scholarly journals Analyzing human knockouts to validate GPR151 as a therapeutic target for reduction of body mass index

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Gurtan ◽  
John Dominy ◽  
Shareef Khalid ◽  
Linh Vong ◽  
Shari Caplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
P Value ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Sustained Reduction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Chow

Novel drug targets for sustained reduction in body mass index (BMI) are needed to curb the epidemic of obesity, which affects 650 million individuals worldwide and is a causal driver of cardiovascular and metabolic disease and mortality. Previous studies reported that the Arg95Ter nonsense variant of GPR151, an orphan G protein-coupled receptor, is associated with reduced BMI and reduced risk of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Here, we follow up on GPR151 with the Pakistan Genome Resource (PGR), which is one of the largest exome biobanks of human homozygous loss-of-function carriers (knockouts) in the world. Among PGR participants, we identify 3 GPR151 putative loss-of-function (plof) variants (Arg95Ter, Tyr99Ter, and Phe175LeufsTer7) with a cumulative allele frequency of 2.2% and present at homozygosity. We confirm these alleles in vitro as loss-of-function. We test if GPR151 plof is associated with BMI, T2D, or other metabolic traits. GPR151 deficiency is not associated with a significant difference in BMI. Moreover, loss of GPR151 confers a nominally significant increase in risk of T2D (odds ratio = 1.2, p value = 0.03). Relative to wild-type mice, Gpr151-/- animals exhibit no difference in body weight on normal chow, and higher body weight on a high-fat diet, consistent with the findings in humans. Together, our findings indicate that GPR151 antagonism is not a compelling therapeutic approach for obesity.

scholarly journals Changes in Body Weight and Blood Pressure among Women Using Depo-Provera injection in Northwest Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muluken Fekadie Zerihun ◽  
Tabarak Malik ◽  
Yohannes Mulu Ferede ◽  
Tesfahun Bekele ◽  
Yigizie Yeshaw
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Depo Provera

Abstract Objectives: Depo-Provera is an injectable contraceptive method containing medroxyprogesterone acetate. It has some adverse effects like changes in menstrual pattern, loss in bone mineral density and risk of weight gain. Therefore, this study is aimed at to investigate the effects of Depo-Provera on body weight and blood pressure among Ethiopian women. Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted from January 2017 to April 2017. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. Paired t-test, independent t-test and ANOVA were used to evaluate the presence of mean difference and relationship between changes in variables and duration of use of Depo-Provera. P-value ≤ 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean weight and body mass index (BMI) of Depo-Provera users were increased significantly (p=0.02 for mean body weight and p=0.019, for body mass index). There was no significant difference in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of Depo-Provera users compared to controls or their respective pretreatment value (p-value=0.85 for Depo-Provera users and 0.67 for non-users). The finding of this study revealed that there is an increased weight gain and BMI among Depo-Provera users compared to non-users, which really requires attention of health professionals and other stake holders.

scholarly journals Changes in Body Weight and Blood Pressure among Women Using Depo-Provera injection in Northwest Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muluken Fekadie Zerihun ◽  
Tabarak Malik ◽  
Yohannes Mulu Ferede ◽  
Tesfahun Bekele ◽  
Yigizie Yeshaw
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Depo Provera

Abstract Objectives: Depo-Provera is an injectable contraceptive method containing medroxyprogesterone acetate. It has some adverse effects like changes in menstrual pattern, loss in bone mineral density and risk of weight gain. Therefore, this study is aimed at to investigate the effects of Depo-Provera on body weight and blood pressure among Ethiopian women. Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted from January 2017 to April 2017. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. Paired t-test, independent t-test and ANOVA were used to evaluate the presence of mean difference and relationship between changes in variables and duration of use of Depo-Provera. P-value ≤ 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean weight and body mass index (BMI) of Depo-Provera users were increased significantly (p=0.02 for mean body weight and p=0.019, for body mass index). There was no significant difference in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of Depo-Provera users compared to controls or their respective pretreatment value (p-value=0.85 for Depo-Provera users and 0.67 for non-users). The finding of this study revealed that there is an increased weight gain and BMI among Depo-Provera users compared to non-users, which really requires attention of health professionals and other stake holders.

