Otolith Morphology and Body Size Relationships of Monopterus albus in Malaysia

Monopterus albus production in Malaysia is widely depends on wild stock. Otolith morphology has been widely used to give additional information that is crucial for aiding the seed production. Otolith morphology of Asian swamp eel, Monopterus albus and its relationships to fish size was examined. A total of 125 samples were collected from the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia (ECPM) and Sabah for analyses. Otolith descriptions were based on its outline, including otolith length (OL, mm), otolith height (OH, mm) and otolith weight (OW, mm). Fish total length (TL, cm) and body weight (BW, kg) were also measured and recorded. Paired t-test result (p-value > 0.05) showed there is no statistically significant difference between left and right otolith dimensions. Regression models related to otolith morphometric parameters with eel length and body weight were determined. There is no morphological difference between left and right otolith of swam eel observed. Otolith weight is a good indicator of body weight (R2 =0.8994) and total length of fish (R2 =0.8707) since the R2 value is strongest than other relationship. If the otolith weight used to estimate the length and body weight of eel, the regression explains more than 87% of data variation in this Monopterus albus.

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Taxonomic, morphometric and limnological assessment of the commercially important ichthyofauna of Sakhakot Stream, Malakand, Pakistan

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.243774 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

Author(s):

M. Attaullah ◽

U. Ullah ◽

I. Ilahi ◽

N. Ahmad ◽

F.U. Rahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Standard Length ◽

Stream Fish ◽

Wild Stock ◽

Average Temperature ◽

Total Length ◽

Representative Species ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Fish Samples ◽

Commercially Important ◽

Mastacembelus Armatus

Abstract The present study was conducted for the taxonomic, morphometric and limnological assessment of the commercially important ichthyofauna of Sakhakot Stream, Malakand, Pakistan. The study area was divided into three sites along the water course namely Dargai Stream, Sakhakot Stream and Shergarh Stream. Fish samples were collected randomly during January to August 2017 with the help of fish gears. A taxonomic key was designed for the collected fish specimens. Ten fish species were identified belonging to 3 orders and 4 families. Family Cyprinidae was the dominant family with seven representative species while families Siluridae, Nemacheilidae and Mastacembelidae were represented by one species each. Lower mean total length and standard length was recorded in Puntius conchonius (Hamilton, 1822) as 9.2 ± 0.6 cm and 7.3 ± 0.6 cm respectively, while highest mean total length and standard length was recorded in Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepede, 1800) as 28.1 ± 1.7 cm and 15.9 ± 2.4 cm respectively. Mean pH of the water ranged from 6.1 at Shergarh Stream in August to 8.7 at Sakhakot Stream in January. Average temperature range was recorded from 10.9 °C in January at Dargai Stream to 18.7 °C in August at Shergarh Stream. No statistically significant difference was found for temperature (p = 0.96) and pH (p = 0.14) in the three water streams. The present study will provide a baseline for the rearing and enhancement of wild stock of the commercially important ichthyofauna in the field of aquaculture and fisheries.

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Analyzing human knockouts to validate GPR151 as a therapeutic target for reduction of body mass index

10.1101/2021.10.21.21264378 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Allan Gurtan ◽

John Dominy ◽

Shareef Khalid ◽

Linh Vong ◽

Shari Caplan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

Body Mass ◽

Drug Targets ◽

P Value ◽

Loss Of Function ◽

Sustained Reduction ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Normal Chow

