scholarly journals GIS Based Index Overlay Method in Targeting Heavy Mineral Deposits, Southern Kerala Coast, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-511
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Arc Gis ◽  
Weighted Values

Owing to the strategic importance in defence and the other industrial applications, the heavy minerals have attracted the attention of the geoscientists since long time. But they have been using mostly the traditional techniques for a long time for targeting the heavy mineral deposits. Later, the scientists have started employing modern techniques like scintillometer based field surveys, remote sensing and the laboratory based sedimentological and heavy mineral studies. But since the traditional techniques are more cumbersome and would be very difficult to cover the vast length of the Indian coasts of over 7500 km, faster and effective techniques are necessary. So, the information value method was accomplished in the present study to demonstrate the targeting of heavy minerals in parts of Kerala extending from 76° 41' - 08° 53' in NNW and 77° 13' - 08° 17' in SSE (1,811sqkm). In this study five geosystem maps, viz; Lithology, Lineament Frequency, Lineament Density, Lineament Intersection density and Geomorphology were prepared using the raw and digitally processed LANDSAT ETM 7 and IRS LISS IV FCC data sets. These geosystem maps were firstly prepared as vector GIS layers and then converted into raster maps using ARC GIS software with the pixel size of 100sq.m and the total pixels of 1,64,358. On the basis of the contribution of the above five main geosystem variables towards the heavy mineral potentials, weightages were assigned (Wi) to each of them. Similarly, depending upon the heavy mineral possibilities of the sub variables of the above five main geosystem variables, scores were assigned (Si) to each sub variables of the 5 main geosystem variables. Then, the Wi values were multiplied with the corresponding Si values of each of the sub variables of the 5 main geosystem variables and those were considered as final weightages (HMP-Heavy Mineral potentials) and assigned the same to the corresponding pixels of each sub variables of the five main variables. Followingly, the each WiSi weighted values of the 1,64,358 pixels of the lithology main geosystem variable were added with corresponding pixels of the remaining 4 main geosystem variables using ADD function menu of ARC GIS and integrated raster GIS database was generated with all the 1,64,358pixels having the cumulative WiSi values (∑WiSi). Then, on the dynamic range of the ∑WiSi values, these pixels were classified into Very High, High, Moderate, Low and Very Low zones of heavy mineral concentrations. This was validated with heavy mineral weight percentage data derived from the field samples collected from the study area during survey. This study was basically undertaken to replicate it for the rapid appraisals of the probable heavy mineral target areas along the Indian coasts. However this can be replicated anywhere.

scholarly journals ENDAPAN MINERAL BERAT DI PERAIRAN PACIRAN DAN SEKITARNYA, LAMONGAN JAWA TIMUR

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Udaya Kamiludin ◽  
Maman Surachman ◽  
Wayan Lugra
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Silty Sand ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
Surficial Sediments ◽  
Sandy Silt

Sedimen permukaan dasar laut di perairan Paciran dan sekitarnya umumnya mengandung magnetit, hematit, limonit, piroksen, amfibol, biotit, pirit dan rutil. Ragam mineral berat ini terdapat pada satuan lanau pasiran, pasir lanauan dan pasir. Unsur utama pembentuk mineral berat yang terlihat dari analisis kimia berupa SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, K2O,Na2O dan TiO2. Selain terbentuk secara mekanik endapan mineral berat ini, terutama magnetit dan pirit sebagian terbentuk secara insitu. The surficial sediments Paciran waters and its vicinity consist of magnetite, hematite, limonite, pyroxene, amphibole, biotite, pyrite and rutile. These heavy minerals can be found in sandy silt, silty sand and sand. The major elements of these heavy minerals can be seen from the chemical analysis as SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, K2O,Na2O and TiO2. Another mechanical processes of these heavy mineral deposits, especialy magnetite and pyrite, some are formed authogenically.

Effects of slide-to-roll ratio and varying velocity on the lubrication performance of grease at low speed

2021 ◽  
pp. 135065012199336
Author(s):  
Yiming Han ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Xuyang Jin ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Rui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Critical Speed ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Existence Time ◽  
Pure Rolling ◽  
Lubrication Performance ◽  
Long Time

Under steady-state pure rolling conditions with low speed, the thickener fiber agglomerations can be maintained for a long time, generating a beneficial thicker film thickness. However, in industrial applications, motions with sliding or transient effects are very common for gears, rolling-element bearings or even chain drives, evaluation of the grease performance under such conditions is vital for determining the lubrication mechanism and designing new greases. In this project, optical interferometry experiments were carried out on a ball-disk test rig to study the disintegration time of the grease thickener agglomerations with the increase of the slide-to-roll ratio under steady-state and reciprocation motions. Under steady-state conditions, the thickener fiber agglomeration can exist for a while and the time becomes shorter with the increase of the slide-to-roll ratio above the critical speed. Below the critical speed, the thickener fiber can exist in the contact in the form of a quite thick film for a very long time under pure rolling conditions but that time is decreased with the increase of the slide-to-roll ratio. The introduction of the transient effect can further reduce the existence time of the thickener.