scholarly journals Changes in Body Weight and Blood Pressure among Women Using Depo-Provera injection in Northwest Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muluken Fekadie Zerihun ◽  
Tabarak Malik ◽  
Yohannes Mulu Ferede ◽  
Tesfahun Bekele ◽  
Yigizie Yeshaw
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Depo Provera

Abstract Objectives: Depo-Provera is an injectable contraceptive method containing medroxyprogesterone acetate. It has some adverse effects like changes in menstrual pattern, loss in bone mineral density and risk of weight gain. Therefore, this study is aimed at to investigate the effects of Depo-Provera on body weight and blood pressure among Ethiopian women. Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted from January 2017 to April 2017. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. Paired t-test, independent t-test and ANOVA were used to evaluate the presence of mean difference and relationship between changes in variables and duration of use of Depo-Provera. P-value ≤ 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean weight and body mass index (BMI) of Depo-Provera users were increased significantly (p=0.02 for mean body weight and p=0.019, for body mass index). There was no significant difference in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of Depo-Provera users compared to controls or their respective pretreatment value (p-value=0.85 for Depo-Provera users and 0.67 for non-users). The finding of this study revealed that there is an increased weight gain and BMI among Depo-Provera users compared to non-users, which really requires attention of health professionals and other stake holders.

scholarly journals Correlation of Body Mass Index with Oncologic Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Large Population-Based Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3592
Author(s):  
Chong-Chi Chiu ◽  
Chung-Han Ho ◽  
Chao-Ming Hung ◽  
Chien-Ming Chao ◽  
Chih-Cheng Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
P Value ◽  
Administrative Claims ◽  
The Impact

It has been acknowledged that excess body weight increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, there is little evidence on the impact of body mass index (BMI) on CRC patients’ long-term oncologic results in Asian populations. We studied the influence of BMI on overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and CRC-specific survival rates in CRC patients from the administrative claims datasets of Taiwan using the Kaplan–Meier survival curves and the log-rank test to estimate the statistical differences among BMI groups. Underweight patients (<18.50 kg/m2) presented higher mortality (56.40%) and recurrence (5.34%) rates. Besides this, they had worse OS (aHR:1.61; 95% CI: 1.53–1.70; p-value: < 0.0001) and CRC-specific survival (aHR:1.52; 95% CI: 1.43–1.62; p-value: < 0.0001) rates compared with those of normal weight patients (18.50–24.99 kg/m2). On the contrary, CRC patients belonging to the overweight (25.00–29.99 kg/m2), class I obesity (30.00–34.99 kg/m2), and class II obesity (≥35.00 kg/m2) categories had better OS, DFS, and CRC-specific survival rates in the analysis than the patients in the normal weight category. Overweight patients consistently had the lowest mortality rate after a CRC diagnosis. The associations with being underweight may reflect a reverse causation. CRC patients should maintain a long-term healthy body weight.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Perceived Body Image, Body Mass Index and Physical Activity with Weight Status among Students at King Abdulaziz University Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-227
Author(s):  
Futoon S. Alobiri ◽  
Roaa A. Alharbi ◽  
Mohammed R. Algethami ◽  
Raghdah H. Ateeq ◽  
Aseel M. Badurayq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
King Abdulaziz University

Aim: Identify the relation between poor esteem for body image and weight-related behaviors. The results will help increase awareness and improve students’ lifestyles to have a better body image and achieve ideal body weight. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among King Abdulaziz University medical students (n= 460) between July to the end of August 2019. Data was collected using the International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ), figure rating scale (FRS) and analyzed using SPSS software. Result: The results showed that the average Body Mass Index (BMI) was 24.80 ± 11.89. Participant sex was an important factor influencing the prevalence of obesity; male students were more obese than female students with a significant difference (p<0.001). The level of body satisfaction was also affected by gender. Students in preclinical years were more likely to gain weight more than clinical years students. Conclusion: The results show a significant relationship between body satisfaction and gender (P<0.0001) despite having diverse BMIs. Overweight and obese males and females' participants had the lowest body satisfaction. Females who were too thin and had low BMIs described themselves as normal, while males describe themselves as too thin. Conversely, females with high BMIs described themselves as too fat, while males described themselves as normal. This could be due to different factors. Also, underweight females and males have high body satisfaction, which can lead to dangerous behaviors to maintain low body weight which cause negative health consequences.

