scholarly journals Relation Dynamic Shear Stress and Wake Boat Waves Energy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2558-2564
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Tidal Flow ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Local State ◽  
Dynamic Shear ◽  
Recreational Vessels ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Coastal area is the most populated throughout the world due to its business activities especially those involves commercial or recreational vessels to bring people or goods. Inadvertently, heavily vessels traffic will create effect on shoreline, riverbank or estuaries in which resulting an erosion problem. Overcoming the problem, a few local state authorities are enforcing a regulation for the vessels to cruise along the coastline to minimize the erosion impact. This research was conducted to study the relationship of dynamic shear stress generated from wake boat and tidal flow induced energy at Kemaman river estuary, which located at Kemaman province, East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Evidence shows that erosion occurred along the riverbank, and it was confirmed that the vessels contribute to the erosion problem due to negligence of vessels’ speed. In addition, apart from the generated energy coming from the vessel, the dimension of the vessels also contributes to the erosion problem. The estimation of total energy created by each vessel is established by a formula through the relationship with wave energy under influenced of maximum wave height. The results indicate that increases in energy will increase the dynamic shear stress due to orbital wave velocity whereby it is a function of wave height generated by boat wave. Finally, the results also indicate addition minimum tidal flow rate and wake boat contributes higher dynamic shear stress as compared to mud bed shear stress. Therefore, it can be concluded that wake boat waves play a significant role in determining the riverbank erosion. The finding of this study serves some information as guidance to local state authority to impose regulation to community whom using the vessels to navigate through this estuary.

scholarly journals Monsoon Impact on the Air Quality During SAR-CoV-2 Pandemic Spread in Central Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah: Pre, During and Post Lockdown Scenarios

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
M.V. Prasanna ◽  
S. Chidambaram
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Hysplit Model ◽  
High Precipitation ◽  
Control Order ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Malaysia is considered as one of the countries with the highest novel corona virus (COVID-19) infected cases in Southeast Asia. Recent studies have identified that the air quality of a region also governs the transmission of the virus through pollutants. Hence, a study was conducted to assess the influence of air quality on the COVID-19 pandemic spread in central Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah. An attempt was also made to infer the effect of monsoonal precipitation on air quality. Central Peninsular Malaysia consists of major cities like Kuala Lumpur, Selangor and Putrajaya. These cities are highly populated, with the expansion of industrial activities, rapid urbanisation and greater usage of vehicles has resulted in air quality deterioration. Such conditions have led to related public health issues, compared to Sabah in east Malaysia. In this study, COVID-19 infected cases, air quality index (AQI) and precipitation data were collected from 25 January to August 2020 to infer the relationship of air quality to the pandemic spread before, during and after the implementation of lockdown periods in the country, referred as movement control order (MCO). The lockdown periods fall under various monsoon climate patterns in the country. Interpretation of data reveals that the variation in air quality correlates with the infected cases. Improved air quality was observed during the last phase of MCO with a lesser number of infected cases. The HYSPLIT model was adopted to study the backward air mass trajectories for different time frames to identify the variation in the sources of pollutants reaching the study area. The study determined that the air pollutants have reached the study area from various directions, reflecting a mixed contribution from the ocean and land area. The relationship between high precipitation (during inter-monsoon and SW monsoon) and improved air quality reveals the washout effect of air pollutants. The outcome of this study inferred that the variation of air quality and precipitation rates facilitate the pandemic spread in this region in addition to the other meteorological factors, apart from individual immune capacity and social distancing.

The Political Theory Implicit in Social Casework Theory

1953 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1076-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Keith-Lucas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Government Function ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The political theory implicit in social casework theory can be defined, for purposes of this discussion, as the theory of the relationship between man and society on which professional social casework is consciously predicated, or that theory of the relationship which is logically implied by social casework practice. This theory is not often consciously articulated and we must look for it, therefore, in those presuppositions underlying casework theory which are frequently accepted uncritically, if not wholly unconsciously. This practice obviously cannot be carried on without basic (although perhaps not entirely conscious) presuppositions about what man is like and consequently about what society can or ought to do for him.The presuppositions underlying social casework theory, although important in any context, have acquired a new significance to the extent that social casework has increasingly become a government function. During the past twenty years literally millions of people in the United States have been brought into a new relationship with officials of their local, state, and national governments—namely, the relationship of client and social caseworker.

