PERBANDINGAN TEKANAN DARAH ANTARA ANAK YANG TINGGAL DI PEGUNUNGAN DAN PESISIR PANTAI

Abstract: Blood pressure in children varies because there are many factors that influence. One is geographic factors. Based on data from the Health Research in 2007 found that the prevalence of hypertension is highest in coastal areas while the lowest prevalence of hypertension in the coastal area. Altitude and different sodium intake on mountain and coastal areas are assumed to affect the blood pressure. This study aimed to determine the difference in blood pressure between children who live in the mountains and in the coast. We used descriptive analytic method with cross sectional design, with 107 samples according to criteria of children aged 6-12 years with no family history of obesity and hypertension. Data were obtained by using questionnaire, measurement of weight and height (BMI) and blood pressure measurement using a sphygmomanometer and cuff child. The results showed 15.5% of children with high-normal systolic pressure and 17.4% of children with high diastolic pressure in the mountains. In coastal areas, found 28% of children with normal systolic pressure-high, 13% of children of normal-high diastolic pressure, and 5% of children of high diastolic pressure. These data were analyzed using Mann Whitney test, showing the results were not statistically significantly systolic (p = 0.815) diastolic (p = 0.221) so that H0 and H1 is rejected. Conclusion: There was no difference in blood pressure among children aged 6-12 years who live in the mountains and the coast.Keywords: child's blood pressure, mountains, coastal.Abstrak: Tekanan darah pada anak bervariasi karena ada banyak faktor yang memengaruhi. Salah satunya adalah faktor geografis. Berdasarkan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2007 didapatkan prevalensi hipertensi tertinggi di wilayah pantai sedangkan prevalensi hipertensi terendah di wilayah pantai. Ketinggian lokasi dan asupan natrium yang berbeda pada daerah pegunungan dan pesisir pantai diasumsikan berpengaruh terhadap tekanan darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tekanan darah antara anak yang tinggal di pegunungan dan pesisir pantai. Metode penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang, dengan 107 sampel sesuai kriteria anak umur 6-12 tahun tanpa obesitas dan riwayat keluarga hipertensi. Data diperoleh melalui kuesioner, pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan (IMT) dan pengukuran tekanan darah menggunakan sphygmomanometer dan manset anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 15,5% anak dengan tekanan sistolik normal-tinggi dan 17,4% anak dengan tekanan diastolik tinggi pada daerah pegunungan. Pada daerah pesisir pantai ditemukan 28% anak dengan tekanan sistolik normal-tinggi, 13% anak tekanan diastolik normal-tinggi, dan 5% anak tekanan diastolik tinggi. Data ini dianalisis menggunakan uji mann whitney, menunjukkan hasil secara statistik tidak bermakna sistolik (p=0,815) diastolik (p=0,221) sehingga H0 diterima dan H1 ditolak. Simpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan tekanan darah antara anak berumur 6-12 tahun yang tinggal di pegunungan dan pesisir pantai.Kata kunci: tekanan darah anak, pegunungan, pantai.

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Hubungan kadar natrium dengan tekanan darah pada remaja di Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.4.2.2016.14862 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Rivanli Polii ◽

Joice N.A. Engka ◽

Ivonny M. Sapulete

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Extracellular Fluid ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Coastal Areas ◽