scholarly journals TRAUMATIC DISEASE PECULIARITIES COURSE, ITS DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT AT POLYTRAUMA IN SUFFER OBESE PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
S.D. Khimich ◽  
O. M. Chemerys
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Prognostic Features ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Abstract Introduction. It’s known that the issue of polytrauma is one of the most urgent problems of surgery, and among injured patients a special approach is required for patients with overweight and obesity of varying degrees. Purpose of the study. To study prognostic features of traumatic disease course and to improve the results of diagnostics and surgical treatment of patients with polytrauma suffer obesity. Materials and methods. Clinical material was made up of 106 patients with combined body trauma, which were divided into three groups according to body mass index. Results. The results of the research showed a significant difference in the course of traumatic disease in patients with normal body weight and obesity. In particular, in the process of diagnostics of blunt chest and abdominal trauma the frequency of application of interventional methods of diagnostics was directly proportional to the increase of body mass index. The course of traumatic disease in the obese patients had a number of characteristic features that formed the basis for the development of diagnostics and differential program of treatment. Conclusions. The results of the research showed that the course of traumatic disease in combined injury obese patients is directly proportional to the body mass index and has certain features that differentiate them from patients with normal body weight. Keywords: polytrauma, obesity, traumatic disease, diagnostics, treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Ocular Anterior Chamber Depth and Body Mass Index in Normal Blacks in a Nigerian City

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
I. N. Aprioku ◽  
C. S. Ejimadu
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lens Power

Aim: To evaluate ocular anterior chamber depth (ACD) and body mass index (BMI) in a normal population in Port Harcourt City Local Government Area (LGA), with a view to determine formulae in estimating intraocular lens power for cataract surgeries and possible association with angle closure glaucoma and other ocular pathological conditions.            Methods: This is a multi-stage study with inclusion criteria of Visual Acuity > 6/18, age greater than 18 years with no history of past ocular surgeries or trauma. Data obtained through a structured proforma included age, sex, tribe, occupation and level of education. Body Mass Index (BMI) was measured using a standard height and weight automated scale (SECA 769,220). Comprehensive ocular examination done and Anterior Chamber Depth (ACD) measured using Amplitude (A) scan ultrasonography (SONOMED PACSCAN 300AP). Data was analyzed using SPSS (Version 17), and p value was set at ≤ 0.05. Results: Four hundred and sixty six (466) subjects participated in the study made up of two hundred and twelve (212) males (45.5%) and two hundred and fifty four (254) females (54.5%) with M: F ratio of 1:1.2. The age range was 18-92 years and mean age of the subjects studied 43.0±14.2 years. Findings revealed mean ACD and Body Mass Index to be 3.1±0.5 mm and 26.9±6.2 kg/m2 respectively. The mean ACD was greater in males than females. There was a statistically significant relationship between age and ACD. Obesity was found to be higher in females (n=97; 78.2%) compared to the males among those with BMI >30Kg/m2 and this was found to be statistically significant (p=0.0001). A larger proportion of subjects with normal BMI and overweight BMI 25-29.5 Kg/m2 were males. There was a statistically significant difference in the ACD values between genders among those overweight (BMI 25- 29.5 Kg/m2) and the obese (BMI >30 Kg/m2). Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference in the ACD values between genders among those overweight.

scholarly journals The effect of strength training with different frequency on untrained university students

