INVENTARISASI DAN PEMANFAATAN TUMBUHAN SEBAGAI OBAT TRADISIONAL OLEH MASYARAKAT DI DESA RANTEBUA, KABUPATEN TORAJA UTARA

ABSTRACTMedicinal plants are plants that have efficacy as a medicine whose properties known from scientific studies that are clinically proven to be beneficial for health. This research aims to find out how to use plants used as traditional medicine and to find out the types of plants used traditional medicine by the community in Rantebua Village. Based on the research conducted obtained 38 plants that are used as traditional medicine, Andrographis paniculata, Allium cepa, Annona muricata, Apium graveolens, Centella asiatica, Areca catechu, Colocasia esculenta, Cocos nucifera, Ageratum conyzoldes, Vernonia amygdalina, Anredera cordifolia, Ananas comosus, Carica papaya, Ipomoea batatas, Sechium edule, Momordica charantia, Jatropha curcas, Euphorbia tirucalli, Orthosiphon aristatus, Plectranthus scutellarioides, Ocimum sanctum, Persea americana, Eleutherine palmifolia, Abelmoschus manihot, Musa paradisiaca, Psidium guajava, Piper betle, Imperata cylindrica, Pandanus amaryllifolius, Sauropus androgynus, Saccharum officinarum, Cymbopogon citratus, Citrus aurantifolia, Solanum betaceum, Phaleria macrocarpa, Aloe vera, Zingibern officinale, Curcuma domestica, consisting of 26 families. Keywords: Inventory, Plants, Folk Remedies, Utilization ABSTRAK Tumbuhan obat adalah tumbuhan yang mempunyai khasiat sebagai obat yang khasiatnya diketahui dari hasil telaah secara ilmiah yang terbukti secara klinis bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara pemanfaatan tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional dan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional oleh masyarakat di Desa Rantebua. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan 38 tumbuhan yang di manfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional di antaranya Andrographis paniculata, Allium cepa, Annona muricata, Apium graveolens, Centella asiatica, Areca catechu, Colocasia esculenta, Cocos nucifera, Ageratum conyzoldes, Vernonia amygdalina, Anredera cordifolia, Ananas comosus, Carica papaya, Ipomoea batatas, Sechium edule, Momordica charantia, Jatropha curcas, Euphorbia tirucalli, Orthosiphon aristatus, Plectranthus scutellarioides, Ocimum sanctum, Persea americana, Eleutherine palmifolia, Abelmoschus manihot, Musa paradisiaca, Psidium guajava, Piper betle, Imperata cylindrica, Pandanus amaryllifolius, Sauropus androgynus, Saccharum officinarum, Cymbopogon citratus, Citrus aurantifolia, Solanum betaceum, Phaleria macrocarpa, Aloe vera, Zingibern officinale, Curcuma domestica, yang terdiri dari 26 famili. Kata kunci: Inventarisasi, Tumbuhan, Obat Tradisional, Pemanfaatan

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JENIS DAN PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN OBAT DI DESA BUDI MUKTI SULAWESI TENGAH DAN PENGEMBANGANNYA SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN

Widya Genitri : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, Agama dan Kebudayaan Hindu ◽

10.36417/widyagenitri.v9i1.229 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 11-19

Author(s):

Ni Made Mega Hariani

Keyword(s):

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Persea Americana ◽

Apium Graveolens ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Cordyline Fruticosa ◽

