scholarly journals Gender in the Perspective of Islamic Shari'a and Constitution (Straightening the View of the Relationship between Women and Men)

Author(s):  
Muhammad Sabir ◽  
Aris Aris

In this research discuss about the relationship between men and women. In the existing reality, women are still marginalized since ancient times until now. This is due to the influence of understanding on religious texts and various other factors so that the differences in the relationship between the two can be seen in all aspects of life. The research method used is library research. In this study, it is argued that in the perspective of Islamic law, the relationship between the two is the same in terms of identity to the creator (worship of mahdah and gairu mahdah) as well as in the constitution that everyone has the same rights on politic, law, voting, and education. Everyone without exception has protection and right in the law.

Author(s):  
Heri Herdiawanto ◽  
Valina Singka Subekti

This study examines Hamka's political thinking about Islam and the State in the Basic State debate that took place in the Constituent Assembly 1956-1959. Hamka belongs to the basic group of defenders of the Islamic state with Mohammad Natsir in the Masyumi faction, fighting for Islamic law before other factions namely the Nationalists, Communists, Socialists, Catholics-Protestants and members of the Constituent Assembly who are not fractured. Specifically examines the issue of why Islam is fought for as a state basis by Hamka. and how Hamka thought about the relationship between Islam and the state. The research method used is a type of library research with literature studies or documents consisting of primary and secondary data and reinforced by interviews. The theory used in this study is the theory of religious relations (Islam) and the state. This study found the first, according to Hamka, the Islamic struggle as the basis of the state was as a continuation of the historical ideals of the Indonesian national movement. The second was found that the constituent debate was the repetition of Islamic and nationalist ideological debates in the formulation of the Jakarta Charter. Third, this study also found Hamka's view that the One and Only God Almighty means Tauhid or the concept of the Essence of Allah SWT. The implication of this research theory is to strengthen Islamic thinking legally formally, that is thinking that requires Islam formally plays a major role in state life. The conclusion is that Indonesian society is a heterogeneous society in terms of religion. This means that constitutionally the state recognizes the diversity of religions embraced by the Indonesian people and guarantees the freedom of every individual to embrace religion and realize the teachings he believes in all aspects of life. Hamka in the Constituent Assembly stated that the struggle to establish a state based on Islam rather than a secular state for Islamic groups was a continuation of the ideals of historical will.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Fakhrurrazi M.Yunus ◽  
Zahratul Aini

Abstrak: Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan adanya Pasal yang mengatur tentang perkawinan beda agama, dalam Pasal 35 huruf (a) yang menyatakan bahwa perkawinan yang ditetapkan oleh pengadilan. Namun dalam Undang-Undang tersebut tidak diatur secara jelas, sehingga memberi peluang timbulnya dampak negatif. Namun yang diakui di Indonesia jika pasangan suami istri yang berbeda agama harus memeluk agama yang sama di salah satu pasangan dengan maksud mereka harus pindah agama baik memeluk agama istri maupun suami. Dengan adanya berbagai kemudharatan yang timbul, maka hal itu tidak sesuai dengan hukum Islam. Oleh karena itu, penulis ingin mengetahui dampak perkawinan beda agama yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang administrasi  kependudukan dan tinjuan hukum Islam terhadap perkawinan beda agama dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 tahun 2006. Dalam penelitian ini, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Kualitatif. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian, dampak dari perkawinan beda agama yaitu dampak terhadap rumah tangga yang tidak harmonis menimbulkan kegelisahan, dan sulitnya berkomunikasi. Dampak terhadap anak yang membuat hubungan antara keluarga yaitu anak dan orang tua menjadi kacau dan tidak utuh karena mengetahui kedua orang tuanya berbeda keyakinan. Dampak terhadap harta warisan yang mengakibatkan anak yang lahir dari perkawinan beda agama tidak mempunyai hak untuk mendapatkan harta warisan apabila tidak seagama dengan pewaris yang dalam hal ini pewaris beragama Islam. Adapun tinjauan hukum Islam menyatakan bahwa perkawinan beda agama itu tidak sah, karena menurut fatwa MUI Nomor:4/MUNASVII/MUI/8/2005 menetapkan bahwa nikah beda agama hukumnya haram yang diperkuat dengan firmannya dalam surat al-mumtahanah ayat 10 dan al-baqarah ayat 221.Abstract: in Law No. 23 of 2006 on the administration of the population of the article governing the marriage of different religions, in article 35 letter (a) stating that the marriage is established by the court. But the law is not regulated, so it allows causing negative impacts. But it is recognized in Indonesia if different couples of religion must embrace the same religion in one partner with the intention they have to move religion both embrace the religion of the wife and husband. With the various blessings that arise, it is not under Islamic law. Therefore, the author wants to know the impact of the marriage of different religions organized in law Number 23 the year 2006 about the administration of population and the Islamic law to the marriage of different religions in the law Number 23 the year 2006. In this study, the research method used was qualitative. Based on the results of the study, the impact of the marriage of different religions is the impact on the unharmonious households raises anxiety, and difficulty communicating. The impact on the child who makes the relationship between the family is the child and the parent becomes chaotic and not intact because knowing both parents are different beliefs. The impact on the inheritance that resulted in children born from the marriage of different religions does not have the right to obtain inheritance if not as religious as the heir, in this case, Muslim heirs. The review of Islamic law states that the marriage of different religions is not valid, because according to fatwa MUI number: 4/MUNASVII/MUI/8/2005 stipulates that the marriage of different religious religion is haram strengthened by his word in Sura al-Mumtahanah verse 10 and al-Baqarah verses 221.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Luqman Nurhisam ◽  
Dimas Aprilianto