scholarly journals Endothelial shear rate, local and regional vascular stiffness in patients in different stages of atherogenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
V. V. Genkel ◽  
A. O. Salachenko ◽  
O. A. Alekseeva ◽  
I. I. Shaposhnik
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Vascular Stiffness ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction and purpose. Endothelial cells are subjected to biomechanical stress produced by the bloodstream and tunica media of the vessel. Vascular stiffness and endothelial shear stress have cooperative effects on the endothelial structure and function. However, the relationship of shear stress and arterial stiffness is still poorly understood. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship of endothelial shear rate and both local and regional vascular stiffness in patients at different stages of the development of atherosclerosis. Methods. The study included 60 patients, 33 men and 27 women. The average age of patients was 54.8±11.7 years. Regional arterial stiffness was assessed by measurement of the pulse wave velocity in the arteries of elastic and muscular types. Local stiffness of the carotid arteries was characterized by Peterson elastic modulus, Young's modulus, stiffness index β, the deformation of the common carotid artery. Endothelial shear rate was measured at the site of the common carotid artery. Results. Average values of carotid endothelial shear rate were equal to 433±127 s-1. Reduced endothelial shear rate in the carotid arteries was associated with an increased Peterson modulus (r = -0.289; p = 0.025) and the stiffness index β (r = -0.280; p = 0.037), and moreover - with decreasing vascular distensibility (r = 0.288; p = 0.026) and deformation (r = 0.296; p = 0.024). Assessment of the relationship between endothelial shear rate and regional vascular stiffness showed weak statistically significant negative correlation of shear rate and PWVcf (r = -0.367; p = 0.014). Conclusion. In study subjects endothelial shear rate reduction in the area of the common carotid artery was associated with an increased Peterson modulus, stiffness index β, decreasing deformation of carotid arteries and increase in aortic stiffness.

scholarly journals USING THE THEORY OF REASONED ACTION TO PREDICT SMOKING INTENTION AMONG NON-SMOKING SECONDARY SCHOOL GOING ADOLESCENTS IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Kuang Hock Lim ◽  
Hui Li Lim ◽  
Sumarni Mohd Ghazali ◽  
Chee Cheong Kee ◽  
Mohd Zainuldin Tain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Intention To Smoke ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The study aims to determine the relationship of attitude and social-norm with the intention to smoke in the future among non-smoking youth. Data were derived from a study on smoking among form four students in a selected secondary school in Peninsular Malaysia, which utilised a pre-validated questionnaire to obtain data from the selected respondents. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used in data analysis. The study revealed independent variables accounted for 22.6% of the variance in intention to initiate smoking and the model had a good fit. A significant relationship was observed between subjective norm and intention to initiate smoking (R=0.46). The study revealed that attitude and social norm substantially explained intention to smoke among non-smoking adolescents. Future measures should concentrate on correcting the subjective norms to reduce the intention to initiate smoking among non-smoking youth.

Study on the Test System of ERF's Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 579-580 ◽  
pp. 813-817
Author(s):  
Xin Sheng He ◽  
Peng Huang ◽  
Kai Fei ◽  
Xiao Yi Zhang ◽  
Wei Zeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Apparent Viscosity ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Test System ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Electrorheological fluid (ERF) is a new kind of smart materials, which has a great deal of market value and broad application prospects. To meet the needs of the ERFs performance testing, design and produce of the ERF's performance test system are based on the relationship of the apparent viscosity, shear stress and electric field strength. Select the NDJ-8S digital viscometer, high voltage DC power supply, liquid container, and other parts to constitute the ERFs performance test system after considering the relationship of the apparent viscosity, shear stress, shear rate and electric field strength. The system has potentials to control voltage, change velocity, change the distance between the parallel panels, and test the yield stress of the ERF, shear stress, viscosity and other parameters. The study introduces the hardware and software device, the related experiments, and obtains the relationship of the viscosity, rotational speed, voltage, and plate gap.

Mean Shear Stress Effect for a Notch-Free Ductile Material Under Pure Cyclic Torsional Loads

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyh-Jen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Maximum Shear Stress ◽  
Ductile Material ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Shear Yield ◽  
Torsional Loads ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fatigue Criterion

The relationship of torque versus angle of rotation stabilizes after only a few cycles so that the alternating stress will become a constant as long as the maximum shear stress is less than the shear yield strength of the material. Using this information in Findley‘s fatigue criterion, it is demonstrated that the mean shear stress has very little influence on the fatigue limit of a notch-free ductile material under cyclic torsional loading.

