scholarly journals The Causality of Deviation from the Optimal Parameters of a Regional Demographic System

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5559-5564
Keyword(s):  
Birth Rate ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Demographic Behavior ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Well Being

This study is based on the identification of causal relationships that determine the current trends in the demographic system of the regions of the Russian Federation. The achievement of optimal parameters of the demographic system is a factor in the implementation of the principle of sustainable development of territories. Demographic behavior is explained from the perspective of an institutional approach and is defined as a reaction and adaptation to changes in the institutional environment. From the standpoint of determinism, the response of the demographic system can be defined as a consequence and causality as the influence of the institutional environment. An attempt to formalize conclusions about the influence of the institutional environment on the demographic parameters of the territory and the application of mathematical research methods have allowed the authors to conclude that the economic well-being of the population was the dominant factor in the increase of the birth rate.

ANALYSIS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF THE POPULATION OF THE VORONEZH REGION FOR 2014-2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 190-198
Author(s):  
Алёна Геннадьевна Деряева ◽  
Владимир Петрович Косолапов ◽  
Галина Владимировна Сыч ◽  
Ольга Геннадьевна Деряева
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
National Project ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government

Существует взаимосвязь между здоровьем населения страны и экономическим, политическим ростом, демографической ситуацией в стране, что признается и медицинской и экономической науками. На сегодня, улучшение демографической ситуации в Российской Федерации является одной из приоритетных задач государства. С каждым годом рождаемость снижается, женщин фертильного возраста становится меньше, число заболеваний репродуктивной системы растет, происходят изменения в нравственных и семейно-брачных отношениях. Все это оказывает негативное влияние на демографическую ситуацию в целом. Для решения этой проблемы правительство Российской Федерации реализует национальные проекты «Здравоохранение» и «Демография», направленные на устранение демографических проблем. По словам заместителя Председателя Правительства Российской Федерации, куратора национального проекта «Демография» Татьяны Голиковой, «Демография» - важнейший национальный проект. Весь комплекс его мероприятий направлен на достижение главной государственной задачи - «Сохранение населения, здоровье и благополучие людей». Данное направление позволит обеспечить эффективное социально-демографическое развитие, и положительно повлияет на социально-экономическую ситуацию в стране. Результаты исследования, представленные в статье, позволяют определить мероприятия по улучшению демографической ситуации в стране, оценить уровень рождаемости, смертности, естественного прироста, младенческую смертность There is a relationship between the health of the country's population and the economic, political growth, demographic situation in the country, which is recognized by the medical and economic sciences. Today, improving the demographic situation in the Russian Federation is one of the priority tasks of the state. Every year the birth rate is decreasing, women of fertile age are decreasing, the number of diseases of the reproductive system is growing, and there are changes in moral and family-marriage relations. All this has a negative impact on the demographic situation as a whole. To solve this problem, the Government of the Russian Federation is implementing the national projects "Healthcare" and "Demography", aimed at eliminating demographic problems. According to the Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation, the curator of the national project "Demography" Tatyana Golikova, "Demography" is the most important national project. The whole range of its activities is aimed at achieving the main state task - "Preservation of the population, health and well-being of people". This direction will ensure effective socio-demographic development, and will have a positive impact on the socio-economic situation in the country. The results of the study presented in the article allow us to determine measures to improve the demographic situation in the country, to assess the level of birth rate, mortality, natural growth, infant mortality

Regional Inequalities in Israel

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Shachar ◽  
G Lipshitz
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Regional Inequalities ◽  
Regional Systems ◽  
Space Economy ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Time Spread ◽  
Economic Well Being

This paper deals with the magnitude and dynamics of regional inequalities in Israel during the period 1962–1976. Economic well-being is measured by regional motorization rates, which were found to be highly correlated with personal income levels. Various measures point towards a divergence in regional inequalities, although the rates of change of these measures are declining with time. An analysis of the spatial pattern of the regional levels of economic well-being indicates a well-defined core–periphery structure which is significantly stable over time. Spread and backwash effects are examined within the labour markets of the primary and secondary cores. This examination shows that backwash effects were the dominant factor in shaping the space-economy within the regional systems. The levels of economic well-being within the labour markets were found to be positively related to the levels of the respective cores. From a policy point of view it can be concluded that the persistent pursuit of the national objective of dispersal of population has been concomitant with an increase in the levels of regional inequalities within a national framework, and that backwash effects have caused an increase in the regional imbalances between the cores and their respective peripheries.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION AND ORGANIZATION PROBLEMS OF INTERNAL AUDIT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AGROSECTOR

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Zh.A. Mosoyan
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Internal Auditors ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Audit System ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Forms

