scholarly journals Sectorial Output Growth and Commercial Bank Credit Nexus in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-102
Author(s):  
Adedigba Praise Abina ◽  
Emeka Obi
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Bank Credit ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Production Sector

This study investigates the nexus between sectorial output growth and commercial bank credit in Nigeria. Sectorial output growth was broken down into three different proxies which include production sector, Commercial sector and Service sector contribution to gross domestic product while bank credit to production sector, general commerce and service sector served as the independent variables which are used to proxy commercial bank credit. The study made use of secondary data obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical bulletin for the period 1981 to 2019. It employed Descriptive Statistics, Phillips-Perron (PP) Unit Root Test, Simple Regression Analysis and Granger Causality Test. The Granger Causality result showed that bi-directional causality is identified in the three models while there were positive and significant relationship between bank credit to production sector, general commerce, service sector and production sector contribution to gross domestic product, general commerce sector contribution to gross domestic product and service sector contribution to gross domestic product respectively. The paper therefore recommends that the regulatory authorities should prioritize more on increasing and easing the requirements needed from deficit spenders to secure credit from commercial banks in Nigeria.

The relationship between energy consumption and gross domestic product in Hong Kong (1992–2015): Evidence from sectoral analysis and implications on future energy policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-236
Author(s):  
Ruixiaoxiao Zhang ◽  
Geoffrey QP Shen ◽  
Meng Ni ◽  
Johnny Wong
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Per Capita

The causal relationship between energy consumption and gross domestic product in Hong Kong from 1992 to 2015 is investigated in this study. Different from the previous studies focusing on the causal relationship between total energy consumption and total gross domestic product per capita, this study further investigates the causal relationship from sectoral perspective, including residential, commercial, industrial and transportation sectors. For each sector, the time series data of sectoral energy consumption and sectoral per capita value added are collected. To conduct the Granger causality test, the unit root test is first applied to analyse the stationarity of time series. The cointegration test is then employed to examine whether causal relationship exists in long-term. Finally, based on the aforementioned tests, both vector error correction model and vector autoregression model can be selected to determine the Granger causality between time series. It is interesting to find that the sectoral energy consumption and corresponding sectoral per capita value-added exhibit quite different causal relationships. For both residential sector and commercial sectors, a unidirectional causal relationship is found running from the sectoral per capita value added to sectoral energy consumption. Oppositely, for industrial sector and transportation sector, a unidirectional causal relationship is found running from sectoral energy consumption to sectoral per capita value added. Regarding the Granger causality test results, the indicative suggestions on energy conservation policies, energy efficiency policies and greenhouse gas emission reduction policies are discussed based on the background of Hong Kong’s economic structure and fuel types.

scholarly journals The Effect Of Credit To The Inflation Rate Through Gross Domestic Product In Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Anas Iswanto Anwar ◽  
Ali Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Bank Credit ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Credit Channels ◽  
Transmission Of Monetary Policy

Credit markets are not always balanced because of unbalanced information and other causes. There are two credit channels that influence the transmission of monetary policy from finance to the real sector, namely bank credit channels that are more concerned with the behavior of banks that are more selective in credit selection because of asymmetric information.This study aims to determine the effect of credit that consists of investment credit, working capital credit and consumption credit to the inflation rate through Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Indonesia. The overall data used in this study is secondary data from the result of systematic recording in the form of time series from 2007 to 2016 obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics, Bank Indonesia Report and Indonesian Banking Statistics. Data were analyzed by using multiple regression with Ordinary Least Square (OLS) approach. Based on the results of the research, simultaneous credit has a positive and significant effect on inflation through GDP and partially found that investment credit and working capital credit have positive and significant effect to inflation through GDP, while consumption credit has positive and insignificant effect.

scholarly journals ANALISA HUBUNGAN ANTARA PRODUK DOMESTIK BRUTO DAN EKSPOR INDONESIA (UJI KAUSALITAS GRANGER)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Debora Silvia Hutagalung ◽  
◽  
Junaidi Siahaan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Trade Theory ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Macroeconomic Theory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Domestic Products