The Loading Ability Analysis of Spiral Spline

2013 ◽  
Vol 475-476 ◽  
pp. 1507-1512
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Qing Tao Li ◽  
Jin Yao
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Force Analysis ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Flexural Stress ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

With the detailed force analysis of spiral spline transmission, the relationship of each force was derived. On the basis of this, referred to the designing and checking criterion of the straight-tooth spline transmission and spiral transmission, the calculation methods of the surface extrusion stress (or pressure) of the spiral spline teeth side, the shear stress and the max-flexural stress of the spiral spline teeth root, and the equivalent stress of the screw bolt were derived, and the checking criterions for them were put forward. An example, the surface extrusion stress through the calculation methods compared with that through ANSYSWorkbench simulation, verifies the calculation methods of the surface extrusion stress (or pressure) of the spiral spline teeth side.

Study on Characteristics of Seismic Ambient Shear Stress in Gansu Province

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 1433-1437
Author(s):  
Xiu Feng Tian ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Ju Pu
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Seismic Shear ◽  
Tectonic Environment ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shear Stress Field ◽  
Ambient Shear Stress

The breeding and occurrence of earthquake closely related to the intensity and spatial distribution of ambient shear stress field. Earthquakes would happen when the regional shear stress enhanced to the damage limit of rocks. In this paper, we used some acceleration records in Gansu province, and calculated corresponding seismic shear stress value according to the theory put forward by Professor Chen Peishan. Combined with the tectonic environment, we discussed the relationship of ambient shear stress with the magnitude and hypocentral depth.

scholarly journals Bahan Organik Total dan Kelimpahan Bakteri di Perairan Teluk Benoa, Bali

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Eta Yuspita ◽  
I Dewa Nyoman Nurweda Putra ◽  
Yulianto Suteja
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bacterial Abundance ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Net Cage ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Benoa Bay is semi-enclosed waters that have various activities. The existence of these activities will contribute to organic matter in the waters so that the effect on the presence of bacteria. This study aims to determine the total concentration of total organic matter (TOM) and bacterial abundance as well as its spatial and temporal distribution, and to determine the relationship of TOM concentration to bacterial abundance in the waters of Benoa Bay. Data collection is conducted on the surface of the waters in December 2016 to February 2017 when ebb conditions at 5 Benoa Bay water stations. Measurement of organic matter using permanganate test in titimetry based on standard methods SNI 06-6989.22-2004. Measurement of bacterial abundance using Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The TOM concentrations ranged from 63.20 to 65.10 mg/l and bacterial abundances ranged from 30 to 300 CFU/ml. Spatial distribution of TOM concentration and bacterial abundance tends to be higher close to Suwung Landfills (TPA) activity, floating net cage cultivation (KJA) activity in Serangan waters, and Buaji river estuary and tend to be lower approaching Benoa harbor activity and waters further from those activities. The concentration of TOM and bacterial abundance in December 2016 to February 2017 have fluctuating values. Based on the interpretation of the correlation coefficient, the level of relationship between BOT concentration and bacterial abundance in the waters of Benoa Bay is quite strong.

Pup development and timing of pupping in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in the St. Lawrence River estuary, Canada

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Dubé ◽  
M O Hammill ◽  
C Barrette
Keyword(s):  
River Estuary ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Daily Growth Rate ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Harbour Seals ◽  
Pup Development ◽  
Lactation Duration ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
St Lawrence River

Surveys to estimate the daily growth rate of harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) pups from birth to weaning and to determine the distribution of births were carried out from early May to late August 1998, 1999, and 2000 at two haulout areas in the St. Lawrence River estuary, Canada. Pups gained mass at a rate of 0.544 kg/day (standard error (SE) = 0.141, range 0.118–0.875 kg/day, N = 110). Births began between 12 and 17 May. The median dates of birth were 28 May (95% confidence interval (CI), 27–30 May) in 1998, 25 May (95% CI, 24–28 May) in 1999, and 26 May (95% CI, 24–27 May) in 2000. Births followed a normal distribution in 2000, but late pupping led to an extended tail in both 1998 and 1999. Pupping occurred at the same time in the St. Lawrence River estuary as at Sable Island, a colony located 600 km to the south, but occurred earlier than predicted by the relationship of Temte et al. (1991). The estimated median dates of weaning were 1 July (95% CI, 20 June to 12 July) in 1998, 30 June (95% CI, 19 June to 11 July) in 1999, and 26 June (95% CI, 20 June to 2 July) in 2000. Pooling years resulted in an average lactation duration of 34 days (SE = 1.8).

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