Hubungan kebisingan terhadap fungsi pendengaran pekerja mesin pembangkit listrik tenaga diesel di PLTD Suluttenggo kota Manado

Abstract: Noise is unwanted sound heard by ears. Damages of ears usually take place on the tympanic membrane or on the ossicles. Initially, there will be loss of hearing to high frequency noises, and it will gradually decrease to the lowest frequency noise. This study aimed to obtain the relationship of noise and hearing function among diesel power plant workers at PLTD Suluttenggo Manado. This was an analitycal study using a cross sectional design. Samples were 20 workers at PLTD Suluttenggo in Manado. Data were obtained by using questionnaires and examintaion of hearing function with an audiometry. The data were analyzed by using SPSS and the Spearmen test. The results showed that there were hearing impairment in 30% of the workers. According to the bivariate analysis, there was a significant relationship between the level of noise and the hearing impairment among the workers with a p value = 0.015 (p < 0.05). The most frequent hearing impairment among the workers was mixed hearing loss. Conclusion: Workers who worked in a place with high intensity noise had higher risk to develop hearing impairment.Keywords: diesel power plant machine, noise, hearingAbstrak: Kebisingan adalah suara yang tidak dikehendaki oleh telinga. Kerusakan telinga biasanya terjadi pada gendang telinga atau ossicles. Awalnya akan terjadi kehilangan pendengaran terhadap frekuensi tinggi, namun perlahan pada frekuensi yang semakin menurun sampai kepada frekuensi rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kebisingan terhadap fungsi pendengaran pada pekerja mesin pembangkit listrik tenaga diesel di PLTD Suluttenggo Kota Manado. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode analitik dengan menggunakan rancangan potong lintang. Sampel berjumlah 20 orang yang diambil dari pekerja mesin pembangkit listrik tenaga diesel di PLTD Suluttenggo Kota Manado. Data diperoleh melalui kuisioner dan pemeriksaan fungsi pendengaran dengan menggunakan audiometri. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Statistical Program Product and Service Solution (SPSS) dan menggunakan uji Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat gangguan pendengaran sebesar 30% pada seluruh pekerja. Hasil analisis bivariat didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tingkat kebisingan dan gangguan pendengaran dengan nilai p = 0,015 ( p < 0,05). Gangguan pendengaran yang paling banyak diderita oleh pekerja ialah tuli campuran (Mixed Hearing Loss). Simpulan: Pekerja yang bekerja pada intensitas bising yang tinggi memiliki resiko lebih besar menderita gangguan pendengaran.Kata kunci: mesin PLTD, bising, pendengaran

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Hubungan kebisingan terhadap fungsi pendengaran pekerja mesin pembangkit listrik tenaga diesel di PLTD Suluttenggo kota Manado

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.4.1.2016.10814 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ramdan P. I. Timang ◽

Vennetia R. Danes ◽

Fransiska Lintong

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Power Plant ◽

Hearing Impairment ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Frequency Noise ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mixed Hearing Loss ◽

Hearing Function ◽

Cross Sectional Design

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HUBUNGAN BISING DAN FUNGSI PENDENGARAN PADA TEKNISI MESIN KAPAL YANG BERSANDAR DI PELABUHAN BITUNG

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.3.3.2015.9366 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Nina P. Lumonang ◽

Maya Moningka ◽

Vennetia R. Danes

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Noise Intensity ◽

Noise Exposure ◽

Technological Development ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hearing Function ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

The Relationship

Abstract: Noise is one of the unavoidable problems as a result of technological development. Hearing loss due to noise is called sensorineural hearing loss, which is oftenly not realized because it does not disturb daily conversation. Risk factors of hearing loss are inter alia noise intensity, length of employment, length of noise exposure in a day, and the usage of Ear Protective Equipment (EPE). This study aimed to determine the relationship between noise and hearing function among ship engine technicians in Bitung Port. This was an analytical study using a cross-sectional design. Samples consisted of 20 respondents. Noise measurement obtained noise intensities of 87 dB and 93 dB. Of 20 respondents, there were 7 exposed to over a predetermined noise. The audiometric examination showed 3 of 20 respondents (15%) with hearing loss. The bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between hearing loss and noise intensity (p = 0.008). Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between noise and hearing function among ship engine technicians in Bitung port.Keywords: noise, ship engines technician, hearingAbstrak: Kebisingan merupakan salah satu masalah yang tidak dapat dihindari akibat kemajuan teknologi. Gangguan pendengaran akibat bising ialah tuli sensorineural, yang pada awalnya tidak disadari, karena belum mengganggu percakapan sehari-hari. Faktor resiko terjadinya tuli ialah antara lain intensitas bising, lama masa kerja, lama terpajan bising dalam sehari, ketaatan pemakaian Alat Pelindung Telinga (APT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan adanya hubungan antara bising dan fungsi pendengaran pada teknisi mesin kapal yang bersandar di Pelabuhan Bitung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang. Sampel berjumlah 20 orang. Hasil pengukuran kebisingan mendapatkan intensitas bising 87 dB dan 93 dB. Dari 20 petugas hanya 7 orang yang bekerja melebihi NAB kebisingan yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil pemeriksaan dengan audiometri mendapatkan 3 orang (15%) yang menderita tuli dan 17 orang (85%) normal. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara gangguan pendengaran dan intensitas bising (p=0,008). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara bising dan fungsi pendengaran pada teknisi mesin kapal di pelabuhan Bitung.Kata kunci: bising, teknisi mesin kapal, fungsi pendengaran