The Body ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Purposive Sampling

Abstract: Sodium is an extracellular fluid cation which is the highest in amount, 35-40% sodium (Na) is found in the body skeleton. The function of sodium is the regulation of fluid volume, the regulation of fluid balance, the regulation of osmolarity, and the regulation of blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force that is needed to keep the blood flowing inside the blood vessel and circulates to reach all the tissues in human body. Blood pressure consists of two components, the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure. According to the study conducted by Riset Kesehatan Dasar on 2007, it was found that the Natuna Islands (coastal areas) has the highest prevalence of hypertension, which is 53,3%, while the highlands of Jayawijaya has the lowest prevalence of hypertension, which is 6,8%. The North Bolaang Mongondow regency, especially West Bolangitang district is an area which is conditioned around the coastal areas. Adolescents, according to WHO, are those aged 12-24 years old. This was an analytical descriptive research is conducted with a cross sectional study design. Afterward, the collected datas are processed using the help of SPSS software. The population is all of the students in SMAN 1 Bolangitang Barat, North Bolaang Mongondow regency and the samples were collected with purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the number of respondents who follow the research were 60 students, consisting 16 boy and 44 girl by spearman’s correlation statistical test.This study shows no correlation between the levels of sodium and blood pressure on adolescents in West Bolangitang district North Bolaang Mongondow regency. Conclusion: there is no correlation between the levels of sodium and blood pressure on adolescents in West Bolangitang district, North Bolaang Mongondow regency. Keywords: sodium, blood pressure, adolescent Abstrak: Natrium ialah kation terbanyak dalam cairan ekstrasel , 35-40% natrium (Na) ada didalam kerangka tubuh. Fungsi natrium untuk mengatur volume cairan, mengatur keseimbangan cairan, mengatur osmolaritas, dan mengatur tekanan darah. Tekanan darah adalah kekuatan yang diperlukan agar darah dapat mengalir di dalam pembuluh darah dan beredar mencapai semua jaringan tubuh manusia. Tekanan darah terdiri atas 2 bagian tekanan sistolik dan tekanan diastolik. Berdasarkan data yang dilakukan Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2007 didapatakan bahwa prevalensi hipertensi tertinggi di Kepulauan Natuna (wilayah pantai) sebanyak 53,3 % sedangkan prevalensi hipertensi terendah di pegunungan jayawijaya sebanyak 6,8%. Kabupaten Bolaang mongondow utara khususnya Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat merupakan suatu wilayah yang terletak disekitaran pesisir pantai, Remaja menurut WHO adalah mereka yang berumur 12-24 tahun. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Data diolah dengan menggunakan program SPSS. Populasi ialah semua siswa/i SMAN 1 Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara dan sampel diambil dengan cara purposive sampling. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar natrium dengan tekanan darah pada remaja di Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar natrium dengan tekanan darah pada remaja di Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara.Kata kunci: natrium, tekanan darah, remaja

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Evaluation of blood pressure in school children aged 12-16 years

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20172607 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 1218

Author(s):

Balakrishnan Nadesan ◽

Mani Madhavan Sachithananthamoorthi ◽

Sivaraman Thirumalaikumarasamy ◽

Ezhilarasu Ramalingam

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Family History ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

School Children ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Family History Of Hypertension

Background: Hypertension is considered as a major health issue in developed as well as developing countries and its possible origin during childhood prompts pediatricians to routinely include measurement of blood pressure (BP) as an integral part of pediatric physical examination. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the normal range of blood pressure in adolescent school going students of 12-16 years, prevalence of hypertension and relationship of BP with variables like age, body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic status and family history of hypertension.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken for a period of one year in adolescent school children in age groups between 12-16 years. Detailed clinical examination was done in 1060 adolescent school children and BP was recorded in right upper limb and correlation of BP with BMI, family history of hypertension and diabetes were studied.Results: Mean systolic and diastolic pressure showed linear relationship with age. There was a highly statistically significant difference between mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure between lower and middle socio-economic class. Prevalence of obesity in our study was 1.13%, overweight was 7.83%. Prevalence of hypertension in obese children was 33.33% and in overweight children 18.07%. Family history of hypertension and diabetes carry a significant correlation with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adolescents.Conclusions: This study revealed that socio economic factors play a significant role in determining the blood pressure of the individual. Children of middle class have significantly elevated mean systolic pressure and mean diastolic pressure than low socio-economic groups.

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Measurement of digital blood pressure after local cooling

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1977.43.5.907 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 907-910 ◽

Cited By ~ 129

Author(s):

S. L. Nielsen ◽

N. A. Lassen

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Proximal Phalanx ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Threshold Temperature ◽

Local Cooling ◽

The Difference ◽

Arterial Tone ◽

Percent Decrease ◽

Finger Pressure

A double-inlet plastic cuff was designed for local cooling and systolic blood pressure measurement on the middle phalanx of the fingers. With a tourniquet on the proximal phalanx of one finger, cooling for 5 min made the digital artery temperature equal the skin temperature. The difference between the systolic pressure in a control finger and in the cooled finger give the reopening pressure in the digital arteries. At 30, 25, 20, 15, and 10 degrees C, respectively the percent decrease of the finger pressure was 0.2 (0.2), 1.5 (2.5), 8.5 (3.7), 11.4 (3.4), and 15.3 (3.1) in normal young women. In patients with primary or secondary Raynaud's phenomenon, the arterial tone showed an abrupt increase that most often led to complete closure of the digital arteries. The pathological response was expressed as an increased threshold temperature or a well-defined closing temperature that showed only small variations during standardized conditions.