This study entitled "Analysis of The Relationship Between Gross Domestic Product and Indonesian Exports (Granger causality test)”. This research was conducted because of the dualism of the theory between the two variables. In macroeconomic theory, the relationship between Gross Domestic Product is one of the similarities, because exports contribute to Gross Domestic Products on the demand side, while neoclassical trade theory emphasizes causality related to household production and assistance for exports.The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between Gross Domestic Product and exports. This study uses several analytical methods: Unit Root Test, CointegrationTest, Granger Causality Test using the E-views program7 and using Quarterly data.The results of the estimation of this study are the estimation of the relationship in GDP and exports, or in other words the Gross Domestic Product affects Indonesia's exports. This is concluded based on the estimation results that can be seen from the statistical F value that is greater than the f-table (8.958205> 3.841466) on the Null hypothesis. GDP is not an Export Granger with a 95% confidence level. This means, GDP affects exports When GDP can affect the level of exports in the intervals of 2000 to 2012.Keywords:Gross Domestic Product(GDP), Exports, Granger Causality Test

Pengaruh Variabel Makroekonomi dan Variabel Spesifik Bank Terhadap Non Performing Financing Pada Bank Umum Syariah dan Unit Usaha Syariah di Indonesia Periode 2013-2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Daisy Firmansari ◽  
Noven Suprayogi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Business Unit ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Quarterly Data

This research attempt to analyze the effect of variable gross domestic product (GDP), inflation and financing to deposit ratio (FDR) to non performing financing (NPF) of Islamic Commercial Bank and Islamic Business Unit in Indonesia. This research using quantitative methods. The study is based on quarterly data for the period 2003-2014. Typed of data used are the secondary data from official website Indonesian Bank and Bureau Statistic Center. The analytical methods used in this study is the method of multiple linear regression with a significance level of 0,05.The result of this research indicate that gross domestic product and inflation partially provide a significant influence to non performing financing. Only financing to deposit ratio have an insignificant influence to non performing financing. However, gross domestic product, inflation and financing to deposit ratio simultaneously provide a signification effect to non performing financing.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KAUSALITAS INVESTASI DENGAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Know How ◽  
Vector Auto Regression ◽  
Auto Regression

This research aim to know how the relation of causality between investment, in this case governmental investment and investment of private sector with growth of Indonesia. Data applied is data time series during 36 years and is secondary data. There are some variable applied in this research, that is: growth of chartered investment counsel proxy with value GDP, investment of government proxy with disbursement of government, investment of foreign private sector (PMA) and investment of domestic private sector (PMDN). Method applied analyst to the relation of causality is with approach of model Vector Auto Regression (VAR). To test there are no of the relation of causal between variable is applied [by] causality test Granger. Result of testing of Granger indicates that there are three the relation of concurrent. Based on the result, hence chartered gross domestic product (GDP), governmental investment and investment of domestic private sector (PMDN) in significant influences investment of foreign private sector (PMA) and not happened on the contraryDOI: 10.15408/sjie.v2i1.2370

scholarly journals INFLATION PERSISTENCE IN NORTH SUMATERA PROVINCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wily Julitawaty
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Domestic Product

The purpose of this study was to determine the persistence of inflation in major North Sumatera Province in 2007 until 2012 and value contributed Output Growth  (GDP) of North Sumatera, Exchange Rate, Interest Rate and Error Correction Term about Inflation in North Sumatera. Data is used secondary data from general Consumer Price Index  (CPI) from North Sumatera Province include Medan, Pematangsiantar, Sibolga and Padangsidempuan monthly of January 2007 until December 2012. And secondary data Consumer Price Index  (CPI) of North Sumatera Province, Gross Domestic Product of  Province Sumatera Utara, Exchange Rate and Interest Rate of BI Rate yearly of 1999 until 2012. Model is used model econometric with Autoregressive method and Error Correction Model. Result of this research with estimation of  VAR model concludes that degree of persistence of 4 town from North Sumatera Province is low. Result of estimation of model ECM concludes that Interest Rate significantly affect to inflation rate, while Gross Domestic Product of  North Sumatera Province and Exchange Rate not significantly affect to inflation rate. While ECT becomes significant correction to variable inflation rate. Where the form of error correction in the ECM suggests a long-term relationship between the variables inflation, GDP variable, the variable exchange rate and variable interest rate is comparable.