The article reveals the features of the implementation of internal audit in the companies of the agroindustrial sector of Russia, the main difficulties and current trends of its development. Today, the tasks of internal audit are diverse, depending on the industry differences of economic entities, organizational and legal forms, and the preferences of owners and managers of enterprises. To improve the well-being of the enterprise and optimize management activities, it is necessary to implement an independent internal audit system that will have all the necessary human and technical resources. Unfair and ineffective actions of the company's management can be significantly reduced by increasing the level of independence of the internal audit service, providing internal auditors with the necessary methodological tools that are aimed at reducing the likelihood of unfair actions of management and inefficient use of the company's resources. The main difficulties of the development of the internal audit system in the modern conditions of economic activity of agricultural enterprises are analyzed and development options are proposed.

Demographic Well-Being: Theoretical Approaches to Definition and Assessment Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Sergey Ryazantsev ◽  
Timur Miryazov
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual

The article introduces the concept of “demographic well-being”. At the micro level, demographic well-being should be understood as the possibility of realizing matrimonial, reproductive, migration attitudes, which leads to life satisfaction and the achievement of the desired physical, mental, socio-economic state of the individual and the family. Demographic well-being at the level of a country or its region, at the macro level, can be interpreted as a balanced ratio of quantitative and qualitative indicators of the demographic development of a country (region) for at least five years. The article also examines the features of the demographic development of the Russian Federation during the second wave of depopulation. A methodology for assessing demographic well-being based on several criteria is proposed. First, demographic well-being should be characterized by positive (upward) demographic dynamics that have a stable (long-term) character. Secondly, regions in which there is a population growth due to two components – natural and migratory population growth – can be considered demographically prosperous. Regions in which there is a migration or natural decline in population, but there is a general increase, cannot be considered demographically prosperous. Thirdly, the ratio of indicators and the dynamics of fertility and mortality rates can be considered an important point. First of all, this is their direct ratio, where the birth rate should exceed the death rate. At the same time, the birth rate should be close to the population replacement level, and the structure of mortality should have no extreme “surges” in the form of excess mortality in the working age and younger age groups. Fourth, an important point is the qualitative indicators of demographic well-being, including a balanced sex and age structure of the population, the optimal proportion of young people and pensioners, and the availability of labor resources necessary for socio-economic development. The typology of the regions of the Russian Federation according to the indicators of demographic well-being is presented. The authors also propose measures of demographic policy to achieve demographic well-being in the Russian Federation, including federal and regional measures.

The “New Silk Road”: Prospects, Influence of Russia and China

2021 ◽  
pp. 224-235
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Skrylnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Economic Interaction ◽  
Road Project ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Well Being

This article examines the prospects _ for the implementation of the Chinese project “New Silk Road" and assesses the degree of influence of this project on the economic well-being of partner states. Using the examples of the implementation of individual stages of the New Silk Road, the author examines geopolitical shifts that affect trade relations, the existing global_ financial system, including the declared interests in the distribution of world resources between countries. The “New Silk Road" project makes it possible to determine the degree of the Russian Federation’s interest in participation, as well as to identify key issues in the _ field of cooperation and economic interaction between the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China.

scholarly journals Regional Economic Growth; Socio-Economic Disparities among Counties

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Salih Özgür SARICA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
State Government ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
State Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Regional Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Disparities ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
Economic Well Being

State level economy has always been relying on its major metropolitan area’s economic success. So, such metropolitan agglomerations have been considered the only agents that can foster the state’s economic standing as if other economic places do (or may) not have significant contribution to the regional economy. In contrast, as some major cities enhance their economic well-being and agglomerate in specialized sector, the rest of the region lose their economic grounds or stay constant by widening the economic gap among cities. Therefore, an institutional approach can help to establish new regional arrangements to substitute all economic places to coordinate each other and succeed the economic growth as part of state government by reducing the disparities. In this sense, this study builds upon the inquiry that seeks the impacts of some economic disparities among economic places (counties) on the performances of state level regional economy.

scholarly journals Socio-Ecological Inequality in the Russian Federation and Problems of its Measurement

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1047-1062
Author(s):  
Irina P. Glazyrina ◽  
◽  
Irina A. Zabelina
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Accumulation Of Pollutants ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Economic Well Being