<p class="Default"><em>Bank secrecy refer to secrets in the relationship between a bank and a customer. In accordance with Article 40 paragraph (1) of Law Number 10 Year 1998 concerning Banking, it is stated that banks are required to keep confidential information regarding their depositing customers and their deposits. The research was conducted using the library research method, which looks for normative sources of law by reviewing the laws and regulations that apply or are applied to a particular legal problem. The approach used is the statutory approach, namely the approach taken by examining laws relating to bank secrecy. The purpose of this study is to further examine how Islamic law views the regulation of bank secrecy in Indonesia. The results of this study are related to the maintenance of one of the basic needs elements, namely assets that must be protected (hifdz al-maal), so if other parties ask for an explanation of the financial condition of a customer from a bank, this is not allowed.</em></p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 46-73
Author(s):  
Hafidhul Umami

Marriage is a very sacred thing considering that it can legalize the relationship between a man and a woman, but many parties consider marriage to be an ordinary bond as evidenced by rampant prostitution wrapped in abusive marriages or contract marriage. It is important to overcome such things by passing the Marriage Law number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage, one of which is related to marriage registration. Islamic law does not explicitly discuss marriage registration, considering that in early Islam (ancient times) there was not much prostitution engineering in the name of marriage, in modern times there has been a lot of such prostitution to anticipate the emergence of the law on marriage registration. Marriage registration which is a government regulation does not violate the provisions in Islamic law and even supports Islamic law. Because this can bring maslahah and reject madlarat. This is in accordance with the principles of Islamic law, namely paying attention to the benefit of humans.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Nur Hasan

Studies on maqasid al-shari�ah have been widely written and reviewed by researchers of Islamic law. Some have written about the maqasid al-shari�ah�s concept, the figures� thought, and its application to various Islamic law and social issues. As a new study, maqasid al-shari�ah is widely studied in the context of renewing Islamic law, however little discuss about history of maqasid al-shari�ah and relations with usul al-fiqh. Because historically, the birth of maqasid al-shari�ah can�t be separated from development of usul al-fiqh through the scholars usul al-fiqh. As well as in terms of methodology, maqasid al-shari�ah have a close relationship with method istinba? al-�hkam in usul al-fiqh,� as qiyas,� maslahah al-mursalah, al-�ari�ah �and istihsan. While in terms of application, maqasid al-shari�ah together with usul al-fiqh namely departing from the proposition of naqli (revelation) and �aqli (reason) which is global and analyzes various opinions in deciding Islamic law. It�s just that usul al-fiqh is dominated by linguistic aspects, meanwhile the maqasid al-shari�ah emphasizes the divine aspect behind the law.� That�s why to see relationships among maqasid al-shari�ah and usul al-fiqh, this research uses library research method or literature review by researching the main sources which discusses about relations maqasid al-shari�ah and usul al-fiqh in terms of historical, methodological and applicative.


