scholarly journals Methodological reconstruction of system-thought-activity approach to understanding consciousness

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (83) ◽  
pp. 5-35
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Furman

The goal of the proposed study is a radical reorganization on a cyclical-deed basis of the stages of the historical formation of methodological concept of consciousness in the theory of activity and STA(system-thought-activity)-methodology as a well-known domestic philosophical trend of the second half of the XX century. (G.P. Shchedrovitsky and his school). The process of updating the principles and norms of the STA-approach to understanding the category and mechanism of consciousness became possible due to metatheoretical guidance in its interpretation as an attributive invariant-way of human existence in interpenetration and unity of its modalities such as noumenal and phenomenal, transcendent and immanent, unknowable and cognizable, speechless and speechful, indefinite (unnamed) and signified (named). To solve this supertask, three search steps were performed, which reveal as the author’s vision of the problematic context of philosophical methodologization in working with consciousness and the main modes of its comprehension (consciousness-phenomenon, consciousness-noumen, consciousness-category, conscious experience, consciousness of being) in the format of integral directions of philosophy development (ontology, metaphysics, phenomenology, polymethodology), as well as principles, conditions and features of system-thought-activity ideas about consciousness as a conceptual means of methodological work and intellectual basis and, at the same time a resource of collective and individual thinking activity. First of all, starting from the reasoned distinction of two research strategies of cognition-construction of reality (scientific-natural and metaphysical), which form essentially different ontological pictures of consciousness, it is concluded about the extensiveness and even deadlock of the first and heuristics and productivity of the second. The last one requires not only the critical-reflexive usage of the existing scope of philosophical knowledge, but also the implementation of competent philosophical methodologization on the way to creating a metatheory of consciousness. In fact, such work, within the defined range of goals and tasks and carried out in the format of this study: according to the principle of quintessence, the optimal number of modes of consciousness understanding is singled out, where each of them is subject to meta-description by definition, essential features and functional characteristics, and constructed a fivefold thought-scheme, which in the post-non-classical style mutually reconciles these understanding modes. In the main part of the semantic metaconsideration of the raised methodological issues it is proved that the cultural achievements of STA-methodology in comprehension of the resource potential of human consciousness are unique, firstly, considering the departure of its representatives from the scientific-subject consideration of the phenomenon of consciousness, and the implementation of a purely methodological approach, secondly, considering the peculiarities of their advocated way of using the category of consciousness, namely as a conceptual means, thought-toolkit. Yes, there is every reason to believe that G.P. Shchedrovitskiy and his circle members carried out a full-fledged act of collective thinking activity, particularly in joint understanding work with the sphere of consciousness, which we reconstructed at the stages of canonical thinking-deed: 1) s i t u a t i o n a l stage – conceptual and categorical elaboration of the problem of consciousness is carried out on the achievements of logic, and later methodology, with their main subject – thinking and setting for the creation of its content-genetic theory by means of activity approach; 2) m o t i v a t i o n a l – consciousness, starting from the generalizations of the cultural-historical theory of the development of higher psychic functions of L.S. Vygotskiy, was comprehenced as an intellectual means of domestication and socialization of the person through the mastery of signs as an instrument of determining influence of intersubjective cooperation with others as opposed to the secondary value of knowledge, the functionalities of consciousness; 3) a c t i o n – a wide sign-instrumental use of the concept and category of consciousness in collective and individual thinking activity, especially in such conceptual organizations as “scoreboard of consciousness”(the flow of consciousness, which is intended for both objective actions and on knowledge), “mechanisms of consciousness” (generate thinking in sensual form as images or objective perceptions, or sign form), “pure consciousness” (spontaneous, meaningless, unstructured, self-causal – independent of the experience of sensual perception, from the action of any empiricism), “organized consciousness” (rhythmically balanced in functioning, filled with psychocultural formations, although not durable, fluid, requires considerable internal (motivational, intellectual, volitional, etc.) efforts of the person for its maintenance, harmonization of all available material which has got to its spherical flow of life), herewith pure consciousness, organizing, loses its spontaneity, is freed; 4) a f t e r-a c t i o n – substantiation of reflexivity as one of the main determinants of the cooperation effectiveness of several acts of activity, and at the same time maturity and perfection of consciousness; reflection is responsible for the organization of consciousness, which, however, itself structurally determines the reality of reflection; only in the reflexively enriched, thought-communicative organizational space of methodological seminars and sessions, organizational and organizational-action games do the functionalities of consciousness find their sign-semantic shelter, witness settlement (primarily in texts, formulas, schemes, models, drawings).

