scholarly journals Development and Calibration of Automated Multiple-Ring Infiltrometer

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Olotu Y.* ◽  
◽  
Parker-Ikharo. F ◽  
Rodiya A.A. ◽  
Evboifo N.O ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Infiltration Depth ◽  
Cumulative Infiltration ◽  
In Series ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Strong Agreement

An automatic triple-ring infiltrometer was developed using a set of pre-set sensors and transducer (AP 403, AP 404, AP 405 and AP 406, RAP001 and RAP002). The aluminum probe sensors were graduated and arranged in series to monitor the rate at which water is infiltrating into the soil layer. The working principle of automatic triple-ring infiltrometer was developed using six probes with depth calibration of 1.0mm, 26.7 mm, 12.4 mm, and 12.7 mm, respectively. The result obtained showed strong agreement with a coefficient of determination R2= 0.963, indicating positive proportionality between cumulative infiltration and time taken for the water to infiltrate at different depths. The instrument has a measuring accuracy of ± 0.3mm infiltration depth. The device works effectively under biochar amended soil and other soil formations with high precision. Accurate infiltration data generated by the instrument would be applied to estimate the depth of water available to plant and predict possible agricultural drought.

scholarly journals Development and Calibration of Automated Multiple-Ring Infiltrometer

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Olotu Y. ◽  
◽  
Parker-Ikharo F ◽  
Rodiya A.A. ◽  
Evboifo N.O ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Infiltration Depth ◽  
Cumulative Infiltration ◽  
In Series ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Strong Agreement

An automatic triple-ring infiltrometer was developed using a set of pre-set sensors and transducer (AP 403, AP 404, AP 405 and AP 406, RAP001 and RAP002). The aluminum probe sensors were graduated and arranged in series to monitor the rate at which water is infiltrating into the soil layer. The working principle of automatic triple-ring infiltrometer was developed using six probes with depth calibration of 1.0mm, 26.7 mm, 12.4 mm, and 12.7 mm, respectively. The result obtained showed strong agreement with a coefficient of determination R2= 0.963, indicating positive proportionality between cumulative infiltration and time taken for the water to infiltrate at different depths. The instrument has a measuring accuracy of ± 0.3mm infiltration depth. The device works effectively under biochar amended soil and other soil formations with high precision. Accurate infiltration data generated by the instrument would be applied to estimate the depth of water available to plant and predict possible agricultural drought.

Reliability Research on Measurement System for Downhole Storage Pressure Gauge

2013 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 516-520
Author(s):  
Heng Wu ◽  
Yong Peng ◽  
Li Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Vibration Resistance ◽  
Logic Diagram ◽  
In Series ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Mean Time

Downhole storage pressure gauge should meet the requirements of high strength, high temperature resistance, vibration resistance, and high reliability when hydraulic fracturing. Downhole storage pressure gauge has been designed. Based on the working principle, the logic diagram for reliable analysis has been built, which has been connected by five units in series. With the modules of electronic component and integrated circuit, the operating failure rates of the five units have been calculated. The reliability and Mean Time Between Failure of downhole storage pressure gauge have been obtained. The high reliability of the downhole storage pressure gauge can satisfy the measuring demand for pressure and temperature when hydraulic fracturing.

The Study on Circular Tool of Ultrasonic Cutting

2013 ◽  
Vol 765-767 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Yun Dian Zhang ◽  
Liang Fang ◽  
Zhi Ping Lu ◽  
Jia Ying Yu
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Modal Analysis ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
High Processing ◽  
Ultrasonic Cutting

The ultrasonic cutting of composite materials has the advantages such as high processing efficiency, high precision and non-pollution. The working principle of ultrasonic cutting is studied. The structure of circular tool is designed. The differential equation of tool frequency is established. The resonance frequency of tool is solved. Modal analysis is conducted for circular tool through ANSYS and the results are compared through tests.