Cocos Nucifera L

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan cara pemanfaatan tanaman obat yang dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan obat-obatan tradisional oleh masyarakat di Desa Budi Mukti Sulawesi Tengah dan pengembangannya sebagai media pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei dimana sampel diambil secara acak. Analisis pemanfaatan tanaman sebagai obat dilakukan dengan wawancara secara terbuka dengan masyarakat di sekitar lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 36 species tanaman yang berkhasiat obat, tergolong dari 29 familia yaitu: Cordyline fruticosa L. (andong), Pluchea indica L. (beluntas), Cocos nucifera L. (kelapa), Andrographis paniculata Ness. (sambiloto), Annona muricata L. (sirsak), Amaranthus hybridus L. (bayam), Apium graveolens L. (seledri), Ipomea reptans L. (kangkung), Ipmoea batatas L. (ubi jalar), Mamordica charantia L. (pare), Carica papaya L. (pepaya), Euphorbia tirucalli L. (petikan kebo), Orthosiphoon staminues Benth. (kumis kucing), Persea Americana Mill. (alpukat), Michelia alba (cempaka putih), Hibiscus rosasinensis L. (kembang sepatu), Cyclea barbata Miers. (cincau), Leucaena leucocephala L. (lantoro), Moringa oleifera (kelor), Psidium guajava L. (jambu biji), Syzygium aromaticum L. (cengkeh), Averrhoa bilimbi L. (belimbing wuluh), Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. (pandan wangi), Cymbopogon citratus L. (sere), Imperata cylindrical L. (alang-alang), Piper betle L. (daun sirih), Morinda citriffolia L. (mengkudu), Citrus aurantifolia L. (jeruk nipis), Manilkara kauki L. (sawo), Physalis angulate (ciplukan), Aloe vera L. (lidah buaya), Zingiber officinale Rosc. (jahe), Cucurma xanthorrhiza Roxb. (temulawak), Curcuma domestica Val. (kunyit), Zingiber purpureum Roxb. (bangle), dan Kaempferia galangal L. (kencur). Bagian tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan antara lain; akar, batang, daun, bunga, buah, biji, kulit batang dan seluruh bagian tumbuhan dengan cara penggunaan yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini menghasilkan produk berupa buku saku sebagai media pembelajaran Biologi.

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IDENTIFICATION OF PLANT UTILIZATION IN THE LIFE CYCLE CEREMONY OF THE KAILI DA'A TRIBE IN UWEMANJE VILLAGE, KINOVARO DISTRICT, SIGI REGENCY

Biocelebes ◽

10.22487/bioceb.v15i2.15654 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 125-138

Author(s):

Syech Zainal Enal ◽

Amirudin Kasim ◽

Musdalifah Nurdin ◽

Andi Tandra Tellu

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Palm Sugar ◽

Cocos Nucifera L ◽

Jasminum Sambac

The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the types of plants used by the Kaili Da’a tribe in life cycle ceremonies that are still preserved for generations in Uwemanje village, Kinovaro district, Sigi district. The research population is all people who live in Uwemanje Village, Kinivaro District, which are spread over 4 hamlets. The research method uses survey research with the help of interview questionnaires. Interviews were conducted on key respondents and general respondents. Key respondents were selected by purposive sampling as much as 10% of the population, namely the people who were considered to be the most knowledgeable about the ins and outs of this ceremony, such as Sando, traditional leaders, village heads and village priests. Meanwhile, general respondents are people who are recommended by key respondents with a record that they are at least 30 years old and are married or have a family. The data and information in this study were processed descriptively. Types of plants/plants used in life cycle ceremonies consist of 21 species, namely: rice (Oryza sativa L.), coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), banana (Musa paradisiaca L.), cocor duck (Kalanchoe pinata L.), areca nut (Areca catechu L.), turmeric (Curcuma domestica L.), nail paci (Lawsonia enermis L.), bogenvil (Boganvillea glabra L.), pandanus (Pandanus amarylifolius L.), jatropha (Jatropha curcas), forest basil ( Ocimum sanctum L.), moringa (Moringa oleifera L.), shallot (Allium cepa L.), Bengal grass (Eleusine indica L.), hibiscus (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.), peacock flower (Caesalpinia pulcherima L.), betel (Piper betle L.), keluwih (Artocarpus camansi L.), jasmine (Jasminum sambac L.), palm sugar (Arenga pinnata), and red sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.). The percentage of utilization of plant parts that are most directly utilized is the leaves which amount to 14 with a percentage of 65.66%, flowers amount to 4 to 16.67%, fruit to reach 3 to 12.5%. The least used parts are rhizomes, seeds, tubers, roots and stems with a percentage of 5.17%.