Author(s):  
Stefania Mosiuk ◽  
Igor Mosiuk ◽  
Vladimir Mosiuk

The purpose of the article is to analyze and substantiate the development of tourism business in Ukraine as a priority component of the national economy. The methodology of this study is to use analytical, spatial, geographical, cultural and other methods. This methodological approach provided an opportunity to carry out a complete analysis of the state of the tourism industry of the state and to draw some conclusions.The scientific novelty lies in the coverage of the real and potential resource potential for the development of the recreational and tourism sphere in Ukraine, detailing the measures for the country ‘s entry into the world tourist market. Conclusions. Analyzing the state and prospects of tourism business development in Ukraine, it should be noted that this industry is one of the priority areas for improving the economy of the country. Historical, cultural – ethnographic, gastronomic, sanatorium and resort potentials of the country will lead the country into world leaders of the tourism industry when creating favorable conditions for investment and proper marketing.


2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 04003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Chupyr ◽  
Liudmyla Kalinichenko ◽  
Olena Sychova ◽  
Yevgeniy Burlaka

This scientific paper presents a methodological approach to optimizing the planning process based on the analysis of existing scientific recommendations on this issue with the development of the resource potential of rail transport enterprises. The proposed method allows more accurately diagnosing of bottlenecks in the management of the resource potential of enterprises in the railway industry, which, in turn, allows us to choose more adequate measures for the development of resource potential.


2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Fernández-Götz

The possibility of exploring ethnic identities in past societies constitutes one of the most controversial fields of archaeological research. However, the reassessment of the conceptualization of ethnicity in the human sciences and the increasing transference of these theories to archaeological research is helping to develop new analytical frameworks for the study of this problematic subject. From this perspective, the aim of this paper is to attempt a theoretical and methodological approach to the complex relationships between ethnic identity and material remains from the standpoint of Iron Age studies, showing both the possibilities and difficulties of archaeological research on ethnicity. For this period, the incipient availability of written evidence allows the development of new interdisciplinary research strategies. Finally, an introduction to practical work in this field is presented, specifically focusing on two case studies: Ruiz Zapatero and Álvarez-Sanchís' approach to the identity of the Vettones of the central Iberian Peninsula, and the author's own work on the Late Iron Age sanctuaries of the Middle Rhine-Moselle region.


2021 ◽  
pp. 123-152
Author(s):  
Elke Hersch Glass

El propósito de ese trabajo se centra en identificar los principales fundamentos condicionantes de la demanda y de la oferta en el turismo de salud sobre la base de la teoría de sistemas. Además, se lleva a cabo un análisis empírico del turismo médico, turismo wellness y turismo medical wellness de la provincia de Alicante desde este enfoque. Metodológicamente el trabajo se fundamenta en una tarea de sistematización de la bibliografía anglo-germánica existente sobre el tema y no traducida al español. La relevancia de este artículo la constituye la novedad de su enfoque metodológico y su aplicación sobre el turismo de salud, así como su aplicación a un espacio turístico consolidado, como es la provincia de Alicante, donde esta modalidad está implantada y viene funcionando desde hace décadas. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main determinants conditioning supply and demand in health tourism based on systems theory. An empirical analysis of medical tourism, wellness tourism and medical wellness tourism in the Province of Alicante is carried out, applying the aforementioned approach. Methodologically, the work is based on the task to systematize the existing Anglo-German literature on the subject that has not been translated into Spanish. The relevance of this article lies in the novelty of the methodological approach and its application to health tourism as well as its application to a consolidated tourist area, such as the Province of Alicante, where this modality is established and has been working for decades.


Author(s):  
Svetlana Lisienko

The article describes the effectiveness of commercial fishing as a biotechnological production process dependent on opening up the resource potential of multi-species fishing systems - fishing zones in fishery basins – by fishing vessels. Currently, the science-based approach to developing such systems with intra-production subsystems is not formed. All processes occurring in the systems are logistic, and the system as a whole is a complex industrial system. An assessment of its efficiency or inefficiency should be made in terms of the use of fishery resources, including production resources and the resource base of fishing, while the minimization of costs (expenses) at all stages of the production and technological process should be the assessment criterion. The process of studying and developing fishing organization schemes including intra-system flow (logistic) processes is carried out in several stages, the result being the improved organizational schemes with the distribution of a group of fishing units in the object-oriented fishing zones working in optimal forms of fishing organization. Taking the Far Eastern sardine (Iwashi) fishing in the South Kuril zone as an example, a multifactorial analysis and accounting of the entire composition of restrictions, conditions, the nature of each component, their influence at each stage of the movement of material flows in the industrial logistic system functioning in the fishing zone was carried out. The design of end-to-end material-conducting circuits and schemes of fishing activities has been carried out. The logistic approach to the processes and systems of commercial fishing used in the design process is a universal scientifically grounded research method and a methodological approach to the design of complex fishing systems.


Author(s):  
S.P. Kirilchuk ◽  
A.S. Muzyka

For the successful implementation of the stage of investing in the tourism industry, regional authorities should be aware of the current state of the relevant tourism resources, their attractiveness and the level of tourist demand. All these aspects are inextricably linked with the resource potential of tourism in the region. The article presents the results of developing a new methodological model for assessing the resource potential of tourism in relation to the Crimean region. The proposed methodological approach is a five-stage decomposition analysis scheme based on the weighted sum model, ranking and scaling methods for the quantitative assessment of selected attributes with the subsequent clustering of tourist areas. The advantages of this model are simplicity and reliability, provided that qualitative and quantitative data are used and the availability of individual statistical gaps is limited.