The article discusses some approaches and specific ecological and economic indicators that, in the authors’ opinion, have been used more than others in decision-making procedures, in public discourse, and in analysis in connection with the problems of spatial development, including scientific analysis. They are also used for comparative spatial analysis of socio-economic inequality. These include eco-intensity and decoupling coefficients, indicators of per capita environmental pressure and socio-ecological and economic well-being based on the expanded A. Sen’s function calculated by region. It is also shown that the calculation of eco-intensity and decoupling without taking into account the accumulation of pollutants can cause a certain limitation of the potential of these indicators in the context of long-term consequences. The conclusion is justified that these tools for measuring socio-ecological inequality cannot be considered as interchangeable, and it is unlikely that «some are better than others». These indicators provide answers to various questions, and characterize the heterogeneity of socio-ecological conditions in the regions of Russia in different aspects. It seems more reasonable to use this tool as a whole, and apply its individual components depending on the specific tasks related to the spatial development of Russia

scholarly journals Research on the features of innovative social services aimed at improving the quality of life of modern elderly people as the basis for sustainable social development of the country

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 04018
Author(s):  
Alexandra S. Shcheglova
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation

Population aging is an objective global process that is characterized by an increase in the absolute and relative number of older people and a decreasing birth rate. The relevance of this study is that at the beginning of 2019, 146.781 million people lived in Russia, including 68.097 million men and 78.684 million women. Children aged 0 to 9 years - more than 18 million, teenagers from 10 to 19 years - more than 14.7 million people, young people from 20 to 29 years - more than 17.3 million people, 40-year-olds (40-49 years) - almost 20.3 million people, Rosstat calculated. There are 19.8 million pre-retirees aged 50-59 in Russia. In Russia, 60-year - olds and older-22%[15]. The increase in the number of elderly citizens leads to the fact that the state should look for new approaches to social services for the elderly in order to create the most comfortable living conditions for them and extend their period of active and independent longevity. The problem of social services for the elderly in the Russian Federation is particularly relevant at the present time, since the liberal reforms in Russia in the 1990s, associated with fundamental changes in the sphere of distribution relations and the transition to the market, radically changed the social conditions of Russian citizens. The current socio-economic situation in the country does not give confidence to the older generation. The increase in the retirement age and the low level of material pension provision add to modern Russian pensioners and people approaching this age category, worries about their social well-being[1].

scholarly journals Economic conditions of stepfamilies from a cross-national perspective

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-153
Author(s):  
Michaela Kreyenfeld ◽  
Valerie Martin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
Family Types ◽  
Western Germany ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Economic Well Being

This paper investigates the economic conditions of stepfamilies in Germany, the Russian Federation and France using data from the first wave of the Generations and Gender Survey (GGS). The analysis shows that stepfamilies more often report economic hardship than nuclear families in France and Western Germany. Socio-demographic differences between family types – particularly the fact that stepfamilies tend to be larger families – explain the differences in economic well-being between families in France. For Western Germany, differences between nuclear and stepfamilies remain after controlling for socio-economic composition of different family types. For the Russian Federation and Eastern Germany, we do not find any statistically significant differences in economic well-being between stepfamilies and nuclear families. The major dividing line for these regions runs between single parents and other types of families. Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag werden die Daten der ersten Welle des Generations and Gender Survey (GGS) verwendet, um die die ökonomische Situation von Stieffamilien in Deutschland, der russischen Föderation und Frankreich zu untersuchen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Stieffamilien in Frankreich und in Westdeutschland häufiger ökonomischen Schwierigkeiten ausgesetzt sind als Kernfamilien. Soziodemographische Unterschiede zwischen den unterschiedlichen Familientypen, insbesondere die Tatsache, dass Stieffamilien größere Familien mit mehreren Kindern sind, können die Unterschiede in der Einschätzung der ökonomischen Situation in Frankreich erklären. Für Westdeutschland bleiben jedoch auch nach Kontrolle der soziodemographischen Merkmale die Unterschiede zwischen den Familientypen bestehen. Für die russische Föderation und für Ostdeutschland lassen sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede in der Einschätzung der ökonomischen Situation zwischen Stieffamilien und Kernfamilien aufzeigen. Die zentrale Trennlinie verläuft hier zwischen Alleinerziehenden und anderen Familienformen.

scholarly journals Environmental security and sustainable development of large urban centres

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Polyakova ◽  
Larisa Gorina
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
To Come ◽  
Economic Well Being

Our article focuses on the environmental security and sustainable development of large urban centres. In addition, it analyses the demographic and ecological situation in the Russian Federation in order to determine the environmental influence of the social and economic factors as well as the factors of development and growth of large urban hubs. The results demonstrate that there exists a necessity to increase the environmental security in order to foster the sustainable development in the regions and urban centres that would lead to the better satisfaction with the level of life, lower mortality, and growing economic well-being. All of these can be achieved using balanced state support and policies targeted at increasing environmental security and creation of the sustainable future for the generation to come.

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