Evaluation of the effectiveness of mechanisms for eliminating flooding of urbanized areas with surface runoff

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
С.Н. Волков ◽  
А.И. Житенев ◽  
О.Н. Рублевская ◽  
Ю.А. Курганов ◽  
И.Г. Костенко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Urbanized Areas ◽  
Average Annual Number ◽  
Heavy Rains

Подтопления урбанизированных территорий, когда вода в периоды ливневых дождей поднимается на поверхность, затапливая улицы и подвалы, наблюдаются достаточно часто. Происходят они по разным причинам или их совокупности. Перечень мероприятий для сокращения количества таких подтоплений в мировой практике отработан. К ним можно отнести мероприятия, направленные на уменьшение коэффициента стока водосборных площадей, а также на увеличение свободных регулирующих объемов сетей и коллекторов и т. п. Однако оценка их эффективности в Российской Федерации затруднена в связи с тем, что нормативный метод гидравлического расчета предусматривает учет значений периодов однократного превышения расчетных интенсивностей дождей p, который указывает, с какой периодичностью переполняются сети. Но этот метод не отвечает на вопрос, с какой периодичностью pp происходят затопления территорий в результате выхода воды на поверхность. На примере Санкт-Петербурга приведен расчетный метод для определения среднегодового числа затоплений, а также результаты оценки эффективности мероприятий, направленных на их сокращение. Flooding of urbanized areas happens quite often, while, during periods of heavy rains, water rises to the surface flooding streets and basements. Flooding occurs for different reasons or due to their combination. The list of measures to reduce the flooding rate has been worked out in the world practice. These include measures aimed at reducing the runoff coefficient of drainage areas, as well as increasing the spare regulating capacities of the networks and sewers, etc. However, evaluating their effectiveness in the Russian Federation is complicated by the fact that the standard method of hydraulic calculation provides for taking into account the values ​​of the periods of one-time excess of the calculated rainfall rates p that indicates the overflow rate in the networks. However, this method does not determine the rate pp of area flooding that results from the water spills. Through the example of St. Petersburg, a calculation method is presented for determining the average annual number of floods, as well as the results of evaluating the effectiveness of measures aimed at reducing them.

COMPARISON OF WORLD WIDE LIGHTNING LOCATION NETWORK (WWLLN) DATA AND STANDARD OBSERVATIONS AT WEATHER STATIONS IN THE SOUTHERN RUSSIAN FAR EAST

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
T. I. Kleshcheva ◽  
◽  
E. Yu. Potalova ◽  
M. S. Permyakov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Average Annual Number ◽  
The Russian Far East

Standard observations at 20 weather stations were compared with data of the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) in the south of the Russian Far East for the period of 2009-2018. Using two statistical methods, the estimates are obtained of the radii of the circular region of the WWLLN data sample, at which the best consistency of the WWLLN data with the number of days with thunderstorms according to weather station data is observed. It is shown that these radii are in the range from 12 to 36 km for all stations, with an average value of 23 km. Daytime radii are smaller than nighttime ones, the average values for all stations are equal to 21 and 26 km, respectively. It is demonstrated that an increase/decrease in the radius of the WWLLN data sample by 1 km leads to an increase/decrease in the average annual number of days with WWLLN lightnings relative to weather reports by ~1 day.

scholarly journals Hantavirus Diseases: a Review of Epidemiological Situation and Epidemiological Risks in the Regions of the World

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
A. V. Ivanova ◽  
N. V. Popov ◽  
I. G. Karnaukhov ◽  
E. A. Chumachkova
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Hantavirus Infection ◽  
The World ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Clear Increase ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The purpose of this review is to characterize the current epidemiological and epizootiological situation in natural foci of hantavirus diseases in different regions of the world, and to analyze the literature data available. Currently, hantavirus diseases are a very urgent threat to the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population around the world, which can cause serious complications of the epidemiological situation. About 200 thousand cases of the disease are registered every year around the world, while the intensity and dynamics of the incidence varies significantly in different regions of the world. While in China – the country with the largest annual number of cases worldwide – the overall dynamics of the incidence has a downward trend, which is apparently due to the widespread use of specific disease prevention tools; the number of cases in European countries, on the contrary, shows a clear increase. In the Russian Federation, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is currently the most common natural-focal disease of viral etiology. Data on the prevalence of hantavirus infection in the regions of South-East Asia and the African continent require further investigation, but it is quite obvious that hantavirus infection is a very underestimated public health issue in these regions, and its scale, due to the wide spread of carriers, may be much more considerable than is currently known.