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-193
Author(s):  
Ali E. Cigerci ◽  
Harun Genc
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Strength Parameter ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and Study Aim: The target of this paper was to examine the effects of strength training with different frequency on physical, performance and strength features on untrained university male students. Material and Methods: 24 subjects (age= 21.47+1.50) were divided into three groups; 8 for strength training group once a week (ST1), 8 for strength training group three times a week (ST3) and 8 for control group (CG). The training groups were applied a 6-week ST that lasted approximately 80-90 minutes for each training 3 days a week for ST3 and once a week for ST1. Analysis of intergroup, intragroup and the effect of training were carried out with repeated measures ANOVA. Significance was set at 0.05. Results: There was no difference in body weight and body mass index values in training groups, while a significant increase was found in CG. In addition, there was a significant decrease in body fat percentage and a significant increase in skeleton muscle mass without any change in body weight and body mass index in ST3. No statistical difference was seen in 10-20 m sprint and agility tests in all groups. For vertical jump, balance test for right and left leg, there was a significant difference between the pre and post-test measurements of ST1 and ST3. In standing long jump measurements, significance was seen in favor of ST3. In strength parameter, while a significant difference was detected in bench press, shoulder press and push-up due to the development of training groups, a statistically significance was found in squat and biceps curl by reason of improvement in ST3. Conclusion: As a conclusion, it can be said that 6-week strength training with different frequency applied on untrained male students has a positive effect on physical, performance and strength features.

scholarly journals The Effects of Cardiovascular Exercises on Body Mass Index and Vital Capacity among Students of Sargodha University

2020 ◽  
Vol V (III) ◽  
pp. 358-364
Author(s):  
Yassar Iqbal ◽  
Zubia Savila ◽  
Muhammad Badar Habib
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
University Students ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Cardiovascular Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

This research was designed to evaluate the effect of cardiovascular exercises on body mass index (BMI) and vital capacity (VC) among student aged between 21-27 years (M � SD 22.3� 3.05). The experimental research study was applied to 54 University students of Sargodha. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 24.0. P-value ? 0.05 was considered significant. The result showed that the average BMI of the control group and experimental groups was 20.73�3.02 vs 21.51�3.21. The effectiveness of cardiovascular exercise on Vital capacity on Pre and post-test of the experimental group was -56.91272 � 22.03192 with a pvalue of 0.000, which was showed there was a highly significant improvement in vital capacity of students and compare with the control group. It was concluded that body masses index and vital capacity is significantly improved in university students of the experimental group as a result of 10 weeks of the cardiovascular exercise training program. Conclude that there is a significant difference between the effects of cardiovascular exercise and daily routine sports activities on BMI.

scholarly journals Body mass index in relation to dental maturation of 10 to 14 years old school children in Erbil city. A cross-sectional prospective study.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Omar Chawshli ◽  
Yara Ameen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
School Children ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dental Age ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Maturation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background and Objectives: Estimation of dental age is based upon the rate of development and calcification of tooth buds and their progressive sequence of eruption in the oral cavity. The tooth calcification provides a valuable indicator of dental age and serves as an index of the maturation of the child. The aim of this study is to determine whether Body Mass Index (BMI) has association with dental maturation. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study design was applied for the present study, 383 school children were participated in this study which nominated from Erbil city. For the sample to be representative the city was divided in to six geographic areas according to the municipalities, the samples randomly selected school children of 10 to 14 years old from both genders. The height and the weight of each participant had been recorded in the college of dentistry / Hawler Medical University in order to calculate the body mass index of the following the guidelines of centers of disease control (CDC) , at the same time an orthopantomography radiograph had been used to investigate the stage of the dental maturation using the Demirjian method, finally, the relationship between BMI and dental maturation were investigated using chi square test with P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant difference. Result: there was a statistically significant relationship between dental maturation and BMI. The majority (93.6%) of samples with under-mature dentition were under-weight at the same time. The vast majority (96%) of samples with mature dentition had normal BMI. In the same manner, majority (91.7%) of samples with over mature dentition were over-weight too. Chi square test was used to find out the association and P-value was 0.001 Conclusion: In conclusion, normal weight students have normal dental maturation, underweight students have under dental maturation and overweight or obese students have over dental maturation. Keywords: body mass index, Demirjian, Orthopantomography.

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