Novel drug targets for sustained reduction in body mass index (BMI) are needed to curb the epidemic of obesity, which affects 650 million individuals worldwide and is a causal driver of cardiovascular and metabolic disease and mortality. Previous studies reported that the Arg95Ter nonsense variant of GPR151, an orphan G protein-coupled receptor, is associated with reduced BMI and reduced risk of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Here, we follow up on GPR151 with the Pakistan Genome Resource (PGR), which is one of the largest exome biobanks of human homozygous loss-of-function carriers (knockouts) in the world. Among PGR participants, we identify 3 GPR151 putative loss-of-function (plof) variants (Arg95Ter, Tyr99Ter, and Phe175LeufsTer7) with a cumulative allele frequency of 2.2% and present at homozygosity. We confirm these alleles in vitro as loss-of-function. We test if GPR151 plof is associated with BMI, T2D, or other metabolic traits. GPR151 deficiency is not associated with a significant difference in BMI. Moreover, loss of GPR151 confers a nominally significant increase in risk of T2D (odds ratio = 1.2, p value = 0.03). Relative to wild-type mice, Gpr151-/- animals exhibit no difference in body weight on normal chow, and higher body weight on a high-fat diet, consistent with the findings in humans. Together, our findings indicate that GPR151 antagonism is not a compelling therapeutic approach for obesity.

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Changes in Body Weight and Blood Pressure among Women Using Depo-Provera injection in Northwest Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.10852/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Muluken Fekadie Zerihun ◽

Tabarak Malik ◽

Yohannes Mulu Ferede ◽

Tesfahun Bekele ◽

Yigizie Yeshaw

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Body Mass ◽

T Test ◽

P Value ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Depo Provera

Abstract Objectives: Depo-Provera is an injectable contraceptive method containing medroxyprogesterone acetate. It has some adverse effects like changes in menstrual pattern, loss in bone mineral density and risk of weight gain. Therefore, this study is aimed at to investigate the effects of Depo-Provera on body weight and blood pressure among Ethiopian women. Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted from January 2017 to April 2017. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. Paired t-test, independent t-test and ANOVA were used to evaluate the presence of mean difference and relationship between changes in variables and duration of use of Depo-Provera. P-value ≤ 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean weight and body mass index (BMI) of Depo-Provera users were increased significantly (p=0.02 for mean body weight and p=0.019, for body mass index). There was no significant difference in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of Depo-Provera users compared to controls or their respective pretreatment value (p-value=0.85 for Depo-Provera users and 0.67 for non-users). The finding of this study revealed that there is an increased weight gain and BMI among Depo-Provera users compared to non-users, which really requires attention of health professionals and other stake holders.

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Identifying and Analyzing Health-Related Themes in Disinformation Shared by Conservative and Liberal Russian Trolls on Twitter

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18042159 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 2159

Author(s):

Amir Karami ◽

Morgan Lundy ◽

Frank Webb ◽

Gabrielle Turner-McGrievy ◽

Brooke W. McKeever ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Social Media ◽

Health Monitoring ◽

P Value ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Public Health Threat ◽

2016 Election ◽

Health Related ◽

Left And Right

To combat health disinformation shared online, there is a need to identify and characterize the prevalence of topics shared by trolls managed by individuals to promote discord. The current literature is limited to a few health topics and dominated by vaccination. The goal of this study is to identify and analyze the breadth of health topics discussed by left (liberal) and right (conservative) Russian trolls on Twitter. We introduce an automated framework based on mixed methods including both computational and qualitative techniques. Results suggest that Russian trolls discussed 48 health-related topics, ranging from diet to abortion. Out of the 48 topics, there was a significant difference (p-value ≤ 0.004) between left and right trolls based on 17 topics. Hillary Clinton’s health during the 2016 election was the most popular topic for right trolls, who discussed this topic significantly more than left trolls. Mental health was the most popular topic for left trolls, who discussed this topic significantly more than right trolls. This study shows that health disinformation is a global public health threat on social media for a considerable number of health topics. This study can be beneficial for researchers who are interested in political disinformation and health monitoring, communication, and promotion on social media by showing health information shared by Russian trolls.