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Pemanfaatan Elisitor Ekstrak Tumbuhan dalam Budidaya Tanaman Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.)

VIVABIO: Jurnal Pengabdian Multidisiplin ◽

10.35799/vivabio.1.1.2019.24747 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Henny Rampe ◽

Stella Umboh ◽

Marhaenus Rumondor ◽

Meytij Rampe

Keyword(s):

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Persea Americana ◽

Imperata Cylindrica ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Annona Muricata ◽

Amaranthus Spinosus ◽

Post Test

Tanaman elisitor adalah suatu tanaman yang mengandung senyawa kimia yang dapat memicu respon fisiologi, morfologi dan akumulasi fitoaleksin, meningkatkan aktivasi dan ekspresi gen yang terkait dengan biosintesis metabolit sekunder. Elisitor dapat menginduksi resistensi tumbuhan. Tujuan dan target khusus yang dicapai dalam kegiatan ini adalah peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan penggunaan elisitor ekstrak tumbuhan dalam budidaya ubi jalar, yang memberikan dampak positif yaitu mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap penggunaan pestisida kimia / sintetik. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada kelompok tani Wawo Sumpaken dan Diakonia di Kelurahan Matani Dua, Kecamatan Tomohon Tengah Kota Tomohon. Elisitor ekstrak tumbuhan yang digunakan adalah daun bayam duri (Amaranthus spinosus), alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica), daun alpukat (Persea americana), daun mangkokan (Nothopanax scutellarium), daun sirsak (Annona muricata), daun sirih (Piper betle) dan daun salam (Syzygium polyanyhum). Tahapan kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah : 1) Pre-test, 2) Penyampaian materi, 3) Latihan pembuatan elisitor ekstrak tumbuhan, 4) Post-test, dan 5) Evaluasi dan monitoring. Hasil kegiatan penyuluhan menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan berdasarkan hasil post-test, yaitu sebanyak 3 orang (10 %) memperoleh nilai 8,76 – 100, 11 orang (36.67 %) memperoleh nilai 7.51 – 8.75, dan 12 orang (40 %) memperoleh nilai dengan range 6.26 – 7.50. Kegiatan Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) dapat memotivasi petani menggunakan pestisida nabati dan elisitor ekstrak tumbuhan dalam kegiatan budidaya tanaman pangan.Kata kunci : Elisitor ekstrak tumbuhan, Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas)

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Ceratocystis paradoxa. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria ◽

10.1079/dfb/20056400143 ◽

1967 ◽

Author(s):

G. Morgan-Jones

Keyword(s):

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Elaeis Guineensis ◽

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Soft Rot ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Areca Catechu ◽

Black Head ◽

Rain Splash ◽

Ceratocystis Paradoxa

Abstract A description is provided for Ceratocystis paradoxa. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a variety of hosts but particularly frequent on Ananas sativus, Cocos nucifera, Elaeis guineensis, Musa sapientum and Saccharum officinarum. Other hosts include Annona squamosa, Areca catechu, Coffea spp., Cupressus macrocarpa, Eleocharis dulcis, E. tuberosa, Ipomoea batatas, Phoenix africanus, P. canariensis, Puerariajavanica, Sandoricum indicum, Sorghum vulgare, Theobroma cacao, Vitis vinifera and Zea mays. DISEASES: Water blister and soft rot of pineapple, 'Pineapple' disease of sugarcane setts, pod rot of cacao; 'Black-head' disease of rhizomes, suckers and roots; fruit stem-end rot of banana. Associated with Kaincope disease, stem rot, stem bleeding, root rot and leaf spot of coconut, wilt of young Phoenix canariensis, and also causing dry basal rot of oil palm. DISTRIBUTION: World-wide (CMI Map 142, ed. 2, 1958). TRANSMISSION: Soil borne, by rain-splash and wind. The chlamydospores play an important part in the long term propagation of the fungus (41: 400).