scholarly journals Relation between Sectoral Distribution of Commercial Bank Credit and Economic Growth in Sri Lanka

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Muthusamy ◽  
N. J. Dewasiri ◽  
Y. K. B. Weerakoon ◽  
A. A. M. D. Amarasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Bank Credit ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of sectoral distribution of commercial bank credit on economic growth in Sri Lanka based on data from 2005 to 2017. The Auto-regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is used to investigate short and long run impact of sectoral distribution of commercial bank credit on Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The findings of the ARDL Error Correction model indicate that the commercial bank sectoral credit distribution is significantly explaining the short run economic growth. Moreover, ARDL long run form and bounds test shows that there is a long run relation between the variables. The industrial sector has a long run positive relationship with GDP while the other sectors are insignificant in explaining long run economic growth. According to the results, the government can motivate banks to distribute credit facilities to the industry sector to boost GDP in the long-run. This is the first study that discusses the sectoral distribution of commercial bank credit on economic growth of Sri Lanka as per the best of the authors‟ knowledge. Keywords Commercial bank, Credit, Economic growth, Gross Domestic Product

scholarly journals Dampak Makroekonomi terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Fitra Rizal ◽  
Muchtim Humaidi
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Operational Unit

Abstract: Islamic banking in Indonesia has developed, but the target of market share of 5% can not be achieved. These conditions caused the profitability of Islamic banking being very interesting to study. This study was conducted to examine the effect of Macroeconomic indicators as measured by Inflation, Exchange Rate and Gross Domestic Product to the Return on Asset of Islamic Banking in Indonesia. Population of this study is all of sharia commercial bank and sharia operational unit during nine years of the study since 2005 till 2013. The data in this study are secondary data that contains of Inflation, Exchange Rate, Gross Domestic Product and Return on Asset obtained from sharia banking statitics and monetery data that had been published by Bank Indonesia. This study use double linier regretion method with clasic assumption test. This study proved that Inflation, Exchange Rate and Gross Domestic Product simultaneously have significant effect to Return on Asset of Islamic banking in Indonesia. Partially, only the Gross Domestic Product variable has the positive and significant effect to Return on Asset of Islamic banking in Indonesia, while Inflation and Exchange Rate variable have no significant effect. الملخص: تشهد خدمات البنوك الإسلامية في إندونيسيا نمواً وتحسناً، لكن لم يكن تحقيق الحصة السوقية المستهدفة بالغة إلى 5٪. أدت هذه الظروف إلى أن تكون البنوك الإسلامية مثيرة الاهتمام للدراسة والبحوث. جرت هذه الدراسة لتحديد مدى تأثير مؤشرات الاقتصاد الكلي المقاسة بواسطة التضخم وسعر الصرف والناتج المحلي الإجمالي على العائد على الأصول البنوك الإسلامية في إندونيسيا. أما سكان البحث في هذه الدراسة كانت جميع البنوك التجارية الإسلامية ووحدات الأعمال الإسلامية خلال تسع السنوات من البحث منذ 2005 إلى 2013. البيانات المستخدمة في هذه الدراسة هي البيانات الثانوية، وهي التضخم وأسعار الصرف والناتج المحلي الإجمالي والعائد على الأصول التي حصل عليها من إحصاءات البنوك الإسلامية والبيانات النقدية لبنك إندونيسيا التي تم نشرها. تقنية التحليل المستخدمة هي الانحدار الخطي المتعدد. تثبت هذه الدراسة أن التضخم  وسعر الصرف والناتج المحلي الإجمالي يكون له تأثير كبير على العائد على الأصول للبنوك الإسلامية في إندونيسيا. بينما جزئيًا، فإن الناتج المحلي الإجمالي فقط له تأثير إيجابي وهام على العائد على الأصول البنوك الإسلامية في إندونيسيا ، في حين أن التضخم والبورصة ليس لها تأثير كبير. Abstrak: Perbankan syariah di Indonesia mengalami perkembangan, tetapi target pangsa pasar sebesar 5% belum dapat tercapai. Kondisi tersebut mengakibatkan profitabilitas perbankan syariah menjadi sangat menarik untuk diteliti. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh indikator Makroekonomi yang diukur dengan Inflasi, Kurs dan Produk Domestik Bruto terhadap Return on Asset perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh bank umum syariah dan unit usaha syariah selama sembilan tahun penelitian 2005 sampai 2013. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yaitu data Inflasi, Kurs, Produk Domestik Bruto dan  Return on Asset yang diperoleh dari Statistik Perbankan Syariah dan data moneter Bank Indonesia yang dipublikasikan oleh Bank Indonesia. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa variabel Inflasi, Kurs dan Produk Domestik Bruto secara simultan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhada Return on Asset perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Sedangkan secara parsial, hanya variabel Produk Domestik Bruto yang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Return on Asset perbankan syariah di Indonesia, sementara variabel Inflasi dan Kurs tidak berpengaruh siginfikan.

