experiments. Results. The study revealed the impact of the liquid extract of Crataegus submollis fruits, at a dose of 100 pl/kg, on the motion activity of animals: it increased by 45% if compared to the water-alcohol control group, and equivalent to comparator amitriptyline at a threshold dose of 5 mg/kg. While the diuretic activity of the the liquid extract was not registered. At the same time, the decoction of the fruits of Crataegus submollis, at a dose of 100 pl/kg, did not show antidepressant properties, when compared to water control. It was found that animals from the experimental group relative to water control had a statistically significant increase in renal excretion of water, sodium, potassium and creatinine, equivalent to comparators - furosemide at a threshold dose of 1 mg/kg (4 hours experiment), and hydrochlorothiazide at a mean therapeutic dose of 20 mg/kg (24 hours experiment). Conclusion. The liquid extract from fruits of Crataegus submollis at a dose of 100 |rl/kg showed an antidepressant effect, comparable to the effect of amitriptyline at a dose of 5 mg/kg. An expressed stimulating activity on the kidneys excretory function during the 4 and 24 hours of the experiment is characteristic of the decoction from fruits of Crataegus submollis at a dose of 100 |rl/kg. The fruits of Crataegus submollis Sarg. are promising medicinal plant raw materials.

scholarly journals Preclinical Screening of Antidepressant Activity of Formulated Sertraline Hydrochloride-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
Sachin R. Hangargekar ◽  
Pradeep K. Mohanty ◽  
Janki Prasad Rai
Keyword(s):  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Solid Lipid ◽  
Test Formulation ◽  
Sertraline Hydrochloride ◽  
Swimming Test

Objective: The main goal of our study was to investigate the antidepressant activity of Formulated Sertraline hydrochloride-loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNPs) by using a rat forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). Materials and Methods: Animals were divided into three groups, consisting of six rats in each group. Out of these,  one  group  served  as  control  that received distilled water, second group was standard received Sertraline  HCl  (20  mg/kg  intranasal)  and  third  group  was  received  test formulation (SLNPs 50 mg/kg intranasal). To assess the effect of SLNPs on immobility activity through FST and TST were used to take as a measure of antidepressant activity. Results: SLNPs reduced the immobility duration in TST as well as in FST. In both methods, there was a statistical significant decrease in immobility of SLNPs group when compared to the control group. Conclusion: The results suggested that SLNPs produced significant antidepressant effect in rats which was comparable with control group and standard Sertraline HCl group animals.

scholarly journals In Vitro 1H NMR Metabolic Profiles of Liver, Brain, and Serum in Rats After Chronic Consumption of Alcohol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya S. Pravdivtseva ◽  
Oleg B. Shevelev ◽  
Vadim V. Yanshole ◽  
Mikhail P. Moshkin ◽  
Igor V. Koptyug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

AbstractThe impact of alcohol on the body can be investigated with NMR spectroscopy in vitro, which can detect a wide range of metabolites but preparing samples includes tissue biopsy. Blood sampling is less invasive, but blood metabolic content might not reflect the changes occurring in other tissues. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the liver, brain, and serum metabolism and evaluate the link between tissues and serum metabolic content. Two experimental groups with ten outbred rats each were provided intragastrically with water (control group) and 50% ethanol solution (alcohol group) for 28 days. 1H NMR spectroscopy in vitro was performed on the brain cortex, liver, and serum samples. Student’s t test with Holm–Bonferroni correction was used to investigate significant differences between groups. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and two-way ANOVA were performed to compare liver and serum, brain and serum. In all, 38, 37, and 21 metabolites were identified in the liver, brain, and serum samples, respectively. Significant differences for three metabolites were found in the liver (alanine, proline, and glutathione, p < 0.002) and four in serum (lactate, betaine, acetate, and formic acid, p < 0.002) were detected between the control and alcohol groups. The contents of glucose, betaine, and isoleucine were correlated (r > 0.65) between serum and liver samples. PLS-DA determined separation between all tissues (p < 0.001) and between control and alcohol groups only for liver and serum (p < 0.001). Alcohol had a more substantial effect on liver and serum metabolism than on the brain.

scholarly journals The study of the Crataegus sanguinea Pall. extractsdiuretic and antidepressant action

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Kurkin ◽  
E. N. Zaitceva ◽  
T. V. Morozova ◽  
O. E. Pravdivtseva ◽  
A. V. Dubishchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Diuretic Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Liquid Extract ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Antidepressant Action