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Pythium splendens. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria ◽

10.1079/dfb/20056400120 ◽

1966 ◽

Author(s):

G. M. Waterhouse

Keyword(s):

Geographical Distribution ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Spinacia Oleracea ◽

New Caledonia ◽

Elaeis Guineensis ◽

Pinus Elliottii ◽

Crown Rot ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Pythium Splendens

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium splendens. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A root parasite or pseudomycorrhizal, on a variety of plants including: Aplaonema simplex, Aloe sp., Ananas comosus, Anthurium scherzerianum, Begonia spp., Cajanus cajan, Canavalia ensiformis, Capsicum sp., Carica papaya, Chrysanthemum sp., Citrus aurantium, Coleus sp., Cucumis sativus, Cymbidium sp., Dieffenbachia picta, Elaeis guineensis, Geranium sp., Helianthus annuus, Hordeum vulgare, Ipomoea batatas, Lactuca sativa, Lilium longiflorum var. eximium, Linum usitatissimum, Manihot utilissima, Medicago saliva, Melilotus sp., Nephytis afzelii, Nicotiana tabacum, Pelargonium spp., Peperomia caperata, Phaseolus aureus, P. vulgaris, Philodendron cordatum, Pinus elliottii, Piper betle, P. methysticum, P. nigrum, Pisum sativum, Pyrus communis, Raphanus sativus, Rheum rhaponticum, Saccharum officinarum, Scindapsus aureus, Spinacia oleracea, Tithonia rotundifolia, Trifolium spp., Triticum aestivum, Vicia faba, Vigna sinesis, Zea mays. Also on the fern Platycerium grande and in nursery soil. DISEASES: Causing seed rot, pre-emergence blight and post-emergence damping-off of seedings of a large number of plants including black pepper, maize, lucerne and sweet clover; mottle necrosis of sweet potato, black stem rot of pelargonium, wilt of Betel pepper, crown rot of rhubarb; and root rot of aloe, oil palm seedlings ('blast'), Easter lily, pineapple, maize, papaw, slash pine and aroids. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: In warm temperate and sub-tropical areas: Africa (Ivory Coast, Madagascar, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania), Asia (Indo China, Malaysia, Sabah, Singapore) Australasia & Oceania (Australia, Fiji, Hawaii, New Caledonia); Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal); North America (U.S.A.); Central America and West Indies (Jamaica). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne but may be spread by leaf contact (18: 113). Also widely disseminated on infected bulbs and cuttings (26: 147). Excessive soil moisture favours infection (21: 526; 32: 510). Injuries caused by nematodes (32: 510) or frost (11: 330) have also predisposed hosts to infection.

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IDENTIFIKASI JENIS TUMBUHAN BAWAH YANG BERKHASIAT OBAT DI KAWASAN ARBORETUM SYLVA UNIVERSITAS TANJUNGPURA

Jurnal TENGKAWANG ◽

10.26418/jt.v8i1.24589 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yohanes Ason ◽

Farah Diba ◽

M Sofwan Anwari

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Ornamental Plants ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Imperata Cylindrica ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Ageratum Conyzoides ◽