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Effects of Crossing Legs on Blood Pressure Measurement

Clinical Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/c10n2r8 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 202-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rebecca Keele-Smith ◽

CeCilia Price-Daniel

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Pressure Measurement ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Nursing Intervention ◽

Health Condition ◽

Senior Population

The purpose of this study was to determine if blood pressure measurement is affected by the leg crossed at the knee as compared with feet flat on the floor in a well-senior population. Participants (N = 110) either had their blood pressure measured with feet flat first and then crossed or the reverse of this. Results indicate that blood pressure was significantly higher when legs were crossed versus uncrossed. Systolic pressure changed by 5.9 mmHg, from 127.32 to 133.24, whereas diastolic pressure changed by 2.97, from 72.54 to 75.52. There were no significant differences between those who had their blood pressure measured first with their legs crossed versus uncrossed or between those with and without hypertension. Instructing patients to keep feet flat on the floor during blood pressure measurement is an important nursing intervention that can contribute to the accurate measurement, interpretation, and treatment of a patient's health condition.

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Indirect Arterial Blood Pressure Measurement in Nonsedated Irish Wolfhounds: Reference Values for the Breed

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ◽

10.5326/0380521 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 521-526 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Janice M. Bright ◽

Mariellen Dentino

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Reference Values ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Standing Position ◽

Mean Value ◽

Pressure Measurements ◽

Arterial Blood

Arterial blood pressure measurements were obtained from 158 healthy Irish wolfhounds using the oscillometric technique to establish reference values for the breed. In contrast to other sight hounds, Irish wolfhounds have low arterial blood pressure. Mean systolic pressure for the group was 116.0 mm Hg. Mean diastolic pressure was 69.2 mm Hg, and the mean value for mean arterial pressure was 87.8 mm Hg. Blood pressure measurements were higher in older wolfhounds than in young dogs. There was no difference between systolic and mean arterial blood pressures in lateral recumbency compared to standing position. However, diastolic pressure was slightly lower when standing. Calm dogs had lower pressure than anxious wolfhounds. There was a significant interaction between the effects of age, gender, and mood on systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure values.

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Arterial stiffness and subclinical aortic damage of reclassified subjects as stage 1 hypertension according to the new 2017 ACC/AHA blood pressure guidelines

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000765 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 236-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Theodore G. Papaioannou ◽

Evangelos Oikonomou ◽

George Lazaros ◽

Evangelia Christoforatou ◽

Georgia Vogiatzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Aortic Stiffness ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Group A ◽

New Guidelines ◽

Group B ◽

Stage 1

Abstract. Background: The 2017 ACC/AHA blood pressure (BP) guidelines generated controversies due to the new proposed BP cut-off values defining hypertension. We aimed to assess aortic stiffness of subjects who are reclassified as stage 1 hypertensive according to the new guidelines and compare them with the subjects of “elevated BP” category. Patients and methods. Data from the “Corinthia” study, an observational, cross-sectional survey of 2,043 participants were analyzed. Subjects were classified into 4 groups: group A: systolic pressure (SBP) 120–129 and diastolic pressure (DBP) < 80 mmHg, group B: SBP 130–139 or DBP 80–89 mmHg, group B1: SBP 130–139 and DBP < 80 mmHg and group B2: SBP 130–139 and DBP 80–89 mmHg. Aortic stiffness was assessed by carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). A value of PWV > 10m/s was consider indicative of asymptomatic organ damage while values of PWV exceeded the 90 % percentile for each age group were consider as abnormal. Results: Groups B, B1 and B2 have significantly increased PWV compared to group A, independently from age and other risk factors (PWV: 9.2 ± 2.8 vs 9.4 ± 2.7 vs 8.6 ± 2.5 vs 8.1 ± 2.3 m/s, p < 0.01, respectively). The prevalence of PWV > 10 m/s and abnormal PWV values in group A was significantly lower than the corresponding prevalence in randomly selected, age-matched subjects from group B (13.5 % vs 24.4 %, p = 0.027 and 5.6 % vs 14.2 %, p = 0.022, respectively). Conclusions: The reclassified subjects as stage 1 hypertensive by the new guidelines have a significantly increased aortic stiffness and greater prevalence in asymptomatic aortic damage compared to subjects with elevated BP. This finding may indirectly explain the increased cardiovascular risk of this group.