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-109
Author(s):  
Mohd Huefiros Efizi Husain ◽  
Noor Naemah Abdul Rahman ◽  
Nor Fahimah Mohd Razif

Artikel ini bertujuan mengenalpasti dalil berkaitan yang ditemui dalam Al-Qur'an al-Karim terhadap hubungan di antara francaisor dan francaisi di atas pelaksanaan perniagaan francais. Ia berperanan sebagai panduan secara menyeluruh sepanjang perjanjian berlangsung bagi membatasi berlakunya konflik yang boleh menyimpangi daripada matlamat francais dicapai. Manakala francais pula merupakan model industri yang dilengkapi dengan pakej sedia ada mengikut akta francais persekutuan seperti pendaftaran, latihan dan pemasaran bergantung kepada kehendak syarikat francais masing-masing. Oleh itu, kajian ini mengkelaskan dalil daripada al-Qur'an al-Karim yang berkaitan dengan hubungan francaisor dan francaisi bagi memudahkan rujukan dilakukan mengikut sudut tertentu. Metodologi analisis kualitatif diaplikasikan dalam kajian ini supaya objektif kajian berjaya dipenuhi melibatkan kaedah kepustakaan terhadap pembacaan daripada pelbagai sumber. Hasil kajian mendapati hubungan kedua-duanya dapat ditemui dalam al-Qur'an melibatkan di antaranya sudut pengetahuan, pematuhan dan pertolongan. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar kepentingan memelihara hubungan di kalangan pengusaha perniagaan francais dapat disedari dengan baik berpandukan dalil daripada sumber pertama perundangan syara' dan berupaya memenuhi setiap hak pihak yang terlibat. Abstract This article seeks to identify the relevant evidence found in the Quran on the relationship between franchisors and franchisees in the conduct of franchise business. It serves as a comprehensive guide throughout the agreement to limit conflicts that may deviate from achieving the goals of franchising While franchise is an industry model that comes with existing packages under the federal franchise act such as registration, training and marketing depending on the needs of their respective franchise companies. Therefore, this study describes the evidence in the Quran in relation to franchisors and franchisees relationship to make reference easier for certain angles. The qualitative methodology was applied in this study so that the objectives of the study were successfully fulfilled involving library research method by reading from various sources. The results show that the relationship between the two can be found in the Quran involving knowledge, obedience and help. This study suggests that the importance of maintaining relationships among franchise business owners is well understood based on the evidence from the first source of Islamic law and strive to fulfill every right of the parties involved.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Mustaqim Mustaqim ◽  
Marjai Afan ◽  
Muchamad Chairul Umam

Understanding the Miracles of the Qur'an from the Perspective of Tasyri', Mafaatihul Ghaib, and ScienceThis article aims to examine the miracles of the Qur'an in terms of tasyri’, Mafaatihul Ghaib, and science. In this article, researchers use qualitative research method (library research) which focuses on the study of miracle materials of al-Kariim Qur'an. As for the Qur'an in conveying laws that are taklifi  (loading) is special, by explaining the benefits, prohibitions, orders, madhorotnya, silence, prohibition and all aspects of the law. Then the miracle on the aspect of Mafaatihul Ghaib that the Qur'an contains some occult events that have been and will occur since ancient times until the future that can not be received only with human mind. While the miracle in the aspects of science in the Qur'an is explained about the process of the occurrence of the heavens and the earth, the elements of compounds, and also the function of the creation of mountains for the balance of the earth. Among them are the miracles described in the Qur'an, and of course there are many more aspects that become discussions about the miracles of the Qur'an


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-302
Author(s):  
Abdurrahman Hakim

This research aims to analyze the existence of the asynchronous between the reality of the law in society and the existing law in the legislation concerning early marriage. For this reason, this research will be examined using the anthropological of law as an approach to find out three important aspects as objects of study of legal anthropology, namely knowledge of the community about law, the culture of community law, and the behavior of community law. After that, the case of early marriage will be analyzed using the theory of Maqhasid al-sharia. There are two reasons why this research needs to be studied using the theory of maqasid shariah. First, Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage is a manifestation of Islamic Law. Second, the community considers that early marriage is part of the teachings of Islam because it was once practiced by the Prophet and Aisha. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with the type of library research. The data used are legislation, books, newspapers, journals, and online media.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Lesnida Lesnida