Melastoma Malabathricum ◽

Asplenium Nidus ◽

Understorey Plants

Understorey plants has many function, beside for the ornamental plants, it also has a function for medicinal plants. The research aimed to exploration understorey plant in Arboretum Sylva Universitas Tanjungpura and identification the understorey plants as medicinal plant. Arboretum Sylva Universitas Tanjungpura was located in the central of Pontianak City with average area around 3.2 hectares. The methods for exploration and identification the understorey plants were with inventory methods in all area of arboretum. The plant was collected and identification the used of plant to medicine was conduct by in depth interview with the person who has used the plants and from references of literature. The result of research found 23 understorey plants and divided into 19 families. The understorey plants which has a function for medicinal plants consist of Imperata cylindrica, Asplenium nidus, Lophatherum gracile, Stenochlaena palustris, Piper aduncum Lim, Melastoma malabathricum, Mimosa pudica, Ageratum conyzoides, Pyrrosia piloselloides, Justicia gendarussa, Cordyline fruiticosa, Sansevieria trifasciata, Manihot esculenta, Capsicum frutescens, Nymphaea alba, Ananas comosus, Euphorbia tithymaloides, Phyllanthus urinaria, Saccharum officinarum, Alpinia galanga, Aloe vera, Piper ningrum and Pandanus amaryllifolius. The families of understorey plants consist of Poaceace, Aspleniaceae, Blechnaceae, Piperaceace, Melastomaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Polypodiaceae, Acanthaceae, Asparagaceae, Ruscaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Solanaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Bromeliaceae, Phyllanthaceae, Zingiberaceae, Xanthorrhoeaceae, and Pandanaceae. The plants use to overcome the fever, headache, reduce high blood pressure, and anti-inflamation.Keyword: Arboretum Sylva, fever, medicinal plants, understorey plants, Zingiberaceae

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Analisa Aktivitas Antibakteri Rebusan Daun Sirih Dengan Rebusan Daun Kemangi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus mutans

Hang Tuah Medical journal ◽

10.30649/htmj.v18i1.459 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 36

Author(s):

ENNY WILLIANTI ◽

THEODORA THEODORA ◽

WAHYUNI DYAH PARMASARI

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Observational Research ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Oral Flora ◽

Betel Leaf ◽

Growth Of Bacteria

ABSTRACT Background: Betel leaf contains essential oils consisting of bethelphenol, kavikol, sesquiterpenes, hydroxycavikol, cavibetol, estragol, eugenol and carvacrol. Essential oils are antibacterial due to the presence of phenol compounds and their derivatives that can denature the bacterial cell proteins. Basil leaves contain compounds from essential oils, namely 1,8-cineole, ß-bisabolene, and methyl eugenol. These three ingredients are soluble to ethanol and can cause damage to the cell membranes of the Streptococcus mutans bacteria, which are members of the normal oral flora but can turn into pathogens if the balance of normal flora is disturbed. The aim of this study was to determine the difference in the activity of the antibacterial of decoction betel leaf (piper betle L. ) with a decoction of basil leaves (ocimum sanctum) against growth of bacteria Streptococcus mutans (in vitro study).Method: this observational research with disk diffusion techniques. This study observed and measured the diameter of the inhibitory zone in MHA formed by decoction of betel leaf (piper betle L) and basil leaf (ocimum sanctum) in units of millimeters (mm). There were 2 groups with 16 replications.Results: the results of the description test showed that the antibacterial activity of the betel leaf decoction and the highest decoction of basil leaf was 17 mm and the lowest was 15 mm, but the average antibacterial value of betel leaf decoction (15,81) greater than the average value of antibacterial activity of basil leaf (15.75). This is because there are chemicals contained in betel leaf similar as contained in basil leaf, namely essential oils.Conclusion: there is no difference in the antibacterial activity of decoction betel leaf with decoction basil leaf against growth of bacteria Streptococcus mutans. Keywords: Betel leaf decoction, basil leaf decoction, Streptococcus mutans. Abstrak Latar Belakang: Daun sirih mengandung minyak atsiri yang terdiri dari bethelphenol, kavikol, seskuiterpen, hydroxycavikol,cavibetol, estragol, eugenol dan carvacrol. Minyak atsiri bersifat antibakteri karena adanya senyawa phenol dan turunannya yang dapat mendenaturasi protein sel bakteri. Daun kemangi mengandung senyawa dari minyak atsiri yaitu 1,8-cineole, ß-bisabolene, metyl eugenol. Ketiga bahan tersebut memiliki sifat larut terhadap etanol dan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan membran sel bakteri streptococcus mutans yang merupakan anggota flora normal rongga mulut tetapi dapat berubah menjadi patogen jika keseimbangan flora normal terganggu.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan aktivitas antibakteri rebusan daun sirih (piper betle L) dengan rebusan daun kemangi (ocimum sanctum) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans (penelitian in vitro).Metode: penelitian observasional ini dengan teknik difusi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengamati dan mengukur diameter zona hambat pada MHA yang dibentuk oleh rebusan daun sirih (piper betle L) dan daun kemangi (ocimum sanctum) dalam satuan milimeter (mm). Terdapat 2 kelompok dengan replikasi sebanyak 16.Hasil : Hasil uji deskripsi menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antibakteri pada rebusan daun sirih maupun rebusan daun kemangi yang tertinggi sebesar 17 mm dan yang terendah 15 mm. Tetapi pada nilai rata-rata efektifitas antibakteri rebusan daun sirih (15,81) lebih besar daripada nilai rata-rata efektifitas antibakteri rebusan daun kemangi (15,75). Hal ini dikarenakan ada zat kimia yang terkandung dalam daun sirih mirip dengan yang terkandung dalam daun kemangi, yaitu minyak atsiri.Kesimpulan : tidak ada perbedaan aktivitas antibakteri rebusan daun sirih dengan rebusan daun kemangi terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Kata kunci: rebusan daun sirih, rebusan daun kemangi, Streptococcus mutans.