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Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Gejala Neurotoksik Akibat Paparan Pestisida Pada Petani Sayuran Di Kenagarian Alahan Panjang Kabupaten Solok

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN INDONESIA ◽

10.14710/jkli.16.1.17-21 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 17 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aria Gusti

Keyword(s):

Significant Relationship ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vegetable Farmers ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Judul : Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Gejala Neurotoksik Akibat Paparan Pestisida Pada Petani Sayuran Di Kenagarian Alahan Panjang Kabupaten SolokLatar belakang: Sekitar 60% petani penyempro sayur di Kanagarian Alahan Panjang mempunyai riwayat gejala neurotoksik.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan gejala gangguan syaraf pada petani penyemprot yang menggunakan pestisida di Kanagarian Alahan Panjang Kabupaten Solok.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Subyek penelitian sebanyak 75 responden. Penarikan sampel dilakukan secara random. Variabel yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini meliputi jenis pestisida, komposisi pestisida, pemakaian alat pelindung diri, dan gejala neurotoksik. Instrument penelitian menggunakan kuesioner Q18 versi Jerman. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-square pada taraf signifikasi 5%.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 62,7% petani penyemprot sayuran pernah mengalami gejala neurotoksik. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan ada hubungan signifikan antara jumlah dan komposisi pestisida yang digunakan dengan gangguan neurotoksik pada petani sayuran (p-value <0,05). Sedang kebiasaan pemakaian alat pelindung diri tidak berpengaruh terhadap kejadian gangguan neorotoksin. Simpulan: Jumlah dan komposisis pestisida berhubungan dengan gangguan neurotoksik pada petani sayuran di Kanagarian Alahan Kabupaten Solok. Petani sayur disarankan untuk memperhatian komposis pestidian dan tidak menggunakan secara berlebihan dalam menyemprot sayuran. AbstractTitle: Factors related with neurotoxic symptoms on pesticides exposed vegetable farmer in Kanagarian Alahan Panjang, Solok DistrictBackground: Around 60% of vegetable farmer sprayer in Kenagarian Alahan Panjang have experienced of the neurotoxic symptoms. The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with neurotoxic symptoms on vegetable farmer sprayer with pesticide in Kenagarian Alahan Panjang Solok District in 2016. Method: Type of this research was quantitative using cross-sectional design. The sample were 75 respondents. Sampling using simple random sampling technique. Processing data using univariate and bivariate analysis with chi-square test. Results: The result of this research showed (62,7%) vegetable farmer sprayer have experienced of the neurotoxic symptoms. Bivariate analysis showed there were significant relationship (p<0,05) between pesticide composition and amount of pesticide with neurotoxic symptoms. There was no significant relationship between use of personal protective equipment with neurotoxic symptoms. Conclusion: The number and compostion of pesticides were factors which had associated significantly with neurotoxic symptoms. It was suggested to vegetable farmers to change organofosfat pesticide which was not dangerous to health like faction of pyrethroids. Vegetable farmers were suggested to use appliance protector of X’self completely when activity of mixing and application of pesticide.

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Hubungan faktor sosiodemografi dengan kunjungan antenatal care

Jurnal Kebidanan dan Keperawatan Aisyiyah ◽

10.31101/jkk.221 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 55-61

Author(s):

Elika Puspitasari ◽

Mochammad Hakimi ◽

Evi Nurhidayati

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Visit ◽

Regression Test ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Logistic Regression Test

Abstact: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association ofsociodemographic factors with antenatal care visits. Types of analyticsurvey research with cross sectional design. Sampling with quota samplingwas obtained 100 trimester pregnant women 3. Bivariate analysis usingchi-square test. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression test. Theresults showed that the factors unrelated to ANC were Age (p-value =0.46), occupation (p-value = 0,55), knowledge (p-value = 0.88), andincome -value = 0.22). While the factors of education and distance ofpregnancy is related to antenatal care visit (p-value <0,02). ConclusionsAge, occupation, knowledge and income are unrelated to antenatal visitswhereas education and pregnancy distances are related to antenatal carevisits.