Author(s):  
Bettina Dausien ◽  
Peter Alheit

The concept of biography plays multiple roles in educational sciences: as a theoretical perspective, as a methodological approach to empirical research, and as a point of reference for pedagogical practice. In the social and educational sciences, biography is theoretically conceptualized as a highly complex social construction that is closely related to the rise of modern societies. As a social institution, biography (or the “life-course”) organizes the social integration and socialization of individuals throughout the social changes in their life span. Biography also provides a cultural “schema” for the presentation and reflection of the self and the other; telling one’s life story is seen from this perspective as a mode of constructing one’s identity. Biography and education are closely reated. The theme of biography has been addressed by German pedagogy ever since its historical beginnings in the late 18th century. The discovery of the autonomous, educated, middle-class subject is rooted in that interest in biography, which also shaped the process of “biographization” of the lower social strata a century later. At the beginning of the 20th century, emergent concepts of biographical research were elaborated in various social scientific fields to investigate the dynamics and upheavals of modern societies on the basis of life histories. The postmodern criticism of the “subject,” and its instrumentalization by “governmentality” toward the end of the 20th century, has had a lasting influence on educational science as well as on biographical research, resulting in a self-reflecting turn in which basic assumptions and concepts are analyzed and “deconstructed.” There are several key problems and research perspectives in various subdisciplines of educational science in German-speaking countries, such as general educational theory, historical educational research, adult education, social pedagogy, and methodological debates on research strategies.


Author(s):  
Jason Glynos ◽  
David Howarth ◽  
Ryan Flitcroft ◽  
Craig Love ◽  
Konstantinos Roussos ◽  
...  

Abstract Logics of Critical Explanation proposed a methodological approach that could render the insights of Poststructuralist Discourse Theory (PDT) and post-Marxist political theory more conducive to critical empirical research. It also offered a language with which to counter positivist tendencies to colonize the space of methods and research strategies, showing how PDT could facilitate both explanatory and critical endeavours. Since its publication in 2007, a number of studies have applied the logics framework to empirical cases, while critically engaging with its methodological and theoretical arguments. The main purpose of this article is to evaluate some of these developments, and to set out some future challenges faced by this research programme.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Chupyr ◽  
◽  
Yevhenii Burlaka ◽  

This article develops a methodological approach to assess the level of resource potential of railway enterprises, which is based on the use of hierarchy analysis to determine the share of each component of resource potential and verbal-Harrington scale to unambiguously interpret the valuesof the integrated indicator. The technique consists of seven stages, the sequence of which is presented in the diagram. One of the key stages is the development of a system of partial indicators to assess the level of development of the resource potential of the enterprise. The scientific work uses such mathematical methods as: rationing of indicators, determining the share of partial indicators to assess the level of development of resource potential by the method of T. Saati, calculating the level of agreement of experts and others. The calculation of the integrated indicator is based on the calculation of four main components of resource potential: material, labor, financial and information. The three-level hierarchical scheme of the problem of the method of analysis of hierarchies is presented, which includes the general goal – development of the railway transport enterprise, criteria – the purposes of development of resource potential of the railway transport enterprise (safety, quality of service, environmental friendliness, cost reduction and infrastructure development) and alternatives – types of enterprise resources (material, labor, financial, information). The presented methodological approach is a sensitive mathematical apparatus for assessing the level of resource potential development, with which the management of railway transport enterprises can obtain more objective information about the state of resource potential development and make effective management decisions, primarily on enterprise resource planning. The article presents the results of calculations of the level of development of resource potential (including individual components) for real operating enterprises of the railway industry according to the proposed author's method for three years and their interpretation on a verbal-numerical scale of Harrington.


Author(s):  
Cristina E. Parau

This chapter defines the monograph's scope of inquiry – to elucidate the origins of Judiciary branch institutions in the newly democratizing countries of Central and Eastern Europe – and sets out its research puzzles: how came the institutional design of the Judiciary to be patterned on always the same transnational template which happens to maximize judicial empowerment to the exclusion of alternatives? And why was it accepted so uniformly across the whole region, despite its obvious drawbacks for the self-interest of the national parliaments called on to ratify it? The thesis of the book is then outlined. Judicial empowerment is explained as the empowerment, in fact, of a new social class, a transnational community networked around elite legal professionals. A literature review critiques some of the most pertinent works in the fields of law, political science, international law, and socio-legal studies, showing the connections between their findings and the instant thesis. The complex methodological approach used herein is finally outlined, consisting of multi-modal research strategies, sources of data, and forms of reasoning: case study and process tracing, Grounded Theory, comparative historical analysis, and logic triangulation.


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