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Erwinia chrysanthemi. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria ◽

10.1079/dfb/20056400553 ◽

1977 ◽

Author(s):

J. F. Bradbury

Keyword(s):

Geographical Distribution ◽

Solomon Islands ◽

Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Erwinia Chrysanthemi ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽

Stalk Rot ◽

Water Splash ◽

Aechmea Fasciata

Abstract A description is provided for Erwinia chrysanthemi. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a number of widely different plants, including Aechmea fasciata, Aglaonema pictum, Ananas comosus, Begonia bertini, Chrysanthemum spp., Colocasia esculenta, Dahlia spp., Dianthus caryophyllus, Dieffenbachia spp., Euphorbia pulcherrima, Musa sp., Parthenium argentatum, Philodendron spp., Saccharum officinarum, Saintpaulia ionantha, Syngonium podophyllum and Zea mays. DISEASE: Symptoms are stunting, yellowing, wilting, necrosis of parenchyma or soft rotting according to host plant, pathotype and environmental conditions. Stunting and wilting usually appear on Begonia, Chrysanthemum, carnation, Dahlia and poinsettia. Rots appear on leaves of Aechmea, Philodendron and Saintpaulia, while various other parts show rotting with other hosts. On sugarcane a leaf mottle is produced. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: The species is probably world wide, but the different distributions of the strains or pathotypes (see below) must be distinguished as follows: Dianthus: Europe (CMI Map 425, ed. 1, 1967) to which should be added Italy (46, 3461), USA (47, 2498) and New Zealand (52, 3341); Zea: Egypt, Sudan, Rhodesia, S. Africa, India, USA, France, Italy, possibly Greece; Chrysanthemum: UK, Germany, Italy, Canada, USA, Japan; Dahlia: Netherlands, Romania; Dieffenbachia: Germany, Italy, USA; Saintpaulia: France, Germany, USA; Begonia: Netherlands; Aechmea: Italy; Ananas: Malaysia; Colocasia: Solomon Islands; Musa: Central America and probably most other banana-growing areas; Philodendron, Parthenium, Euphorbia and Aglaonema: all confined to USA; Saccharum: Australia (Qd., NSW). TRANSMISSION: Usually in or on vegetative propagating material. Cuttings and setts from infected plants are frequently infected. Cutting knives may carry inoculum to healthy material. Transmission in soil and planting medium is also possible. Serious outbreaks have occurred after holding a large number of cuttings together in water prior to planting. The sugarcane pathogen is rapidly spread by flood water (48, 2533). Maize stalk rot is carried by water splash. It is often associated with overhead irrigation (48, 1675; 55, 204).

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Metamasius hemipterus. [Distribution map].