Development of a Microdevice for Sorting Motile Bacteria

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shioiri ◽  
T. Ishikawa ◽  
K. Numayama-Tsuruta ◽  
Y. Imai ◽  
H. Ueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Human Intestine ◽  
Count Method ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Of Operation

Bacteria are distributed in various places in nature and in industries, examples include human intestine, sewage treatment, food production and even food poisoning. Thus, the separation of bacteria from various samples is an important technique for medical and industrial applications. In recent years, separation of bacteria was commonly performed by a colony count method. This method, however, takes long time of operation and cannot be applied to bacteria for which culture method has not been established.

Heavy minerals in stream sediments from Churchill Falls, Labrador—an aid in bedrock mapping

1980 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-253
Author(s):  
John Edward Callahan
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Regional Metamorphism ◽  
Stream Sediments ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Fluvial Deposits ◽  
Geologic Map ◽  
High Concentrations

Stream sediments from a 13 000 km2 previously glaciated area in central Labrador near Churchill Falls were examined for their heavy mineral content. The minus 0.25 mm (60 mesh) nonmagnetic heavy mineral fraction from 846 stream sediment samples consists mainly of magnetite, ilmenite. garnet, hornblende, epidote and minor clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene. kyanite. sillimanite, biotite. apatite, and zircon. Changes in the frequency distribution of epidote, hornblende, garnet, and sillimanite in the stream sediments correspond well with those reported in previously mapped underlying bedrock lithologies. The occurrence of kyanite and sillimanite, high concentrations of garnet and opaques (mainly ilmenite), and lower concentrations of hornblende and epidote were used to determine grades of regional metamorphism, resulting in revision of the geologic map of this area. Heavy minerals in glacial drift or fluvial deposits may be useful as an aid in mapping in glaciated areas.

scholarly journals Heavy minerals in the Wajid Sandstone from Abha-Khamis Mushayt area, southwestern Saudi Arabia: implications on provenance and regional tectonic setting

GeoArabia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahbub Hussain ◽  
Lameed O. Babalola ◽  
Mustafa M. Hariri
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
The North

ABSTRACT The Wajid Sandstone (Ordovician-Permian) as exposed along the road-cut sections of the Abha and Khamis Mushayt areas in southwestern Saudi Arabia, is a mediun to coarse-grained, mineralogically mature quartz arenite with an average quartz content of over 95%. Monocrystalline quartz is the dominant framework grain followed by polycrystalline quartz, feldspar and micas. The non-opaque heavy mineral assemblage of the sandstone is dominated by zircon, tourmaline and rutile (ZTR). Additional heavy minerals, constituting a very minor fraction of the heavies, include epidote, hornblende, and kyanite. Statistical analysis showed significant correlations between zircon, tourmaline, rutile, epidote and hornblende. Principal component R-mode varimax factor analysis of the heavy mineral distribution data shows two strong associations: (1) tourmaline, zircon, rutile, and (2) epidote and hornblende suggesting several likely provenances including igneous, recycled sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. However, an abundance of the ZTR minerals favors a recycled sedimentary source over other possibilities. Mineralogical maturity coupled with characteristic heavy mineral associations, consistent north-directed paleoflow evidence, and the tectonic evolutionary history of the region indicate a provenance south of the study area. The most likely provenances of the lower part (Dibsiyah and Khusayyan members) of the Wajid Sandstone are the Neoproterozoic Afif, Abas, Al-Bayda, Al-Mahfid, and Al-Mukalla terranes, and older recycled sediments of the infra-Cambrian Ghabar Group in Yemen to the south. Because Neoproterozic (650-542 Ma) rocks are not widespread in Somalia, Eritrea and Ethiopia, a significant source further to the south is not likely. The dominance of the ultrastable minerals zircon, tourmaline and rutile and apparent absence of metastable, labile minerals in the heavy mineral suite preclude the exposed arc-derived oceanic terrains of the Arabian Shield in the west and north as a significant contributor of the sandstone. An abundance of finer-grained siliciclastic sequences of the same age in the north, is consistent with a northerly transport direction and the existence of a deeper basin (Tabuk Basin?) to the north. The tectonic and depositional model presented in this paper differs from the existing model that envisages sediment transportation and gradual basin filling from west to east during the Paleozoic.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF SEASONAL CHANGES ON HEAVY MINERALS CONCENTRATION FROM A PART OF EAST COAST OF INDIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Ali Mohammad ◽  
E.N. Dhanamjayarao
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Sediment Characteristics ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Seasonal Circulation ◽  
Mineral Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