Modelling of yields and soil nitrogen dynamics for crop rotations by HERMES under different climate and soil conditions in the Czech Republic

2013 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. HLAVINKA ◽  
M. TRNKA ◽  
K. C. KERSEBAUM ◽  
P. ČERMÁK ◽  
E. POHANKOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Organic C ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wide Range

SUMMARYThe crop growth model HERMES was used to model crop rotation cycles at 12 experimental sites in the Czech Republic. A wide range of crops (spring and winter barley, winter wheat, maize, potatoes, sugar beet, winter rape, oats, alfalfa and grass), cultivated between 1981 and 2009 under various soil and climatic conditions, were included. The model was able to estimate the yields of field crop rotations at a reasonable level, with an index of agreement (IA) ranging from 0·82 to 0·96 for the calibration database (the median coefficient of determination (R2) was 0·71), while IA for verification varied from 0·62 to 0·93 (median R2 was 0·78). Grass yields were also estimated at a reasonable level of accuracy. The estimates were less accurate for the above-ground biomass at harvest (the medians for IA were 0·76 and 0·72 for calibration and verification, respectively, and analogous medians of R2 were 0·50 and 0·49). The soil mineral nitrogen (N) content under the field crops was simulated with good precision, with the IA ranging from 0·49 to 0·74 for calibration and from 0·43 to 0·68 for verification. Generally, the soil mineral N was underestimated, and more accurate results were achieved at locations with intensive fertilization. Simulated yields, soil N, water and organic carbon (C) contents were compared with long-term field measurements at Němčice, located within the fertile Moravian lowland. At this station, all of the observed parameters were reproduced with a reasonable level of accuracy. In the case of the organic C content, HERMES reproduced a decrease ranging from c. 85 to 77 tonnes (t)/ha (for the 0–0·3 m soil layer) between the years 1980 and 2007. In spite of its relatively simple approach and restricted input data, HERMES was proven to be robust across various conditions, which is a precondition for its future use for both theoretical and practical purposes.

Design and Implementation of High-Precision Mine-Used Water-Pressure Sensor

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 3513-3517
Author(s):  
Rui Xue Wang ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Le Nian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Stability Measurement ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Upper Computer

A novel mine-used water-pressure sensor is presented in this paper, the configuration, working principle and design of main circuits are introduced in detail. Using pressure sensor, high precision 24 bits A/D converter AD7714 and low power consumption MCU P89LPC932 to complete the water-pressure measurement, and transferred the measuring results to upper computer through M-BUS, realized the stability measurement of high precision and low power consumption.

scholarly journals The Impacts of Climate-Induced Agricultural Drought on Four Cereal Crops: A Case Study in Bako Tibe District, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Terefa Adunya ◽  
Fedhasa Chalchisa Benti
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Impact

<p>Increasing temperature and altered precipitation patterns lead to the extreme weather events such as drought and flood, which severely affects the agricultural production. This study was aimed to assess the impact of climate change-induced agricultural drought on four cereal crops in Bako Tibe District. Time-series climate and crop yield data, recorded from 1989 to 2018, were acquired from NASA’s data portal and Bako Research Institute. The changes in temperature and precipitation were analyzed using Mann Kendall trend test. The agricultural drought index was analyzed using R-software. The correlation between the selected yield crops and drought indices were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficient. The results show that trends of seasonal and annual maximum and minimum temperatures were significantly increased (P&lt;0.05). However, seasonal and annual precipitations were insignificantly decreased (P&gt;0.05). Moderate to severe agricultural drought intensities happened four times in the last three decades. These drought spells spatially covered about 36% of the total area of the district. Crop yields and drought indices were significantly correlated at p-values; 0.0034, 0.043, 0.003 and 0.001 for teff, wheat, barley and maize, respectively. The coefficient of determination (R2) values of crop yields were 28.3%, 30.9%, 28.5% and 34.6% for teff, wheat, barley and maize, correspondingly. The study clearly suggests that the increase in temperature and decrease in precipitation enhanced the frequency and intensity of drought events and these impacted the selected crop yields during the past three decades. The map-based results could be used as guides for governmental and non-governmental organizations concerning on drought impact mitigation activities in the district by encouraging farmers to adopt appropriate agricultural technologies, drought tolerant crop varieties and small scale irrigation.</p>

scholarly journals Penerapan Sumur Resapan Untuk Pengendalian Genangan Air Hujan Pada Area Rumah Tinggal

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Ni Ketut Utami Nilawati ◽  
I Gde Eka Dharsika
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Management System ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Water Catchment

Continuous development causes changes in land use from open spaces as water catchment areas to become residential areas. The change in function of water catchment land causes rainwater that falls on the land not to enter the soil, but overflows on the surface of the soil. During the rainy season, most of the water will be discharged directly into the sea, otherwise it will cause puddles and flooding. Meanwhile, during the dry season, many groundwater sources experience drought. Naturally, groundwater shortages can be overcome if the management system is handled properly.The formulation of the problem in this study is how to apply infiltration wells to control rainwater puddles in residential areas.The working principle of an infiltration well is to distribute and collect rainwater into a hole or well, where the rainwater on the ground will then slowly seep into the ground. Below the ground, this seeping water will seep into the soil layer called the unsaturated layer, where this layer can still absorb water. Thus, the entry of rainwater into the ground will increase groundwater. The application of infiltration wells in residential areas requires calculation of the area covered by buildings and watertight. The number of infiltration well areas that need to be made is 4% of the watertight area.