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The Correlation Between Parity and Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) Incidence

10.53350/pjmhs211561511 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 1511-1515

Author(s):

Estiyani Wulandari ◽

Lenna Maydianasari ◽

Eva Yusnidhar

Keyword(s):

Medical Records ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Premature Rupture ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Research Population ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Aim: This research aims to identify the correlation between parity and premature rupture of membrane (PROM) incidence at KIA Sadewa Hospital in 2013. Methods: The research was observational analytic research with a cross-sectional design. The sampling employed total sampling. This research population was all women giving birth at KIA Sadewa Hospital from January to December 2013 who had complete data as many as 2,645 women. The samples used in this study were 2388 women with expected delivery and 257 women who experienced the PROM. The data were secondary data obtained from medical records and then analyzed in univariate and bivariate analysis using a chi-square test with p-value = 0.005. Results: Women giving birth at KIA Sadewa Hospital in 2013 were mostly multipara. The incidence of premature rupture of membrane at KIA Sadewa Hospital in 2013 indicated 9.7% of them experiencing the PROM and 90.3% not experiencing the PROM. Conclusion. There was a correlation between parity and the incidence of premature rupture of membrane at KIA Sadewa Hospital in 2013. There is a correlation between parity with the incidence of premature rupture of membrane at KIA Sadewa Hospital in 2013. Keywords: Parity, Premature Rupture of Membrane

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CORRELATION OF HUSBAND'S KNOWLEDGE AND SUPPORT TO IVA TEST BEHAVIOR IN WOMEN OF FERTILE AGE COUPLES IN NAMORAMBE VILLAGE, NAMORAMBE SUB DISTRICT IN 2017

Jurnal Ilmiah PANNMED (Pharmacist, Analyst, Nurse, Nutrition, Midwivery, Environment, Dentist) ◽

10.36911/pannmed.v14i1.554 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 9-14

Author(s):

Hanna Sriyanti Saragih ◽

Julietta Hutabarat

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Health Workers ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Test Behavior ◽

Advanced Stages ◽

Cross Sectional Design

One of the cervical cancer screening can be done with visual inspection of acetic acid (IVA Test). InIndonesia, almost 70% of cervical cancers were found in advanced stages (> stage II B). This is due to thelow level of screening, which was <5% where ideally was 80%. This research is to find out the correlationbetween husband's knowledge and support to IVA test behavior in women of fertiled age couples. This typeof research was analytic descriptive with cross sectional design carried out in Namorambe Village,Namorambe sub district. The population used in the study were all women of fertiled age who live inNamorambe village. Samples were taken by simple random sampling of 58 respondents. Data collectionusing questionnaires and data analyzed univariate and bivariate using Fisher Exact statistical tests. Theresults of statistical analysis showed that knowledge’s level of the respondents was mostly in less category of24 people (41.4%), husband's support for IVA test behavior was at less category of 39 people (67.2%), themost respondents did not do IVA test of 45 people (77.6 %). In bivariate analysis, with p-value of 0.001<0.05, it was concluded that there was significant correlation between knowledge with IVA examinationbehavior, and with a p-value of 0.04 <0.05. It was concluded that there was correlation between husband'ssupport and IVA examination behavior. It was need to increase knowledge about cervical cancer and IVAtest through education by health workers through the promotion of reproductive health.

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FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DAN PERILAKU PEMBERANTASAN SARANG NYAMUK TERHADAP STATUS TRANSMISI DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KECAMATAN MUSTIKAJAYA, KOTA BEKASI

Vektora Jurnal Vektor dan Reservoir Penyakit ◽

10.22435/vk.v12i1.3141 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 53-60

Author(s):

Rina Marina ◽

Khadijah Azhar ◽

Doni Lasut ◽

Andre Yunianto ◽

Shinta Shinta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Source Reduction ◽