Pre and post monsoonal changes in the environment have led to a noticeable variation in sediment characteristics, heavy mineral concentrations and their distribution. The current study aimed to find out the effect of seasonal fluctuations on the concentration of heavy minerals along the coast and the variations in sediment textures and distribution. The study has revealed the effect of seasons on the sediments supply and its distribution along coast in the study area. The total heavy minerals concentrations are more in post monsoon than in pre monsoon and the concentration also increases from south to north in parts of the study area because of seasonal circulation of currents from south to north along the shore. The micro textural study of the heavy mineral grains from different locations in the study area revealed the mechanical and chemical erosions on the grain surfaces.

scholarly journals The Development of Radio and 3G Based Telemetry System for the Remote Gas Accounting and Control Nodes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S3) ◽  
pp. 1417-1421
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
High Dynamic Range ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Telemetry System ◽  
Computing Device ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Remote Environment ◽  
High Dynamic ◽  
And Control ◽  
Direct Management

In this article we have described the use of vortex and recently developed ultrasonic flowmeters with high dynamic range of 1 to 1500 for industrial applications. Its software and the software of corresponding computing device is able to avoid gas leakage, to minimize energy consumption and to save human resources while maintaining metrological data. Described is the low power consumption that makes it possible to use this ultrasonic flowmeter in hard remote environment without direct management for a period of several months. Shown is the new telemetry system that was developed to unite flowmeters in the severe conditions of the desert with power supply problems and low GPRS signal quality. Experiments held in Turkmenistan have shown that device indications didn’t drift and remained stable during the year, that is a great advantage in comparison to rotary and turbine flowmeters. Also described is the mobile ultrasonic calibration stand that uses the same physical principles and similar software. Outlined is the usage of modern wireless technologies to collect and transmit metrological data.

scholarly journals Biosensors for D-Amino Acids: Detection Methods and Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4574
Author(s):  
Elena Rosini ◽  
Paola D’Antona ◽  
Loredano Pollegioni
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Application ◽  
Selective Determination ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Neurological Research ◽  
Review Reports ◽  
Science Investigations

D-enantiomers of amino acids (D-AAs) are only present in low amounts in nature, frequently at trace levels, and for this reason, their biological function was undervalued for a long time. In the past 25 years, the improvements in analytical methods, such as gas chromatography, HPLC, and capillary electrophoresis, allowed to detect D-AAs in foodstuffs and biological samples and to attribute them specific biological functions in mammals. These methods are time-consuming, expensive, and not suitable for online application; however, life science investigations and industrial applications require rapid and selective determination of D-AAs, as only biosensors can offer. In the present review, we provide a status update concerning biosensors for detecting and quantifying D-AAs and their applications for safety and quality of foods, human health, and neurological research. The review reports the main challenges in the field, such as selectivity, in order to distinguish the different D-AAs present in a solution, the simultaneous assay of both L- and D-AAs, the production of implantable devices, and surface-scanning biosensors. These innovative tools will push future research aimed at investigating the neurological role of D-AAs, a vibrant field that is growing at an accelerating pace.

scholarly journals Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy Based on Commercially Available 1550 nm Fabry–Perot Laser Diode and ErAs:In(Al)GaAs Photoconductors

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 2704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Henning Tybussek ◽  
Kevin Kolpatzeck ◽  
Fahd Faridi ◽  
Sascha Preu ◽  
Jan C. Balzer
Keyword(s):  
Laser Diode ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Thz Radiation ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Domain Spectroscopy ◽  
Fabry Perot

THz time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) is a promising tool for quality control purposes in industrial applications, but the high cost and the relatively large laser sources still make it difficult to use the full potential of the technology for a decent price. In this work, a THz TDS system, which uses a commercially available Fabry–Perot laser diode emitting at 1550 nm, is presented. By dispersion compensation, pulses with a duration of 544 fs were generated, resulting in THz radiation with a bandwidth of 1.4 THz and a peak dynamic range of 56 dB with state-of-the-art ErAs:In(Al)GaAs photoconducting antennas. These results are compared with those of a conventional and expensive fiber laser system with a 90 fs pulse duration.

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