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IMPROVING WATER QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) USING CONSTRUCTED WETLAND

Indonesian Aquaculture Journal ◽

10.15578/iaj.6.2.2011.107-122 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 107 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eri Setiadi ◽

Lies Setijaningsih

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Body Weight ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Constructed Wetland ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Fish Pond ◽

Total Length ◽

Significant Difference

Organic and inorganic pollutants such as N, P, and heavy metals are a serious problem in water bodies (lake, reservoir, river, and stream) and have deleterious effects to pond productivity and human health. These pollutants produced from anthropogenic activities (i.e. industrial, agricultural, and settlement) are released into the water bodies and causing poor water quality. Constructed wetland (CW) is one of the technologies that have the capability to solve such problems. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the efficiency of constructed wetland in terms of reducing pollutants from the stream as a water resource for aquaculture area and increasing fish production. Two kinds of treatments were set up: one fish pond culture with constructed wetland and the other one without constructed wetland (control). Each treatment consisted of three replications. The result showed that water quality in the fish pond with CW was better than the control. Constructed wetland were able to reduce ammonia (NH3-N), nitrite (NO2-N), nitrate (NO3-N), TN, phosphate (PO4-P), TP, Cu, Pb, and As concentrations to 15.00%-88.27%, 9.52%-72.73%, 11.11%-57.14%, 20%-66.67%, 24.44%-80.77%, 12.04%-77.95%, 50.00%-100%, 56.25%-100%, and 46.83%-100%, respectively. Nile tilapia cultured in pond using CW was higher than the control in terms of total length, body weight, and survival rate. The t test revealed that nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultured in pond with CW and the control has significant difference (P<0.01) in terms of total length, body weight, and survival rate. This is the evidence that constructed wetland technology is very useful on improving water quality and increasing pond productivity of nile tilapia cultured in the freshwaterpond.

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Comparative brain analysis of wild and hatchery reared Mahseer (Tor putitora) relative to their body weight and length

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.231509 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

Author(s):

N. Ullah ◽

I. Ullah ◽

M. Israr ◽

A. Rasool ◽

F. Akbar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Brain Size ◽

Function Analysis ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Brain Morphology ◽

Wild Stock ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tor Putitora ◽

Discriminate Function Analysis ◽

The Brain

Abstract The present study was aimed at comparing the brain size of mahseer (Tor putitora) in relation to their body weight and standard length, to investigate the potential impact of rearing environment on brain development in fish. The weight of the brain and three of its subdivisions cerebellum (CB), optic tectum (OT), and telencephalon (TC) were measured for both wild and hatchery-reared fish. The data was analysed using multiple analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and discriminate function analysis (DFA). We found the fish reared under hatchery conditions exhibit smaller brain size related to body weight, when compared to the wild ones. A significant (p<0.5) difference was observed in the length of CB and OT concerning the standard body length while no significant difference was found in TC of the fish from both the origins. The results of the current study highlight a logical assumption that neural deficiency affects the behaviour of fish, that’s why the captive-reared fish show maladaptive response and face fitness decline when released to the natural environment for wild stock enhancement. The current study concluded that hatchery-reared fish exhibit variations in gross brain morphology as compared to their wild counterpart.

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Measurement of the Luminal Diameter of Peripheral Arterial Vasculature in Yorkshire×Landrace Swine by Using Ultrasonography and Angiography

Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science ◽

10.30802/aalas-jaalas-19-000153 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Keping Zuo ◽

Li Buay Koh ◽

Christopher J Charles ◽

Evelyn KF Yim ◽

Jialing Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Preclinical Studies ◽

Cardiovascular Devices ◽

Luminal Diameter ◽

Iliac Arteries ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Left And Right ◽

The Common ◽

Peripheral Arterial ◽

Reference Knowledge

To select animals of appropriate size for preclinical studies of cardiovascular devices, reference knowledge of the cardiovascularanatomy relative to body weight is crucial. We measured the luminal diameters of the arteries (carotid, femoral, and iliac arteries) that are the common access vessels for endovascular and vascular procedures in Yorkshire×Landrace swine. Measurements were performed by using both ultrasound and angiographic methods and were correlated with body weight. Results showed no statistically significant difference between the left and right vessels in the diameters of the carotid,femoral, and iliac arteries. The diameters of the measured arteries showed high correlation with animal weight in pigs thatweighed less than 70 kg.