READY IN RUSSIA AND SECURITY OF THE ORGANIZATION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Вера Шумилина ◽  
Vera Shumilina ◽  
Ирина Реунова ◽  
Irina Reunova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Business Profitability ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Average Annual Number

The article analyzes the factors of development of the institution of raiding in the Russian Federation. The average annual number of raider attacks is given, and their impact on the economic activity of the country is analyzed. Also considered were signs of a raider seizure, their characteristics, information providing interest for the “invader”, types of raiding, the actual dynamics of business profitability for seizing enterprises in Russia, and recommendations for protection against raider seizures were identified.

scholarly journals The density of Robotization of Agriculture in Russia and its Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Significance ◽  
Agricultural Organizations ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Average Annual Number

According to the Rosstat data a share of agricultural organizations which introduce technological innovations is low (2.7%). The study aims to determine the density of agricultural robotization in Russia and its regions. The density of agricultural robotization is influenced by the average annual number of employees in the industry, which was 5802 thousand people in 2013-2019 and decreased by 22% over the studied period. The data show that 435 units of robotics were introduced in agricultural organizations in the Russian Federation in 2006-2019. The vast majority of robotics used in agriculture in Russia is milking robots mainly by European manufacturers. Robotics is used in the agricultural sector in the Central (185 units), Volga (95 units), NorthWest (66 units) and Ural (68 units) federal districts. The introduction of robotics in agriculture in the Southern, Siberian and North Caucasian federal districts is practically not carried out. The highest density of agricultural robotization is observed in the Kaluga (42.67 robots per 10 thousand employees in the industry), the Ryazan (14.8), the Sverdlovsk (6.32) and the Vologda Region (6.21). The results of the study will allow development of a mechanism that promotes priority robotization of rural areas where robotization is slow or is not carried out to prevent their technological lagging behind and the further development of a stagnation processes. The scientific significance of the research results will contribute to the development of theoretical aspects of robotics application in agriculture and the spatial aspects of robotization

scholarly journals Sewage sedimentation ponds – a lost bird paradise: a nostalgic return visit and case study

Ornis Svecica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2–4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sören Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Annual Number ◽  
Return Visit ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Sewage Ponds ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Average Annual Number ◽  
Total Average

Sewage ponds with exposed sludge are known to be excellent feeding sites for waders during migration. They still exist in parts of the world but are disappearing in pace with introduction of modern methods which do not involve open exposure of the sludge. Here I report a five-year study from a Swedish plant with open sludge ponds in the 1950s when many similar ones were still active. I counted the waders with frequent visits from 18 April through 2 November, 1952–1956. Ninety-three percent of the dates had a visit in at least one of the years giving an almost complete combined coverage of migration. Nineteen species were recorded at least once. The total average annual number of bird-days was 2868 (5% in spring). Most abundant were the Ruff Calidris pugnax with 35% and Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola with 32% of all bird days. Temminck’s Stint Calidris temminckii showed the highest spring proportion of bird-days, 30%.

TO THE QUESTION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR TORTURE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
ASTEMIR ZHURTOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Russian Federation

Cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as humiliate the dignity, are prohibited in most countries of the world, and Russia is no exception in this issue. The article presents an analysis of the institution of responsibility for torture in the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion that the current criminal law of Russia superficially and fragmentally regulates liability for torture, in connection with which the author formulated the proposals to define such act as an independent crime. In the frame of modern globalization, the world community pays special attention to the protection of human rights, in connection with which large-scale international standards have been created a long time ago. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international acts enshrine prohibitions of cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as degrade the dignity.Considering the historical experience of the past, these standards focus on the prohibition of any kind of torture, regardless of the purpose of their implementation.

The World Opened to Everyone. The Main Library of Krasnoyarsk Region has Celebrated 75-year Anniversary

2010 ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
Julia N. Shubnikova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Krasnodar Region

On the State Universal Scientific Library of the Krasnodar region, which is one of the largest regional libraries in the Russian Federation.

The territory of the Russian Federation is a rescue from the COVID-19 coronavirus

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Yu. Kozlov ◽  
R. Serebryakov
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Air Spring ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Wind Power Plants ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

A new coronavirus pandemic is raging all over the world, especially in densely populated areas. Unlike most countries, more than half of the territory of Russia is not used by humans — which means that it is possible to settle large cities to avoid crowding people on a small area. The authors of the article consider wind power, namely vortex wind power plants, as a new source of energy that can be quickly and with less harm built in rural areas. The article also discusses the possibilities of an alternative Autonomous non-volatile installation "Air spring" for obtaining fresh water from atmospheric air.