Dengue Transmission ◽

The Status ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Bekasi City is one of the dengue-endemic areas in West Java province which has fluctuated the number of cases annually. Dengue transmission was influenced by the interaction between humans, virus, vector, and environmental factors. This study was conducted to analyze environmental factors and source reduction practices related to the status of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) transmission in Bekasi. This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design that was carried out in Mustikajaya Sub-district, Bekasi City. Total samples were 280 households from two villages. The obtained data were analyzed using chi-square and multivariate logistic regression with a p-value of 0.05. Bivariate analysis results showed that plants were taller than five meters (OR=7,98 95% CI=2,83-22,45), uneven growing vegetation (OR = 2.14 95% CI = 1.21-3, 78), even growing vegetation (OR = 8.84 95% CI-2.84-27.54), frequency of cleaning water containers at least once a week (OR = 2.9 95% CI = 1.77-4.78), and the use of anti-mosquito (OR = 2.2 95% CI = 1.37-3.61) related to DHF transmission in Mustikajaya Sub-district. Dominant variables that contributed to the high dengue transmission in Mustikajaya District were the frequency of cleaning water containers and the use of household anti-mosquitoes. The socialization and evaluation of source reduction at the community level need to be improved so that the DHF control will be more effective Abstrak Kota Bekasi merupakan salah satu wilayah endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan jumlah kasus fluktuatif setiap tahun. Transmisi DBD dipengaruhi oleh interakasi antara manusia, virus, nyamuk vektor, dan faktor lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis faktor lingkungan dan perilaku Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN) yang berhubungan dengan status transmisi DBD di Kota Bekasi. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dengan desain cross sectional yang dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Mustikaya, Kota Bekasi. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 280 rumah tangga di dua kelurahan. Data dianalisis menggunakan chi square dan regresi logistik berganda dengan nilai P sebesar 0,05%. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa tinggi tanaman lebih dari lima meter (OR=7,98 95% CI=2,83–22,45), rimbunan tanaman tidak merata (OR=2,14 95% CI=1,21-3,78) dan vegetasi tersebar merata (OR=8,84 95% CI-2,84-27,54), frekuensi membersihkan Tempat Penampungan Air (TPA) minimal satu minggu sekali (OR=2,9 95% CI=1,77-4,78), serta penggunaan obat anti nyamuk (OR=2,2 95% CI=1,37-3,61) berhubungan dengan transmisi DBD di Kecamatan Mustikajaya. Variabel dominan yang berkontribusi pada tingginya transmisi kasus DBD di Kecamatan Mustikajaya yaitu frekuensi membersihkan TPA dan penggunaan obat anti nyamuk. Sosialisasi dan evaluasi PSN di tingkat masyarakat perlu ditingkatkan agar pelaksanaannya lebih efektif dalam pengendalian DBD di Kota Bekasi.

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Hubungan antara Status Gizi dengan Gingivitis pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Gigi Universitas Sam Ratulangi

e-GIGI ◽

10.35790/eg.6.1.2018.19652 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fenti Hanifah ◽

Shirley E.S. Kawengian ◽

Elita Tambunan

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Micronutrient Intake ◽

Poor Nutritional Status ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Abstract: Gingivitis is an inflammation process of gingiva caused by accumulation of biofilm on plaques around the margin of gingiva as well as an inflammation response against bacteria. Nutritional status is affected by macro and micronutrient intake. Poor nutritional status can cause abnormality of function and structure of oral soft tissue resulting in increased plaque forming which leads to the occurence of gingivitis. This study was aimed to obtain the relationship between nutritional status and the occurence of gingivitis. This was an analytical study using a cross-sectional design. Samples were obtained by using total sampling method. There were 77 students as samples. The nutritional status was measured by using body mass index (BMI), and examination of oral cavity was performed to check the occurence of gingivitis. The result showed that 46.8% of students had gingivitis. The nutritional status of the students based on IMT were as follows: 19.5% were categorized as underweight, 65% as normal weight, 9% as overweight, and 6.5% as obese. The bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test showed a P value of 0.000 (<0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between the nutritional status and gingivitis in students of Dentistry Program, Sam Ratulangi University.Keywords: nutritional status, gingivitis Abstrak: Gingivitis merupakan reaksi inflamasi dari gingiva yang disebabkan oleh akumulasi biofilm pada plak di sekitar margin gingiva dan respon peradangan terhadap bakteri. Status gizi dipengaruhi oleh asupan gizi makronutrien dan mikronutrien yang seimbang. Gizi kurang dapat menyebabkan gangguan fungsi dan struktur jaringan lunak mulut sehingga pembentukan plak meningkat yang menjadi penyebab awal gingivitis. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dengan gingivitis. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan total populasi sebanyak 77 mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Gigi Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Status gizi diukur menggunakan rumus perhitungan IMT dan pemeriksaan rongga mulut dilakukan untuk melihat ada tidaknya gingivitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 46,8% mahasiswa mengalami gingivitis. Penentuan status gizi berdasarkan IMT mendapatkan sampel kategori kurus (19,5%), normal (65%), berat badan lebih (9%), dan obesitas (6,5%). Hasil analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square menunjukkan nilai P = 0,000 (0,000 <0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara status gizi dengan gingivitis pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Gigi Universitas Sam Ratulangi.Kata kunci: status gizi, gingivitis