scholarly journals Financial intermediation in deposit money banks and Nigerian economy

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Financial Intermediation ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Bank Credit ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Real Sector

The paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on financial intermediation in deposit money banks and economic growth in Nigeria. The main purpose of the research is to examine the relationship between financial intermediation in deposit money banks and the Nigerian economy. A systematization literary approach for solving the problem is Regression Analysis. Secondary data was sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin. The results of findings within the years of analysis (2000-2017) indicated that there was significant relationship between Total Bank Credit and monetary policy indices on deposit money banks in Nigeria. It was also discovered that there was significant relationship between Gross domestic product and total credit in deposit money banks of Nigeria. Based on the objective and findings of this study, the study therefore recommends that Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria should foster higher level of liquidity in order to increase its ability to cover withdrawals made by its customers and to increase the loan and advances to customers even with the monetary policy indices on deposit money banks. The study also recommends that Deposit Money banks should distribute adequate credit to the real sector for productive purposes in order to increase Gross domestic product. The conclusions that can be drawn from the findings of this study is that with the level of minimum reserve maintained by Deposit Money bank with Central bank of Nigeria, there is adequate availability of credit for real sector investments. High lending rates of deposit money banks may make many customers/investors to consider other sources of finance. Bank Credit/loan is still greatly increasing the production of goods and services in the Nigeria Deposit Money Banking System because of utilisation of the loans by investors.

POSSIBILITIES OF REALIZATION OF SERVICE SECTOR POTENTIAL IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Melnichuk
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Trade In Services ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
The World

The relevance of the study is due to the growing role of services in the world economy. Trade in services has become the dominant driver of economic growth and development in both developed and developing economies. Since the 1980s, data suggest that there is a stronger relationship between trade in services and gross domestic product (GDP) than in the case of commodity growth and GDP. It is noted that the quality of policies, regulations and institutional frameworks is a key factor in determining the effectiveness of services. As services are increasingly subject to liberalization through multilateral and regional trade agreements, it is important that countries develop harmonized approaches to internal regulation and trade liberalization in the services sector. The article identifies the features and characteristics of the service sector as a factor of multifaceted development and growth. The dynamics of international trade in services by geographical structure and types of development of countries is studied on the basis of statistical data of international organizations, taking into account the impact of the pandemic. It is noted that international trade in services is becoming an increasingly important part of global commerce. The problematic aspects of the activity of small business entities to enter foreign markets of services are considered. The issue of urgency of digital economy development for the sphere of services and contribution to world markets is outlined. Opening up the services sector has the potential to bring great benefits and deserves more attention. Further prospects for the realization of entrepreneurial potential in a comprehensive global economy are outlined. It is noted that services are an important part of the world economy, generating more than two-thirds of world gross domestic product (GDP), attracting more than three-quarters of foreign direct investment in developed economies, and creating most of new jobs worldwide. Establishing effective coordination mechanisms between trade negotiators, policymakers and regulators will be an important tool for the development of the global economy.

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