Glembotskaya G.T., Eremin S.Yu. Scientific and practical approach to optimizing costs on development and promotion of drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Галина Глембоцкая ◽  
Galina Glembockaya ◽  
Станислав Еремин ◽  
Stanislav Eremin
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Registration Phase

In order to identify promising strategic development possibilities for the pharmaceutical industry in the Russian Federation, a pilot study was conducted, which has analyzed the main trends in the development of innovative medicines. As a result of the content analysis of available sources of scientific literature, the characteristics of options used in the world practice for increasing the innovative activity of individual subjects and the pharmaceutical market as a whole are presented. Possible reserves for the further development of the innovative component of the pharmaceutical market within the framework of the concept of personalized medicine according to the P4 principle (predictive - personalized - preventive - participatory) are identified and structured. The results of use by individual pharmaceutical companies of scientifically and practically justified approaches to optimizing the costs of development and promoting drugs are presented. The advantages and real prospects of a generally accepted method to reduce the cost of development by «expanding the pharmacological effect» (label expansion) of already existing drugs with a known safety profile in the world practice are shown. A scientific generalization and structuring of the goals and results of the post-registration phase of clinical trials to expand the pharmacological action of a number of drugs already existed at the market have been carried out.

Обезвреживание поверхностного стока – важный вклад в охрану водных объектов

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
G. Variushina
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Retention Basin ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The Russian Federation

Приводятся сведения о разработанных специалистами АО МосводоканалНИИпроект научных исследованиях и проектных решениях в области очистки поверхностных сточных вод с территории Москвы, причинах загрязнения водоисточников неочищенными поверхностными стоками в 1970х годах. Представлены основные характеристики комплексов глубокой очистки поверхностных стоков, разработанных проектов очистных сооружений для промышленных предприятий с площадью водосбора 0,3 1 5 10 и 15 га. Показано, что эффективность очистки поверхностных сточных вод соответствует требованиям, предъявляемым к водоемам рыбохозяйственного значения. При этом для обезвоживания осадка, образующегося в накопительном резервуаре очистных сооружений, в технологической схеме предусмотрена песковая площадка, а для сбора плавающих нефтепродуктов нефтеразделитель. Новизна разработанной технологии обезвреживания поверхностного стока и обработки осадка была подтверждена пятью патентами РФ, одобрена Госстроем РФ, Центральным управлением по рыбохозяйственной экспертизе и нормативам по сохранению, воспроизводству водных биологических ресурсов и акклиматизации, Городской санитарной службой Москвы и области, службами Москомприроды и Мосгосэкспертизы. Показан вклад специалистов лаборатории обработки природных, промышленнодождевых сточных вод и осадка в решение проблем очистки поверхностного стока. Приведена информация об истории развития и перспективных направлениях научной деятельности лаборатории, ее планах в организационнометодической и воспитательной работе с молодыми специалистами.Information on the research and design solutions developed by the experts of MosvodokanalNIIproject JSC in the field of surface runoff treatment from the territory of Moscow, the causes of water sources pollution with raw surface runoff in the 1970s. The basic characteristics of the complexes for the enhanced treatment of surface runoff, the developed projects of wastewater treatment facilities for industrial enterprises with a catchment area of 0.3 1 5 10 and 15 ha. It is shown that the effectiveness of surface runoff treatment meets the requirements to water bodies of commercial fishing importance. At the same time, for dewatering of sludge generated in the retention basin of wastewater treatment facilities, a grit dewatering bay is included into the process flow scheme, and an oil separator is used to collect floating oil products. The novelty of the developed technology for neutralization of surface runoff and sludge treatment has been acknowledged by five patents of the Russian Federation, approved by Gosstroy of the Russian Federation, the Central Department of Fisheries Examination and Review and Protection and Renewal and Acclimatization Standards, the Moscow City and Moscow Region Sanitary Service, Moskompriroda and Mosgosekspertiza services. The contribution of the research workers of the laboratory for the treatment of natural, industrialstorm wastewater and sludge processing to the solution of problems of surface runoff treatment is demonstrated. The information about the history of development and promising areas of research activity of the laboratory, its plans in the organizational, methodological and educational work with young professionals is given.

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