Distribution Maps of Plant Pests ◽

10.1079/dmpp/20073255769 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

French Guiana ◽

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Virgin Islands ◽

Equatorial Guinea ◽

Distribution Map ◽

Palm Species ◽

Metamasius Hemipterus ◽

New Distribution ◽

Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Metamasius hemipterus (Linnaeus) Coleoptera: Curculionidae. Hosts: coconut (Cocos nucifera), banana (Musa spp.), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and other plants including palm species. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (UK), Africa (Cameroon, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria), North America (Mexico, USA, Florida), Central America and Caribbean (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St Kitts Nevis, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Virgin Islands), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Goias, Maranhao, Para, Parana, Pernambuco, Rondonia, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela), Oceania (Australia, Queensland).

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Criblage phytochimique et activité antimicrobienne de six rhizomes comestibles utilisés en médecine traditionnelle à Lubumbashi (RDC)

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences ◽

10.4314/ijbcs.v14i4.16 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 1367-1380

Author(s):

Valentin Chiribagula Bashige ◽

Amuri Salvius Bakari ◽

Philippe Ndjolo Okusa ◽

Emery Mutombo Kalonda ◽

Jean Baptiste Simbi Lumbu

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Trichophyton Rubrum ◽

Imperata Cylindrica ◽

Activité Antibactérienne ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Chemical Screening ◽

Médecine Traditionnelle

Les affections microbiennes constituent des pathologies dominantes en RDC où pour y faire face la population recourt aux plantes. Cette étude a été conduite en vue d’évaluer l’activité antimicrobienne et identifier des groupes phytochimiques à potentiel antimicrobien de six rhizomes comestibles, utilisées en médecine traditionnelle à Lubumbashi. Le criblage phytochimique réalisé par des réactions classiques en solution a permis d’identifier dans tous les rhizomes, des flavonoïdes, des saponines, des tannins et dans 66,7% d’entre eux, des quinones et des terpénoïdes. La méthode de dilution a permis d’évaluer l’activité antibactérienne des extraits aqueux (EAQ) et méthanoliques (EME) qui ont tous été actif avec une intensité allant de très forte (CMI = 1,7 μg/mL) à moyenne (CMI = 50 μg/mL). Eriosema verdikii (EME : CMI = 1,7 μg/mL sur N. meningitidis et S. aureus) a présenté la meilleure activité antibactérienne et Imperata cylindrica (EAQ : CMI = 1,7 μg/mL sur Trichophyton rubrum), la meilleure activité antifongique. Le potentiel antimicrobien de ces rhizomes mis en évidence in vitro dans cette étude, fait des espèces étudiées des candidates à des investigations approfondies pouvant aboutir à la mise au point des médicaments traditionnels améliorés ou à la découverte de nouvelles molécules antibactériennes.Mots clés : antifongique, antibactérien, criblage chimique, rhizomes comestibles, Lubumbashi. English Title: Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Six Edible Rhizomes Used in Traditional Medicine in Lubumbashi (DRC)Microbial infections are dominant pathologies in the DRC where, to deal with them, several people resort to plants used in traditional medicine. This assesses the antimicrobial activity of six edible rhizomes used in traditional medicine in the city of Lubumbashi (DRC) and identifies phytochemical groups. Phytochemical screening by solution reactions allowed the identification of flavonoids, saponins and tannins in all rhizomes, and in 66.7% of the rhizomes were found quinones and terpenoids. The dilution method allowed the evaluation of antibacterial activity, aqueous (EAQ) and methanolic (EME) extracts. This varies from very high (MIC = 1.7 μg / mL) to medium (MIC = 50 μg / mL). Eriosema verdikii (EME: MIC = 1.7 μg / mL on N. meningitidis and S. aureus) has the greatest antibacterial in the collection and Imperata cylindrica (EAQ: MIC = 1.7 μg / mL On Trichophyton rubrum), the greatest antifungal activity. The results obtained by this study show that the six rhizomes studied, along with their food virtues, possess antibacterial and antifungal properties that can explain their use in traditional medicine against various conditions; In addition, the various phytochemical groups within them would play an important role in the proven virtues.Keywords: antifungal, antibacterial, chemical screening, edible rhizomes, Lubumbashi

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