The purposeof the study is to study the urinative and antidepressant activities of liquid extracts based on flowers, shoots, leaves and fruits ofCrataegus sanguineaPall. to substantiate their use in the development and  manufacture of drugs for the complex treatment of cardiovascular diseases.Materials and methods.The comparative study of the diuretic and antidepressant activity of liquid extracts based on leaves, flowers, shoots and fruits Crataegus sanguinea was conducted. The liquid extracts were obtained on the basis of dried leaves, flowers, shoots and fruits of Crataegus sanguinea. All liquid extracts were obtained in the ratio “raw – extractant” 1 : 1, in all cases the extracting agent was ethyl alcohol 70%. The studies were conducted using outbred white rats of both sexes. All preparations were examined in a dose of 100 μl/kg. The diuretic activity of Crataegus sanguineaof liquid extracts in chronic experiments was determined, 4 h and 24 h portions of urine were collected. The antidepressant activity was tested using the “Desperation” testResults.During the experiment, the diuretic activity of the liquid extract Crataegus sanguinea, as well as the antidepressant activity of liquid extracts of Crataegus sanguinea, shoots and fruits were revealed. Conclusion. Crataegus sanguinea preparations have complex nephrotropic and neurotropic action and can be recommended for use in the cardiovascular pathology treatment.

scholarly journals Differential effects of sodium chloride and monosodium glutamate on kidney of adult and aging mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Celestino ◽  
Valeria Balmaceda Valdez ◽  
Paola Brun ◽  
Ignazio Castagliuolo ◽  
Carla Mucignat-Caretta
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Old Mice

AbstractMonosodium Glutamate (MSG) is used as flavour enhancer, with potential beneficial effects due to its nutritional value. Given the decline in kidney functions during aging, we investigated the impact of MSG voluntary intake on the kidney of male mice, aged 6 or 18 months. For 2 months, they freely consumed water (control group), sodium chloride (0.3% NaCl) or MSG (1% MSG) in addition to standard diet. Young animals consuming sodium chloride presented signs of proteinuria, hyperfiltration, enhanced expression and excretion of Aquaporin 2 and initial degenerative reactions suggestive of fibrosis, while MSG-consuming mice were similar to controls. In old mice, aging-related effects including proteinuria and increased renal corpuscle volume were observed in all groups. At an advanced age, MSG caused no adverse effects on the kidney compared to controls, despite the presence of a sodium moiety, similar to sodium chloride. These data show that prolonged MSG intake in mice has less impact on kidney compared to sodium chloride, that already in young animals induced some effects on kidney, possibly related to hypertension.

scholarly journals NEUROTROPIC AND DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF THICK EXTRACT OF THE BLOOD-RED HAWTHORN’S FRUITS

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Kurkin ◽  
A. V. Kurkina ◽  
Ye. N. Zaitseva ◽  
A. V. Dubishchev ◽  
O. Ye. Pravdivtseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Neurotropic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diuretic Activity ◽  
Water Load ◽  
White Rats

Blood-red hawthorn (Crataegi fructus) are a popular cardiotonic herbal materials, which widely used in medical practice in our country and abroad. In order to prevent diseases of the cardiovascular system is appropriate to prescribe herbal medicines, because they combine the breadth and softness of therapeutic action, along with the absence of a significant number of side effects and contraindications.The purpose was to study diuretic and antidepressant activity of thick fruit extract of blood-red hawthorn.Material and methods. Under laboratory conditions we obtained a thick extract of blood-red hawthorn fruits. This phytopharmaceutical was studied by us for any diuretic and antidepressant activity. Investiga- tions were carried out on white rats of both sexes weighing 200–220 g. Each experimental group consist- ed of ten animals. Study drug was administered intragastrically by stomach tube. Control in both cases served as purified water. For determination of diuretic activity, we used a thick extract of hawthorn fruits in a dose of 20 mg/kg against the background of the water load in the amount of 3% of body weight of the animal. Reference preparation was chosen dichlorthiazid 20 mg/kg. It was administered once. After ad- ministration the animals were placed in metabolic cages for urine collection for 24 hours. The study de- termined diuresis, natriuresis, kaliuresis, and kreatininuresis for 4 h and 24 h of the experiment. On the day of the experiment the animals of the control group was administered water load of 3%, and experi- enced – intragastrically drug in an identical amount. Animals were placed in a metabolic cage for a day. Collected 4 h and 24-h urine sample. Determined by renal excretion of water was recorded concentration of sodium and potassium by flame photometry in the fiery liquid analyzer PAG-1, creatinine – colorimet- ric method for photocolorimeter CFC-3. For determining antidepressant activity we used a thick hawthorn extract in a dose of 25 mg/kg of animal body weight. As a synthetic drug comparisons, we used amitriptilin 5 mg/g.Results. It was found that the thick extract of fruits of blood red hawthorn in a dose of 20 mg/kg for 24 hours increases the diuresis experiment, both by increasing the glomerular filtration rate and by lowering tubular reabsorption. For thick extract of fruits of hawthorn blood-red characteristic expression antide- pressant activity.Conclusion. The studied preparation of blood-red hawthorn’s fruits have properties to provide complex nephrotropic and neurotropic activity on the living organism.