The rampant circulation of dangerous cosmetics is something that needs to be watched out for, because in addition to violating the law, its existence can also endanger its users. Cosmetics that basically function as self-decoration turn into self-destructors. On that basis, this study aims to analyze the law on the use of harmful cosmetics in the perspective of Islamic law. This study uses a qualitative research method based on library research. The main data sources are the Qur'an and Hadith, and the supporting data sources are the thoughts of the four imams of the schools (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, and Hambali) and fatwa the Indonesian Ulama Council. The results of the study indicate that the use of harmful cosmetics is forbidden in Islam, this is in accordance with the word of Allah in the Qur'an Surah al-Ahzab verse 33. All the Imams of the Schools state that the factors of the prohibition of cosmetics are seen from three things, namely the ingredients of manufacture, the method of making them, and the impact it has. If one of the three things is haram, then the cosmetic is not allowed to be used. In addition, in terms of use, Muslims should use cosmetics that have been registered with the Food and Drug Inspection Agency, and also have a halal label issued by the Indonesian Ulama Council.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-58
Author(s):  
Raha Bis Bistara

Artikel ini ingin membahas bagaimana pemikiran Muhammad Iqbal dalam merekonstruksi ajaran Agama Islam yang selama ini dianggap kaku dan bersifat inklusif. Rekonstruksi yang dilakukan oleh Iqbal secara menyeluruh mulai dari pemahaman terhadap ayat-ayat al-Quran, hadis, hukum Islam dan feminisme. Bagi Iqbal kesetaraan antara laki-laki dan perempuan sangat penting hal itu terkait bagaimana posisi perempuan dalam segala lini yang tidak bisa ditawar-tawar lagi. Perbedaan Muhammad Iqbal dengan pemikir muslim yang sama-sama mengkaji gerakan kesetaraan terletak pada esensi ajaran Islam yang direkonstruksi ulang serta tidak mempertentangkan dengan perkembangan zaman. Kita lihat misalnya Fatimah Mernissi dalam gerakan feminisme ia menekankan adanya penafsiran ulang terhadap ayat-ayat al-Quran dan Sunnah yang menempatkan perempuan di bawah laki-laki. Di sinilah letak perbedaan gagasan Iqbal dengan aktifis femenis yang lain. Bagi Iqbal ajaran yang selama ini diyakini sebagai ajaran yang universal dan kaffah ternyata masih terdapat unsur politik yang menyebabkan keterasingan perempuan dalam kancah bernegara. Menurut Iqbal selama akar-akar feminisme dalam Islam tidak dicuatkan, maka selama itu juga laki-laki tidak akan bisa membawa perubahan bagi dirinya sendiri, masyarakat, agama, bangsa dan negara.  Dengan menggunakan metode library research penelitian ini diharapkan bisa memberikan kontribusi besar dalam wacana feminisme Islam yang selama ini dianggap masih tabu dibicarakan dalam tradisi kesarjanaan Islam. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pandangan baru mengenai pemikiran Iqbal tetang feminisme yang jarang sekali dikaji oleh pemikir muslim modern. Di mana yang dikuak oleh Iqbal mengenai esensi ajaran Islam itu sendiri yang bersifat subtil bagi keutuhan umat Islam yang sampai saat ini belum sepenuhnya mereka memahami.   This article discussed about  how Muhammad Iqbal thought in reconstructing the teachings of Islam which has been considered rigid and inclusive. The reconstruction carried out by Iqbal thoroughly began from the understanding of the verses of the Quran, Hadith, Islamic law and feminism. Iqbal reveals that the equality between men and women is very important it is related to women positions in all lines are not negotiable anymore. The differences between Muhammad Iqbal and the other Muslim thinkers who both studied the equality movement lie in the essence of the reconstructed teachings of Islam and do not be opposed with the development of the times. We see, for example Fatimah Mernissi in the feminism movement she emphasizes the re-interpretation of verses of the Quran and sunnah that place women under men. This is Iqbal views are different from other feminist activists. For Iqbal the teachings that have been believed to be universal teachings and kaffah there is still a political element that causes the alienation of women in the state scene. According to Iqbal, as long as the roots of feminism in Islam are not encouraged, then as long as men will not be able to bring about change for themselves, society, religion, nation and country.  By using the library research method, this research is expected to make a big contribution in the discourse of Islamic feminism which has been considered taboo in the tradition of Islamic scholarship. The conclusion of this study is a new view from Iqbal's thinking on feminism that is rarely studied by modern Muslim thinkers. Where Iqbal discussed about the essence of Islamic teachings itself which is subtle for the integrity of Muslims that until now they have not fully understood.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document