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Association of TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio with arterial stiffness progression in a non-normotensive population

Cardiovascular Diabetology ◽

10.1186/s12933-021-01330-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhiyuan Wu ◽

Di Zhou ◽

Yue Liu ◽

Zhiwei Li ◽

Jinqi Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Absolute Difference ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tyg Index ◽

Hypertensive Population ◽

The Difference

Abstract Background Cross-sectional studies have reported that insulin resistance (IR) is associated with arterial stiffness. However, the relationship between IR and arterial stiffness progression remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the association of triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio with arterial stiffness progression in a non-normotensive population. Methods A total of 1895 prehypertensive (systolic pressure 120–139 mmHg or diastolic pressure 80–90 mmHg) or hypertensive (systolic pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or using antihypertensive medication) participants were enrolled in 2013 and 2014, and followed until December 31, 2019. Arterial stiffness progression was measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) change (absolute difference between baseline and last follow-up), baPWV change rate (change divided by following years), and baPWV slope (regression slope between examination year and baPWV). Results During a median follow-up of 4.71 years, we observed an increasing trend of baPWV in the population. There were linear and positive associations of the TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio with the three baPWV parameters. The difference (95% CI) in baPWV change (cm/s) comparing participants in the highest quartile versus the lowest of TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio were 129.5 (58.7–200.0) and 133.4 (52.0–214.9), respectively. Similarly, the evaluated baPWV change rates (cm/s/year) were 37.6 (15.3–60.0) and 43.5 (17.8–69.2), while the slopes of baPWV were 30.6 (9.3–51.8) and 33.5 (9.0–58.0). The observed association was stronger in the hypertensive population. Conclusion Our study indicates that the TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio are significantly associated with arterial stiffness progression in hypertensive population, not in prehypertensive population.

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Reliability of single office blood pressure measurements

Heart ◽

10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312523 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 104 (14) ◽

pp. 1173-1179 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Thilo Burkard ◽

Michael Mayr ◽

Clemens Winterhalder ◽

Licia Leonardi ◽

Jens Eckstein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Office Blood Pressure ◽

White Coat Hypertension ◽

Masked Hypertension ◽

Short Term ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Registration Number ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference

ObjectivesStandard operating procedures for office blood pressure measurement (OBPM) vary greatly between guidelines and studies. We aimed to compare the difference between a single OBPM and the mean of the three following measurements. Further, we studied how many patients with possible hypertension may be missed due to short-term masked hypertension (STMH) and how many might be overdiagnosed due to short-term white coat hypertension (STWCH).Design and settingIn this cross-sectional, single-centre trial, 1000 adult subjects were enrolled. After 5 min of rest, four sequential standard OBPMs were performed at 2 min intervals in a quiet room in sitting position. We compared the first (fBPM) to the mean of the second to fourth measurement (mBPM). STMH was defined as fBPM <140 mm Hg systolic and <90 mm Hg diastolic and mBPM systolic ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic ≥90 mm Hg. STWCH was defined as fBPM systolic ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic ≥90 mm Hg and mBPM <140 mm Hg systolic and <90 mm Hg diastolic.ResultsComplete measurements were available in 802 subjects. Between fBPM and mBPM, 662 (82.5%), 441 (55%) and 208 (25.9%) subjects showed a difference in systolic and 531 (66.2%), 247 (30.8%) and 51 (6.4%) in diastolic blood pressure (BP) values of >2 mm Hg, >5 mm Hg and >10 mm Hg, respectively. In 3.4% of initially normotensives STMH and in 34.3% of initially hypertensives, STWCH was apparent.ConclusionsThere are significant differences between a single OBPM and the mean of consecutive BP measurements. Our study provides evidence that a single OBPM should not be the preferred method and should be discouraged in future guidelines.Trial registration numberNCT02552030;Results.

