scholarly journals Flood Monitoring and Warning Systems: A Brief Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-156
Author(s):  
Muhammad Izzat Zakaria ◽  
Waheb A. Jabbar
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Flood Monitoring ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Canals ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Flood Prone Areas

Floods and excessive rainfall are unavoidable phenomena that can cause massive loss of people's lives and destruction of infrastructure. Flash floods rise rapidly in flood-prone areas, resulting in property damage, but the impact on human lives is relatively preventable by the presence of monitoring systems. Although there are many systems widely in practice by disaster management agencies in monitoring flood levels, most of these systems are limited range and sophisticated to be used and maintained. Furthermore, in most developing countries, the conventional flood gates in water canals are manually operated and suffer from the lack of real-time monitoring of water levels, leading to an overflow in the channels and flash floods. On top of that, the lacking accurate data analysis in the system that can be accessed is one of the limitations of the conventional flood monitoring and warning systems (FMWS). Therefore, in this paper, we have explored and reviewed the existing methods of flood monitoring and emphasizing their structure and sensing techniques. We have also classified and compared their advantages and limitations and accordingly suggested new solutions and improvements by utilizing new technologies based on the Internet of Things. This paper introduces a detailed mini-review of sensing methods in the existing flood systems as reported in previous studies to serve as a quick guide to researchers who are engaging in this field. Based on the review, conclusions have been drawn.

scholarly journals Sustainable Supply Chains with Blockchain, IoT and RFID: A Simulation on Order Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6372
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Varriale ◽  
Antonello Cammarano ◽  
Francesca Michelino ◽  
Mauro Caputo
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Sustainable Supply Chains ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Order Management ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The digital transformation of supply chains should revolutionize entire management processes and improve various aspects of sustainability. In particular, the plans of Industry 4.0 aim towards a digitization of several procedures by exploiting emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things, RFID and blockchain. The purpose of this study is to highlight how order and disruption events processes can be improved with the adoption of emerging technologies and how this reflects on the improvement of sustainability aspects. The study is based on the comparison of two simulation scenarios between three actors in the cheese supply chain. In particular, a first traditional scenario “as is” is simulated without the use of new technologies and is compared to a second scenario “to be” that adopts IoT, RFID and blockchain. The results show an improvement in time performance for managing both perfect and non-compliant orders. The developed framework highlights the impact of new technologies on sustainability aspects, showing further managerial implications.

scholarly journals Digital Technologies in the Process of Virtualization of Consumer Behaviour – Awareness of New Technologies

Management ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Kaczorowska-Spychalska
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Production Logistics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Summary Digital resolution is currently one of the most important forces determining changes and their dynamics in the social, cultural and economic dimension. Digital technologies such as the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence will, according to Gartner’s Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies 2017, play an increasingly important role while creating a new quality of the market space. Yet, these are multidimensional issues whose potential should be considered both, from the perspective of enterprises that create and/or adapt such technologies in their production, logistics or sale processes as well as in consumer perspective taking into account a degree of awareness, interest and fascination of potential buyers, users with such devices and solutions. This is determined by dualism of approach to digital technologies (economic approach vs. humanistic approach) and evaluation of their potential benefits and threats. It seems, however, that virtualization of consumer behaviour as a consequence of impact of technologies such as the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence, can at the same time be a significant driving force of further processes of digitalization, its dimensions and dynamics. The article attempts to identify the impact of digital technologies (IoT and AI) on attitudes, preferences and decisions of consumers and presented discussion was based on the results of own studies in the analysed area.