scholarly journals Complex effect of caffeine and dioxidine on behavioral responses in mice in Porsolt test

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-324
Author(s):  
N. A. Durnova ◽  
A. Yu. Karetnikova ◽  
D. S. Isaev ◽  
A. R. Klantsataya ◽  
A. S. Sheremetyeva
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Porsolt Test ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Combined Administration ◽  
Active Swimming ◽  
Experiment Duration

Relevance. In light of the popularization of the use of caffeine-containing products, the question of the combined use of caffeine with substances exhibiting a toxic effect remains open. The doses of caffeine, which have a pronounced antidepressant effect, are also insufficiently studied. The aim of the study was to study the effect of repeated administration of caffeine and dioxidine on the behavioral responses of mice in the Porsolt test. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out on 36 outbred male mice, divided into 6 groups. Experimental groups for 15 days of the study received caffeine at a dose of 40 mg/kg (first) or 100 mg/kg (second), dioxidine at a dose of 200 mg/kg (third), together with caffeine 40 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg, and dioxidine (fourth and fifth groups, respectively). The animals of the control group were injected with saline. To study the behavior, the Porsolt test was carried out, evaluating the following indicators on the 1st, 8th and 15th days of the experiment: the total time of immobilization, active swimming, climb, the number of grooming and shaking off acts. Results . The administration of caffeine at a dose of 40 mg/kg caused an increase in the time of active swimming and a decrease in the duration of immobilization on the 8th and 15th days. When caffeine was used at a dose of 100 mg/kg, an increase in the time of active swimming was noted with a single exposure, with an experiment duration of 8-15 days, an increase in the duration of immobilization was observed. Dioxidine caused a significant decrease in the time of active swimming and an increase in the duration of immobilization during all days of the experiment. The combined use of caffeine (40 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) and dioxidine on the 1st day led to a decrease in immobilization and the time of active swimming. In both groups, 100 % animal mortality was observed by the 15th day. Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the presence of an antidepressant effect in caffeine at a dose of 40 mg/kg on the 8th and 15th days of the experiment and the absence of this effect in caffeine at a dose of 100 mg/kg with a duration of administration of 8-15 days. The use of dioxidine led to the absence of antidepressant activity and the presence of the opposite effect. The combined administration of caffeine (40 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) and dioxidine led to 100 % mortality in the experimental groups by the 15th day of the experiment

scholarly journals Antidepressant like activity of Buspirone but not ondensetron in combination with Fluoxetine or Desipramine in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 621
Author(s):  
Veena Verma ◽  
Biswadeep Banerjee ◽  
Ashish K. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Sucrose Consumption ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Immobility Period

Background: The involvement of one or more 5-HT receptor sub-types in the pathophysiology of depression is still unclear. The study was performed to investigate the effect of ondansetron and buspirone on depression, and their interaction with fluoxetine or desipramine.Methods: The mice were administered ondansetron, buspirone alone and in combinations with fluoxetine or desipramine for 21 days, and the antidepressant effect was assessed by the immobility period and the sucrose consumption, on the tail suspension test (TST) and the chronic mild stress (CMS) models, respectively.Results: Both ondansetron and buspirone when given alone demonstrated slight non-significant decrease in the immobility time. Ondensetron when given in combination with fluoxetine (10 mg/kg; i.p.) and desipramine (15 mg/kg; i.p.), showed significant decrease in immobility time in comparison to the control group only. On the other hand, both the combinations of buspirone, either with fluoxetine or desipramine showed significant decrease in the immobility time when compared to the respective group. In CMS, the fluoxetine, desipramine, ondansetron, and buspirone showed gradual increase in the sucrose consumption, at the end of 4th, 5th, and 6th week, but the significant effect was observed only at the end of 6th week, as compared to the control. The combination of buspirone with desipramine but not with fluoxetine showed significant increase in sucrose consumption when compared to respective group.Conclusions: Therefore, the study indicates that both buspirone and ondansetron have a potential antidepressant like action, although buspirone has shown better antidepressant activity than ondansetron as observed in various combination groups.