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Accuracy of Platelet Count in Assessing Severity of Preeclampsia

Ibrahim Cardiac Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/icmj.v4i2.52987 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 21-25

Author(s):

Nahid Reaz ◽

Mirza Md Asaduzzaman ◽

Shahnaj Akter Jahan ◽

Shafeya Khanam

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Platelet Count ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Past History ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Lower Class ◽

Blood Platelet ◽

Severe Preeclampsia ◽

College Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional

Background and Objectives: The present cross-sectional study was conducted to determine whether platelet count can predict the severity of preeclampsia (PE) with fair degree of accuracy. Methodology: The study was carried out at Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka between January 2013 to December 2013 on admitted preeclamptic women. Preeclamptic women ranging between 20-35 years, gestational age between 28-40 weeks and systolic pressure 140 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure 90 mmHg with proteinuria were the study population. A total of 96 preeclamptic women meeting the enrollment criteria were included in the study. Of them 76 had severe preeclampsia and 22 had mild preeclampsia. Platelet count below 1,50000/mm3 of blood was considered low in this study. Result: Over one-quarter (27.1%) of the patients were < 20 years, 43.8% (20 - 30) years and 29.2% 30 years old with mean age of the patients being 24.9 years. Over three-quarters (77.1%) of the patients belonged to middle class and 22.9% to lower class. Majority (79.2%) of the women was at term pregnancy with ratio of primigravida and multigravida being roughly 2:3. Eight (8.3%) patients had past history of PET. Over one-third (37.5%) of the patients had systolic blood pressure 160 mmHg and 27.1% had diastolic blood pressure 110 mmHg. About 64% of the patients had anemia and 73% had severe proteinuria (albumin 3+). More than 20% of the severe preeclamptics had low (< 1,50,000 per cu-mm of blood) platelet count as opposed to 9.1% of the mild preeclamptic group. The risk of having low platelet count among severe preeclamptics was found to be more than 2-fold (95% CI = 0.5 -12.1) than their mild preeclamptic counterparts (p = 0.037). Conclusion: The study concluded that, platelet count tends to fall as severity of preeclampsia increases. However, platelet count alone cannot predict the severity of preeclampsia as majority of the severe preeclampsia bears platelet within normal range. Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2014; 4(2): 21-25

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HUBUNGAN POLA KONSUMSI ZAT GIZI MAKRO DAN MIKRO DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI

JURNAL MEDIA KESEHATAN ◽

10.33088/jmk.v10i2.334 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 126-138

Author(s):

Listiana Listiana

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Consumption Pattern ◽

Family Role ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypertension Patient ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Hypertension is a condition that shows a person's blood pressure ≥140 mmHg for systolic and / or ≥90 mmHg pressure for diastolic pressure. The purpose of this research is to know the correlation between consumption pattern of macro and micro nutrients to blood pressure of hypertension patient in RSUD dr.M.Yunus Bengkulu Year 2017. Method: This research is an analytic survey, with cross sectional design. The location of this research is in poly disease in RSUD dr.M.Yunus. Samples were hypertension patients who treated in poly disease in RSUD Dr.M.Yunus Bengkulu as many as 50 samples, taken with chi square technique. Data of macro and micro nutrient intake was obtained through form food frequency questioner (FFQ). The data obtained were analyzed using chi square test. There is no association of protein with hypertension, no association of fat with hypertension, no carbohydrate relationship with hypertension, no sodium relationship with hypertension, no calcium relationship with hypertension, no potassium relationship with hypertension, no magnesium relationship with hypertension, no there is correlation of fiber with hypertension, there is no correlation of vitamin D with hypertension in RSUD dr.M.Yunus Kota Bengkulu year 2017. There is no correlation of consumption pattern of macro and micro nutrients with blood pressure in hypertension patient in poly disease in RSUD Dr.M. Yunus bengkulu in 2017. The need for an active family role related to the motivation and diet of hypertensive patients

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