Flash Floods - Preventable Wrath of Water

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Sanga
Keyword(s):  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
School Level ◽  
Science Center ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

<p>For sustainable future I plan various activities, workshops, local IIT visit, Planetarium and Science center visits, arrange film screening, simulation exercises, Virtual trips, quizzes on various topics and map work, independent research for better understanding, conducting observations and finding out answers/reasons for their findings. The very purpose is to broaden their horizons and make them global citizens. According to me a class can be how the teacher wants it. If you have compassion and if you are passionate about your work then most of the work is done. While teaching Science, I always try to correlate things with day-to-day life and make students reaffirm their accumulated knowledge through nature’s very own perspective.</p><p> </p><p>One of my favorite topics is Water in our ecosystem. Today, as we all are aware of, sea levels are rising across the world due to global warming and glacial melting as a result thereof. Yet another catastrophic form of the wrath expressed by nature is in form of Flash Floods. It is a rapid flooding and an almost sudden surge in water levels within a few hours or, at times, minutes of the rainfall that causes a catastrophic loss of life and material wealth. Instances of these flash floods are increasing in number and intensity, not only in India but every elsewhere of the world. The question here is, that was it inevitable or could we have done something to prevent these. However, since the times can’t be averted, there is no use of crying over the milk that we have spilt ourselves. The spotlight today should be on ways of preventing these self-invented calamities. Since there is no ‘Undo’ button in life, it calls for some out of the box thinking and putting self-restraints on some deep-rooted human habits, to be able to set aside these ill effects our past misdeeds.</p><p> </p><p>The vast amount of water, which comprises our oceans, plays a crucial role in stabilizing the climate, making our earth’s atmosphere hospitable for human life. Land which is closer to the ocean is subject to more frequent shifts in weather, however, water acts as an environmental shock absorber.</p><p> </p><p>Teaching Earth Sciences at middle school level is an opportunity to make projects on Flash floods and carry it out by complex analysis of the rain gauge, geological, geophysical, predictive, diagnostic, descriptive and geodetic information available.</p><p> </p><p>Students work in small groups of 4-5 and find out information about local weather and climatic conditions, together with the river basin geography and geology as part of computer-generated models to simulate combinations of conditions to see the impact on water level. What they learn is applied to the design of data structures to control flood waters. They also find out about disastrous flash floods, lists and map them out, by year or by location. It’s involves a multidisciplinary approach as they write a report on it in their language subjects (Hindi and English), find the ways to control it (Science), location, mapping and affected area (Geography).</p>

scholarly journals A geospatial approach to flash flood hazard mapping in the city of Warangal, Telangana, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Aneesha Satya Bandi ◽  
Shashi Meshapam ◽  
Pratap Deva
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Dense urbanization leading to uncontrolled transformations within settlements result in flash flooding with overflowing drains leading to a greater inconvenience for the public and damage to private properties. Hence mapping of flash floods would be useful in identifying the high-risk flood zones for disaster response and urban services, during emergencies with rainfall events of high intensity. This article aims to prepare a flood hazard map of Warangal Municipal Corporation (WMC) in Telangana State, India. WMC is chronically affected due to a rise in water levels resulting in flash floods, with an increase in encroachments. The factors considered in this study are rainfall (curve number), surface slope and surface roughness, type of soil, and distance to main channel, drainage density, and land use cover. To decide the relative weight of the impact of each flood causative factors an Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) was used. Accordingly, a composite Flood Hazard Index (FHI) has been derived by using the multiple-criteria decision-making tools by integrating these into a Geographical Information System (GIS). The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in Quantum GIS (QGIS), which is a hydrological model, was used to evaluate the projection of streamflow over the water basin and model parameters were optimized using water balance equations during calibration and validation periods.