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Changes in Body Weight and Blood Pressure among Women Using Depo-Provera injection in Northwest Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.10852/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Muluken Fekadie Zerihun ◽

Tabarak Malik ◽

Yohannes Mulu Ferede ◽

Tesfahun Bekele ◽

Yigizie Yeshaw

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Body Mass ◽

T Test ◽

P Value ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Depo Provera

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COMPARISON OF CHEMOTHERAPY RESPONSE AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF DOUBLE-PLATINUM PLUS EGFR-TKI VERSUS DOUBLE-PLATINUM ALONE ON NSLCLC PATIENTS WITH DISEASE PROGRESSION AND EGFR-TKI TREATMENT

Folia Medica Indonesiana ◽

10.20473/fmi.v53i4.7161 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 276

Author(s):

Laksmi Wulandari ◽

Edward Pandu Wiriansya

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Disease Progression ◽

P Value ◽

Chemotherapy Response ◽

Subjective Response ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tki Treatment ◽

Platinum Chemotherapy ◽

Egfr Tki

EGFR-TKI is the first-line therapy for EGFR-mutant patients. Nevertheless, patients will have disease progression (median PFS 10 – 12 months) due to resistance. The treatment options are still limited in developing countries for such cases, thus double-platinum chemotherapy is the next option. Although IMPRESS study reported no difference in terms of PFS and OS between double-platinum alone and double-platinum plus EGFR-TKI, several local studies reported benefit of continuing EGFR-TKI in combination with double-platinum chemotherapy (treatment beyond progression). This study aimed to compare chemotherapy effects of double-platinum plus EGFR-TKI versus double-platinum alone on patients with NSCLC progression after EGFR-TKI treatment. This was an analytical descriptive study using prospective cohort design, involving 30 patients with disease progression following EGFR-TKI treatment that met inclusion criteria in Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Subjects were divided into two groups: arm A (double-platinum plus EGFR-TKI) and arm B (double-platinum alone). Subjects were observed until 4 cycles of double-platinum chemotherapy. Subjective response (body weight and EQ5D questionnaire) was analyzed, chest CT scans were evaluated using RECIST criteria, and adverse effects were monitored. This study was conducted in accordance with GCP principles and has received ethics certificate from Dr. Soetomo Hospital ethics committee (No. 08/Panke.KKE/I/2017). The results showed that subject characteristics between two arms were insignificantly different (p=0.05). The most common EGFR mutation was exon 21 (50% on arm A and 60% on arm B). Chi square was tested on subjective response parameter (EQ5D (p=0.483)). T2 free sample was tested on semi-subjective parameter (body weight (p=1.00)). Comparison test on both groups after cycle 2 and 4 showed p value=0.05. Statistical test on adverse effect between both groups showed p value=0.526. As a conclusion, there was no significant difference between double-platinum and double-platinum plus EGFR-TKI on patients who had disease progression following EGFR-TKI treatment.

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Changes in body weight and blood pressure in women using Depo-Provera in Northwest Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.10852/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Muluken Fekadie Zerihun ◽

Tabarak Malik Malik ◽

Yohannes Mulu Ferede ◽

Tesfahun Bekele ◽

Yigizie Yeshaw

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

T Test ◽

P Value ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral Density Loss ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Depo Provera

Abstract Objectives: Depo-Provera is a widely known brand name for medroxyprogesterone acetate. It has some adverse effects which is reversible after discontinuation include changes in bleeding patterns and bone mineral density loss risk of weight gain in obese adolescents. The study aims to investigate the effects of Depo-Provera on body weight and blood pressure of Ethiopian women. Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21 software packages. Paired t-test, independent t-test and ANOVA were used to evaluate the presence of mean difference and relationship between changes in variables and duration of use of Depo-Provera. The p-values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results The mean weight and body mass index (BMI) of Depo-Provera users were increased significantly (p-value-0.02 and p-value-0.019 respectively). There was no significant difference in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of Depo-Provera users compared to controls or their respective pretreatment value (p-value-0.85, p-value-0.67, respectively). Depo-Provera users showed weight gain and an increased BMI, which requires attention of stake holders.

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