Information and Communication Technology and Cultural Change

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Hansen ◽  
Tom Postmes ◽  
Nikita van der Vinne ◽  
Wendy van Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ict For Development ◽  
Practical Implications

This paper studies whether and how information and communication technology (ICT) changes self-construal and cultural values in a developing country. Ethiopian children were given laptops in the context of an ICT for development scheme. We compared children who used laptops (n = 69) with a control group without laptops (n = 76) and a second control group of children whose laptop had broken down (n = 24). Results confirmed that after 1 year of laptop usage, the children’s self-concept had become more independent and children endorsed individualist values more strongly. Interestingly, the impact of laptop usage on cultural values was mediated by self-construal (moderated mediation). Importantly, modernization did not “crowd out” traditional culture: ICT usage was not associated with a reduction in traditional expressions (interdependent self-construal, collectivist values). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

A Newspaper’s Effect on the Strength of Automatic Associations in Memory

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implicit Measure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Automatic Associations ◽  
Foreign Nationality ◽  
The Impact

A test was done to see if reading a newspaper which consistently overrepresents foreigners as criminals strengthens the automatic association between foreign country and criminal in memory (i.e., implicit cultivation). Further, an investigation was done to find out if reading articles from the same newspaper produces a short-term effect on the same measure and if (1) emotionalization of the newspaper texts, (2) emotional reactions of the reader (indicated by arousal), and (3) attributed text credibility moderate the short-term treatment effect. Eighty-five participants were assigned to one of three experimental conditions. Participants in the control group received short factual crime texts, where the nationality of the offender was not mentioned. Participants in the factual treatment group received the same texts, but the foreign nationality was mentioned. Participants in the emotionalized treatment group received emotionalized articles (i.e., texts which are high in vividness and frequency) covering the same crimes, with the foreign nationality mentioned. Supporting empirical evidence for implicit cultivation and a short-term effect was found. However, only emotionalized articles produced a short-term effect on the strength of the automatic association, indicating that newspaper texts must have a minimum of stimulus intensity to overcome an effect threshold. There were no moderating effects of arousal or credibility pertaining to the impact on the implicit measure. However, credibility moderated the short-term effect on a first-order judgment (i.e., estimated frequency of foreigners of all criminals). This indicates that a newspaper’s effect on the strength of automatic associations is relatively independent from processes of propositional reasoning.

Impact of an educative program on dialysis patients’ knowledge and mental health: controlled before and after program

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 20204
Author(s):  
Laetitia Idier ◽  
Aurélie Untas ◽  
Nicole Rascle ◽  
Michèle Koleck ◽  
Maider Aguirrezabal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Emotional Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction:Psychological impact of Therapeutic Patient Education (TPE) for dialysis patients is rarely evaluated since the focus of many studies is on medical variables (i.e., adherence).Objectives:The aims of this study were: 1) to estimate the impact of a TPE program on knowledge, depression and anxiety, 2) to examine change in knowledge as a mediator of the effects of a TPE program on mental health.Method:This study was conducted in three hemodialysis units and comprised two groups: an experimental group with education and a control group with routine care. The program was based of 5 educative sessions. Knowledge, depressive and anxious symptoms were assessed with self-reported outcomes measured before and 3 months after the program.Results:The sample comprised 125 patients. Knowledge about vascular access and nutrition (p < 0.01) and depressive symptoms increased in the experimental group (p < 0.01). Analysis of mediation showed that changes in knowledge about vascular access were a significant mediator of the effects of the program on depressive symptoms (F = 4.90;p = 0.01).Discussion:Knowledge acquired during an educational program could lead to an emotional change. Improving knowledge often leads to an awareness of the risks that can modify the psychological state of patients by reminding them of their vulnerability. This study shows that it is required to be attentive to the way of transmitting knowledge. It’s necessary adapting this transmission to the needs of patients and promoting the acquisition of psychosocial competence too.Conclusion:This study shows that knowledge acquired during an educational program can lead to an emotional change in the short term. A long-term follow-up of the population should be interesting to observe these emotional effects.

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