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Pajanan pestisida dan kejadian anemia pada petani holtikultura di Garut

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat ◽

10.22146/bkm.12313 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (7) ◽

pp. 245 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nella Mutia Arwin ◽

Suyud Suyud

Keyword(s):

Pesticide Exposure ◽

Dominant Factor ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Future Studies ◽

Biomarker Testing ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Pesticide exposure and anemia incidence among horticultural farmers in Cikajang district, Garut in 2016PurposeThis study aimed to determine the relationship of pesticide exposure with anemia.MethodsA cross-sectional design was used in this study. The population in this study were male horticulture farmers domiciled in Cikajang, Garut. A total of 106 farmers were selected as samples and blood samples were taken to determine hemoglobin concentration.ResultsAverage Hb farmer was 16.65 g/dL. Bivariate analysis showed no association between exposure to pesticides which consisted of working period (p = 0.440, OR = 1.944; 95% CI: 0.51 to 7.325), duration of spraying (p = 1.000), spraying time (p value = 1.000), spraying frequency (p = 1.000, OR = 0.698; 95% CI: 0.091 to 5.334), the dose of pesticides (p = 1.000, OR = 1.244; 95% CI = 0.164 to 9.444), and mixing pesticides (p = 1.000, OR = 1.337; 95% CI: 0.176 to 10.181) with the incidence of anemia. Multivariate analysis showed that working period is the dominant factor affecting the incidence of anemia in horticulture farmers.ConclusionPesticide exposure was not associated with anemia. Therefore, in future studies, it is expected to perform the appropriate biomarker testing to detect the presence of pesticide exposure with the biological effect on the health of farmers.

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Perbandingan Kadar Hemoglobin Pengguna Rokok Elektrik dan Rokok Konvensional pada Pria Dewasa di Manado

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.6.2.2018.22118 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Mark M. Waleleng ◽

Linda W.A. Rotty ◽

Efata Polii

Keyword(s):

Analytical Study ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Adult Males ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tobacco Cigarette ◽

Significant Comparison ◽

The Mean ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Abstract: Smoking has become a daily habit in Indonesia. Manado has a percentage of smokers as many as 23.6%. Many efforts have been done to find alternative tobacco cigarette. Electric cigarette is one of the new models to replace tobacco cigarette. This study was aimed to determine the ratio of hemoglobin levels in adult male electric cigarette users in Manado. This was an observational analytical study using a cross sectional design. Samples were obtained by using decisive sampling technique. There were 20 electric cigarette users and 20 conventional cigarette users in this study. The results showed that the mean hemoglobin level of conventional cigarette users was higher (17.080 g / dl) than of electric cigarette users (14.335 g/dl). The bivariate analysis using the T test (α=0.05) of the comparison of hemoglobin levels in electric cigarette users and conventional cigarette users resulted in a P value of 0.000. Conclusion: There was a significant comparison of hemoglobin levels in users of electric cigarettes and of conventional cigarettes among adult males in Manado.Keywords: electric cigarettes, conventional cigarettes, hemoglobin Abstrak: Merokok sudah menjadi kebiasaan sehari-hari bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Kota Manado memiliki persentase perokok sebanyak 23,6%. Banyak upaya yang telah dilakukan untuk mencari alternatif rokok tembakau. Rokok jenis elektrik merupakan salah satu fenomena baru yang diupayakan untuk mengganti rokok tembakau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kadar hemoglobin pada pengguna rokok elektrik pria dewasa di kota Manado. Jernis penelitian ialah analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan decisive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 20 orang pengguna rokok elektrik dan 20 orang pengguna rokok konvensional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbandingan kadar hemoglobin pada pengguna rokok elektrik dan rokok konvensional dimana rerata kadar hemoglobin pengguna rokok konvensional lebih tinggi (17,080 g/dl) dibandingkan pada pengguna rokok elektrik (14,335 g/dl). Hasil uji analisis bivariat menggunakan uji T terhadap perbandingan kadar hemoglobin pengguna rokok elektrik dan rokok konvensional pada pria dewasa dengan derajat kepercayaan α=0,05 mendapatkan P=0,000. Simpulan: Terdapat perbandingan bermakna dari kadar hemoglobin pengguna rokok elektrik dan rokok konvensional pada pria dewasa di Manado.Kata kunci: rokok elektrik, rokok konvensional, hemoglobin

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