scholarly journals Study on Glacial Tourism Exploitation in the Dagu Glacier Scenic Spot Based on the AHP–ASEB Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2614
Author(s):  
Weibing Sun ◽  
Fu Zhang ◽  
Shuya Tai ◽  
Jinkui Wu ◽  
Yaqiong Mu
Keyword(s):  
Perspective Taking ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
West China ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
Winter Tourism ◽  
Activity Setting ◽  
Scenic Spot ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Due to the impact of COVID-19, people’s demand for non-contact tourism is increasing. The development of Internet technologies such as the Internet of Things, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) can meet this demand. Internet technology makes non-contact tourism grow. However, these new technologies are emerging only within application cases, which cannot provide comprehensive methodological guidance for tourism suppliers. Despite the booming development of winter tourism in China, there are still many problems, especially affecting the tourist experience.rarchy process (AHP) and activity, setting, experience and benefit (ASEB) grid analysis were used to analyze the activities, settings, experiences and benefits of the scenic spot from the tourist perspective taking the Dagu Glacier Scenic Spot (DGSS) as an example. The research aims to increase the attraction of the scenic zone, and promote the coordinated and sustainable development of business in West China under the goal of improving tourists’ experiences. The results show that: subgoals of experience (E) and benefit (B) are the main directions of the development of ice and snow tourism in the DGSS. Furthermore, the threat of benefits (TB), the threat of setting (TS), the threat of experience (TE), the opportunities of benefits (OB), the opportunities of setting (OS), and the opportunities of experience (OE) are the main concerns.

Is technological change a devourer of jobs?

2017 ◽  
pp. 111-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kapeliushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Employment Effects ◽  
Technological Unemployment ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Task Sets ◽  
The Impact

The paper provides a critical analysis of the idea of technological unemployment. The overview of the existing literature on the employment effects of technological change shows that on the micro-level there exists strong and positive relationship between innovations and employment growth in firms; on the sectoral level this correlation becomes ambiguous; on the macro-level the impact of new technologies seems to be positive or neutral. This implies that fears of explosive growth of technological unemployment in the foreseeable future are exaggerated. Our analysis further suggests that new technologies affect mostly the structure of employment rather than its level. Additionally we argue that automation and digitalisation would change mostly task sets within particular occupations rather than distribution of workers by occupations.

New Technologies to Combat Herbicide Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-92
Author(s):  
Rob Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
The Uk

Herbicide resistance in problem weeds is now a major threat to global food production, being particularly widespread in wild grasses affecting cereal crops. In the UK, black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides) holds the title of number one agronomic problem in winter wheat, with the loss of production associated with herbicide resistance now estimated to cost the farming sector at least £0.5 billion p.a. Black-grass presents us with many of the characteristic traits of a problem weed; being highly competitive, genetically diverse and obligately out-crossing, with a growth habit that matches winter wheat. With the UK’s limited arable crop rotations and the reliance on the repeated use of a very limited range of selective herbicides we have been continuously performing a classic Darwinian selection for resistance traits in weeds that possess great genetic diversity and plasticity in their growth habits. The result has been inevitable; the steady rise of herbicide resistance across the UK, which now affects over 2.1 million hectares of some of our best arable land. Once the resistance genie is out of the bottle, it has proven difficult to prevent its establishment and spread. With the selective herbicide option being no longer effective, the options are to revert to cultural control; changing rotations and cover crops, manual rogueing of weeds, deep ploughing and chemical mulching with total herbicides such as glyphosate. While new precision weeding technologies are being developed, their cost and scalability in arable farming remains unproven. As an agricultural scientist who has spent a working lifetime researching selective weed control, we seem to be giving up on a technology that has been a foundation stone of the green revolution. For me it begs the question, are we really unable to use modern chemical and biological technology to counter resistance? I would argue the answer to that question is most patently no; solutions are around the corner if we choose to develop them.

The Impact of Emerging Technologies on the Law of Armed Conflict

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Law Of Armed Conflict ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Impact

Emerging technologies have always played an important role in armed conflict. From the crossbow to cyber capabilities, technology that could be weaponized to create an advantage over an adversary has inevitably found its way into military arsenals for use in armed conflict. The weaponization of emerging technologies, however, raises challenging legal issues with respect to the law of armed conflict. As States continue to develop and exploit new technologies, how will the law of armed conflict address the use of these technologies on the battlefield? Is existing law sufficient to regulate new technologies, such as cyber capabilities, autonomous weapons systems, and artificial intelligence? Have emerging technologies fundamentally altered the way we should understand concepts such as law-of-war precautions and the principle of distinction? How can we ensure compliance and accountability in light of technological advancement? This book explores these critical questions while highlighting the legal challenges—and opportunities—presented by the use of emerging technologies on the battlefield.

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