scholarly journals Prediction of nitrate nitrogen content in soil using machine learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
V. K. Kalichkin ◽  
T. A. Luzhnykh ◽  
V. S. Riksen ◽  
N. V. Vasilyeva ◽  
V. A. Shpak
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Posteriori Probability ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Trust Network ◽  
A Posteriori Probability

The possibilities and feasibility of using the Bayesian network of trust and logistic regression to predict the content of nitrate nitrogen in the 0-40 cm soil layer before sowing have been investigated. Data from long-term multifactor field experience at the Siberian Research Institute of Farming and Agricultural Chemization of SFSCA RAS for 2013-2018 were used to train the models. The experiment was established on leached chernozem in the central forest-steppe subzone in 1981 in the Novosibirsk region. Considering the characteristics of the statistical sample (observation and analysis data), the main predictors of the models affecting nitrate nitrogen content in soil were identified. The Bayesian trust network is constructed as an acyclic graph, in which the main (basic) nodes and their relationships are denoted. Network nodes are represented by qualitative and quantitative plot parameters (soil subtype, forecrop, tillage, weather conditions) with corresponding gradations (events). The network assigns a posteriori probability of events for the target node (nitrate-nitrogen content in the 0-40 cm soil layer) as a result of experts completing the conditional probability table, taking into account the analysis of empirical data. Two scenarios were analyzed to test the sustainability of the network and satisfactory results were obtained. The result of the logistic regression is the coefficients characterizing the closeness of the relationship between the dependent variable and the predictors. The coefficient of determination of the logistic regression is 0.7. This indicates that the quality of the model can be considered acceptable for forecasting. A comparative assessment of the predictive capabilities of the trained models is given. The overall proportion of correct predictions for the Bayesian confidence network is 84%, for logistic regression it is 87%.

scholarly journals DESIGN OF A FAST SERVO MULTI-ELEMENT FEED DRIVE

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Elfizy ◽  
M. A. Elbestawi
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Precision Positioning ◽  
Chatter Suppression ◽  
Feed Drive ◽  
In Series ◽  
Feed Drive System

High precision positioning has become one of the most important features of a precision machine. Such a machine is required to provide versatility, speed and workspace and high precision positioning. Combining coarse (large stroke) and fine (high resolution) drive elements, connected in series, in a multi-element feed drive system provides the capacity of a large workspace with the property of high resolution motion. The performance of the whole system may be improved by adopting the merits of both drive elements to work in a complementary fashion. The multi-element feed drive concept has several applications in manufacturing, robotics and data storage. Fast tool servo in manufacturing is a direct use of the concept and its applications range from the creation of asymmetric surfaces to online chatter suppression. Micro-macro robots are also examples of multi-element feed drive systems that provide advantages when both large work space and accurate end-effector positioning are required. This paper presents an innovative design of a multi-element feed drive system for machine tools. It studies the design methodology and the implementation of the system and investigates several considerations that govern the design process and determine the performance. A multi-element feed drive setup based on a combination of PA and LM was built for experimental testing. Results show that the multi-element feed drive is able to improve the tracking performance as well as the steady state error. It also achieves faster settling time.

Simulation of Vector Control for Two Double Y Shift 30° PMSMs Series-Connected System

2012 ◽  
Vol 562-564 ◽  
pp. 1361-1364
Author(s):  
Xian Jun Shi ◽  
Ling Shun Liu ◽  
Shao Lei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor ◽  
Series System ◽  
Carrier Wave ◽  
Transformation Rules ◽  
In Series ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Vector Control Strategy

A number of multi-phase motors can be series-connected and driven by a single inverter via the appropriate phase transformation rules, and all motors in series-connected can be independently controlled . In this paper, the working principle of two six-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor series-connected system is proposed, the vector control strategy of id=0 and the carrier-wave modulation PWM technology are adopted to make the decoupled running of the two motors. Simulation of the two motors series system is obtained based on Matlab/simulink. The feasibility of the series system is proved by analysis the independently operating of one motor when the speed of the other motor is changed.

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